foundations of mathematics | table of contents

Foundations of Mathematics | Table of Contents  Chapter 1: Whole Numbers 1.1 Introduction to Whole Numbers 

● Place Value and Rounding Whole Numbers ● Identify whole numbers and counting numbers (20) ● Model whole numbers and identify the place value of a digit ● Use place value to name and write whole numbers (20) ● Round whole numbers 

1.2 Add Whole Numbers ● Adding Whole Numbers 

● Use addition notation (20) ● Model addition of whole numbers ● Add whole numbers without models ● Add whole numbers that may require carrying (20) 

● Applications of Adding Whole Numbers ● Translate word phrases involving addition to math notation (20) ● Add whole numbers in applications 

1.3 Subtract Whole Numbers ● Subtracting Whole Numbers 

● Use subtraction notation (20) ● Model subtraction of whole numbers ● Subtract whole numbers ● Subtract whole numbers that may require borrowing (20) 

● Applications of Subtracting Whole Numbers ● Translate word phrases involving subtraction to math notation (20) ● Subtract whole numbers in applications (20) 

1.4 Multiply Whole Numbers ● Multiplying Whole Numbers 

● Use multiplication notation (20) ● Model multiplication of whole numbers ● Multiply whole numbers by single digit numbers (20) ● Multiply whole numbers by multi-digit numbers (20) 

● Applications of Multiplying Whole Numbers ● Translate word phrases involving multiplication to math notation (20) ● Multiply whole numbers in applications (20) 

1.5 Divide Whole Numbers ● Dividing Whole Numbers 

● Use division notation (20) ● Model division of whole numbers ● Divide whole numbers by single digit numbers (20) 

● Dividing Whole Numbers with Long Division ● Divide whole numbers using long division (20) 

● Divide whole numbers using long division where there may be a remainder (20) ● Applications of Dividing Whole Numbers 

● Translate word phrases involving division to math notation (20) ● Divide whole numbers in applications (20) 

 Chapter 2: The Language of Algebra 2.1 Use the Language of Algebra 

● Variables, Expressions, and Equations ● Use variables and algebraic symbols (20) ● Use variables and algebraic symbols to describe inequalities (20) ● Identify expressions and equations (20) 

● Exponents and Order of Operations ● Use exponent notation and evaluate exponential expressions involving whole numbers 

(20) ● Simplify expressions using the order of operations (20) 

2.2 Evaluate, Simplify, and Translate Expressions ● Evaluating and Simplifying Expressions  

● Evaluate algebraic expressions (20) ● Identify terms, coefficients, and like terms (20, 20, 20) ● Simplify expressions by combining like terms (20) 

● Translating Phrases to Algebraic Expressions  ● Translate word phrases to algebraic expressions (20) ● Write word phrases from applications as algebraic expressions (20) 

2.3 Solving Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality ● The Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality  

● Determine whether a number is a solution of an equation (20) ● Model the Subtraction Property of Equality ● Solve equations using the Subtraction Property of Equality (20) ● Solve equations using the Addition Property of Equality (20) 

● Translating Phrases to Algebraic Equations and Solving  ● Translate word phrases to algebraic equations (20) ● Translate to an equation and solve (20) 

2.4 Find Multiples and Factors ● Identify Multiples and Use Divisibility Tests  

● Identify multiples of numbers (20) ● Use common divisibility tests (20) 

● Find Factors and Identify Prime and Composite Numbers  ● Find all the factors of a number (20) ● Identify prime and composite numbers (20) 

2.5 Prime Factorization and the Least Common Multiple ● Prime Factorization and the Least Common Multiple  

● Find the prime factorization of a composite number using a factor tree ● Find the prime factorization of a composite number using the ladder method (20) 

● Find the least common multiple (LCM) of two numbers  Chapter 3: Integers 3.1 Introduction to Integers 

● Integers on the Number Line and Opposites  ● Locate positive and negative numbers on the number line ● Order positive and negative numbers ● Find opposites (20) ● Translate word phrases to expressions with integers 

● Introduction to Absolute Value  ● Understand absolute value ● Simplify expressions using the order of operations with absolute value 

3.2 Add Integers ● Adding Integers and Variable Expressions Involving Integers  

● Model addition of integers ● Add two integers (20) ● Simplify expressions involving addition with integers (20) ● Evaluate variable expressions involving addition with integers (20) 

● Adding Integers in Applications  ● Translate word phrases involving addition to algebraic expressions (20) ● Add integers in applications (20) 

3.3 Subtract Integers ● Subtracting Integers and Variable Expressions Involving Integers  

● Model subtraction of integers ● Subtract two integers (20) ● Simplify expressions involving subtraction with integers (20) ● Evaluate variable expressions involving subtraction with integers (20) 

● Subtracting Integers in Applications  ● Translate word phrases involving subtraction to algebraic expressions (20) ● Subtract integers in applications (20) 

3.4 Multiply and Divide Integers ● Multiplying and Dividing Integers and Variable Expressions with Integers  

● Multiply two integers ● Divide two integers ● Simplify expressions involving multiplication or division with integers ● Evaluate variable expressions involving multiplication or division with integers (20) 

● Multiplying and Dividing Integers in Applications  ● Translate word phrases involving multiplication or division to algebraic expressions (20) 

3.5 Solve Equations Using Integers and the Division Property of Equality ● The Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality with Integers  

● Determine whether an integer is a solution of an equation (20) ● Solve equations with integers using the addition and subtraction properties of equality 

● The Division Property of Equality  ● Model the Division Property of Equality 

● Solve equations using the Division Property of Equality (20) ● Translating Phrases to Algebraic Equations with Integers and Solving  

● Translate to an equation with integers and solve (20)  Chapter 4: Fractions 4.1 Visualize Fractions 

● Introduction to Fractions, Improper Fractions, and Mixed Numbers  ● Understand the meaning of fractions ● Model improper fractions and mixed numbers ● Convert between improper fractions and mixed numbers (20, 20) 

● Finding Equivalent Fractions  ● Model equivalent fractions ● Find equivalent fractions (20) 

● Ordering Fractions and Mixed Numbers  ● Locate fractions and mixed numbers on the number line ● Order fractions and mixed numbers 

4.2 Multiply and Divide Fractions ● Simplifying and Multiplying Fractions  

● Reduce a fraction to lowest terms ● Multiply two fractions (20) 

● Reciprocals and Dividing Fractions  ● Find reciprocals (20) ● Divide two fractions (20) 

4.3 Multiply and Divide Mixed Numbers and Complex Fractions ● Multiplying and Dividing Mixed Numbers  

● Multiply mixed numbers (20) ● Divide mixed numbers (20) 

● Simplifying Complex Fractions and Order of Operations with Fractions  ● Translate phrases to expressions with fractions ● Simplify a complex fraction (20) ● Simplify an expression written with a fraction bar 

4.4 Add and Subtract Fractions with Common Denominators ● Adding and Subtracting Fractions with Common Denominators  

● Model fraction addition ● Add fractions with a common denominator (20) ● Model fraction subtraction ● Subtract fractions with a common denominator (20) 

4.5 Add and Subtract Fractions with Different Denominators ● Adding and Subtracting Fractions with Different Denominators  

● Find the least common denominator (LCD) ● Convert fractions to equivalent fractions with the LCD (20) ● Add and subtract fractions with different denominators 

● Combining Fraction Operations  ● Identify and use fraction operations 

● Use the order of operations to simplify complex fractions ● Evaluate a variable expression with fractions 

4.6 Add and Subtract Mixed Numbers ● Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers with Common Denominators  

● Model addition of mixed numbers with a common denominator ● Add mixed numbers with a common denominator (20) ● Model subtraction of mixed numbers ● Subtract mixed numbers with a common denominator (20) 

● Adding and Subtracting Mixed Numbers with Different Denominators  ● Add and subtract mixed numbers with different denominators 

4.7 Solve Equations with Fractions ● Solve Equations with Fractions Using the Addition, Subtraction, and Division Properties of 

Equality  ● Determine whether a fraction is a solution of an equation ● Solve equations with fractions using the Addition, Subtraction, and Division Properties of 

Equality (20) ● Solve Equations with Fractions Using the Multiplication Properties of Equality  

● Solve equations using the Multiplication Property of Equality (20) ● Solve equations with a fraction coefficient using the Multiplication Property of Equality 

(20) ● Translate sentences involving fractions to equations and solve 

 Chapter 5: Decimals 5.1 Introduction to Decimals 

● Naming Decimals and Converting Decimals to Fractions  ● Name decimals (20) ● Write decimals (20) ● Convert decimals to fractions or mixed numbers (20, 20) 

● Ordering and Rounding Decimals  ● Locate decimals on the number line ● Order decimals (20) ● Round a decimal (20) 

5.2 Decimal Operations ● Operations with Decimals  

● Add and subtract two decimals ● Multiply two decimals (20) ● Divide decimals by a whole number ● Divide a decimal by another decimal (20) 

● Operations with Decimals in a Money Application  ● Use decimals in money applications 

5.3 Decimals and Fractions ● Converting Fractions to Decimals and Order of Operations with Decimals  

● Convert fractions to decimals (20) ● Order decimals and fractions 

● Simplify expressions involving decimals using the order of operations ● Circumference and Area of Circles  

● Find the circumference and area of circles with pi as a decimal approximation (20) ● Find the circumference and area of circles with pi as a fractional approximation (20) 

5.4 Solve Equations with Decimals ● Solving Equations Involving Decimals  

● Determine whether a decimal is a solution of an equation (20) ● Solve equations with decimals (20) ● Translate sentences involving decimals to an equation and solve 

5.5 Averages and Probability ● Finding the Mean, Median, and Mode of a Set of Numbers  

● Calculate the mean of a set of numbers (20) ● Find the median of a set of numbers (20) ● Find the mode of a set of numbers (20) 

● Calculating the Probability of an Event  ● Apply the basic definition of probability 

5.6 Ratios and Rate ● Writing Ratios and Using Ratios in Applications  

● Write a ratio as a fraction (20) ● Use ratios in applications 

● Unit Rates and Unit Prices  ● Write a rate as a fraction ● Find unit rates ● Find unit price ● Translate phrases to expressions as rates or ratios 

5.7 Simplify and Use Square Roots ● Evaluating, Estimating, and Approximating Square Roots  

● Evaluate square root expressions (20) ● Estimate square roots (20) ● Approximate square roots (20) 

● Simplifying Square Roots with Variables and Square Roots in Applications  ● Simplify a variable expression with square roots (20) ● Use a square root in applications 

 Chapter 6: Percents 6.1 Understand Percent 

● Definition of Percent and Converting Percents  ● Use the definition of percent ● Convert percents to fractions (20) ● Convert percents to decimals (20) ● Convert decimals and fractions to percents (20, 20) 

6.2 Solve General Applications of Percent ● Percent Equations and Percent Increase and Decrease  

● Translate and solve a basic percent equation (20, 20) ● Solve applications of percent ● Find percent increase and percent decrease 

6.3 Solve Sales Tax, Commission, and Discount Applications ● Using Percents with Sales Tax, Commission, and Discount Applications  

● Solve sales tax applications ● Solve commission applications ● Solve discount applications ● Solve mark-up applications 

6.4 Solve Simple Interest Applications ● Solving Simple Interest Applications  

● Use the simple interest formula ● Solve a simple interest application 

6.5 Solve Proportions and Their Applications ● Proportions and Applications Using Proportions  

● Use the definition of proportion ● Solve proportions (20) ● Solve applications using proportions 

● Writing and Solving Percent Proportions  ● Write percent equations as proportions ● Translate and solve percent proportions 

 Chapter 7: The Properties of Real Numbers 7.1 Rational and Irrational Numbers 

● Classifying Real Numbers  ● Identify rational numbers and irrational numbers (20) ● Classify different types of real numbers 

7.2 Commutative and Associative Properties ● Simplifying Expressions with the Commutative and Associative Properties  

● Use the commutative and associative properties ● Evaluate expressions using the commutative and associative properties ● Simplify expressions using the commutative and associative properties 

7.3 Distributive Property ● Simplifying Expressions with the Distributive Property  

● Simplify expressions using the distributive property ● Simplify expressions involving fractions or decimals with the distributive property (20) ● Simplify expressions using the distributive property where a variable needs distributed 

(20) ● Simplify expressions using the distributive property where a negative number needs 

distributed (20) ● Evaluating Expressions with the Distributive Property  

● Use the distributive property as a step in the order of operations ● Evaluate expressions using the distributive property 

 7.4 Properties of Identity, Inverses, and Zero 

● Use the Properties of Identity, Inverses, and Zero to Simplify Expressions  ● Recognize the identity properties of addition and multiplication ● Use the inverse properties of addition and multiplication ● Use the properties of zero ● Simplify expressions using the properties of identities, inverses, and zero 

7.5 Systems of Measurement ● Unit Conversions in the US System  

● Make a unit conversion in the US system ● Use mixed units in the US System 

● Unit Conversions in the Metric System  ● Make a unit conversion in the metric system ● Use mixed units in the metric system 

● Unit Conversions Between the US and Metric System  ● Convert between the US and the metric systems of measurement ● Convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures 

 Chapter 8: Solving Linear Equations 8.1 Solve Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality 

● Simplifying and Solving Equations Using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality  ● Solve equations using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality ● Solve equations that need to be simplified using the Subtraction and Addition Properties 

of Equality ● Translate an equation and solve using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality 

● Translate and solve applications using the Subtraction and Addition Properties of Equality 8.2 Solve Equations Using the Division and Multiplication Properties of Equality 

● Simplifying and Solving Equations Using the Division and Multiplication Properties of Equality  ● Solve equations using the Division and Multiplication Properties of Equality (20, 20) ● Solve equations that need to be simplified using the Division and Multiplication Properties 

of Equality (20) 8.3 Solve Equations with Variables and Constants on Both Sides 

● A General Strategy for Solving Equations  ● Solve equations with constants on both sides (20) ● Solve an equation with variables on each side (20) ● Solve an equation with variables and constants on both sides (20) 

● General Strategies for Solving Linear Equations  ● Solve an equation using the distributive property with variables on one side (20) ● Solve an equation using the distributive property with variables on both sides (20) ● Classify equations as conditional, identity, or a contradiction 

8.4 Solve Equations with Fraction or Decimal Coefficients ● Use a General Strategy for Solving Equations with Fractions  

● Solve equations with fraction coefficients (20) 

● Solve equations with fraction coefficients and the distributive property (20) ● Use a General Strategy for Solving Equations with Decimals  

● Solve equations with decimal coefficients (20) ● Solve equations with decimal coefficients and the distributive property (20) 

8.5 Solve Linear Inequalities ● Inequalities, the Number Line, and Interval Notation  

● Graph an inequality on the number line ● Express an inequality using interval notation (20) 

● Solving One-Step Linear Inequalities  ● Solve an inequality using the subtraction and addition properties of inequality (20) ● Solve an inequality using the division and multiplication properties of inequality (20) 

● Solving Linear Inequalities  ● Solve an inequality that requires simplification ● Classify an inequality as conditional, identity, or contradiction (20) ● Translate an English sentence into an inequality and solve (20) 

 Chapter 9: Math Models and Geometry 9.1 Use a Problem Solving Strategy 

● Introduction to Problem Solving and Number Problems  ● Use a problem solving strategy for word problems ● Solve number problems (20) ● Solve number problems involving multiple numbers (20) ● Solve number problems involving consecutive integers (20) 

9.2 Solve Money Applications ● Solve Problems Involving Coins, Tickets, or Stamps  

● Solve a coin word problem ● Solve a ticket or stamp word problem 

9.3 Use Properties of Angles, Triangles, and the Pythagorean Theorem ● Solve Problems with Angle Measures and Similar Triangles  

● Use the definitions of supplementary and complementary angles to solve problems ● Find the measures of angles of a triangle using properties ● Use the properties of similar triangles to solve problems 

● Solve Problems with the Pythagorean Theorem  ● Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the length of a missing side of a right triangle ● Use the Pythagorean Theorem to solve application problems 

9.4 Use Properties of Rectangles, Triangles, and Trapezoids ● Find the Area and Perimeter of Rectangles  

● Understand linear, square, and cubic measure and the definition of area and perimeter ● Solve problems involving the area and perimeter of rectangles ● Use the area or perimeter of a rectangle to find the length or width of a rectangle when 

when one side is given in terms of another ● Find the Area and Perimeter of Triangles  

● Solve problems involving the area and perimeter of triangles ● Solve problems involving the area and perimeter of isosceles or equilateral triangles 

9.5 Solve Geometry Applications with Circles and Irregular Figures ● Find the Area of Trapezoids  

● Use properties of trapezoids ● Area and Circumference of Circles and Area of Irregular Figures  

● Solve problems involving the area and circumference of circles ● Find the area of irregular figures made from rectangles and triangles ● Find the area of irregular figures made from circles and other shapes 

9.6 Solve Geometry Applications with Volume and Surface Area ● Volume and Surface Area of Rectangular Solids and Spheres  

● Find volume and surface area of rectangular solids and cubes ● Find volume and surface area of spheres 

● Volume and Surface Area of Cylinders and Cones  ● Find volume and surface area of cylinders ● Find volume of cones 

9.7 Solve a Formula for a Specific Variable ● The Distance, Rate, and Time Formula and Solving for a Specific Variable  

● Use the distance, time, and rate formula ● Solve a given formula for a specific variable ● Solve a formula for y (20) 

9.8 Solve Applications with Linear Inequalities ● Problem Solving with Linear Inequalities  

● Solve one-step applications with linear inequalities ● Solve applications with linear inequalities 

 Chapter 10: Graphs and an Introduction to Functions 10.1 Use the Rectangular Coordinate System 

● Reading Graphs and the Rectangular Coordinate System  ● Plot points on a rectangular coordinate system ● Verify the solution to an equation in two variables (20) ● Complete a table of solutions to a linear equation in two variables ● Find solutions to a linear equation (20) 

10.2 Graph Linear Equations in Two Variables ● Graphing Linear Equations  

● Recognize the relationship between the solutions of an equation and its graph ● Graph a linear equation by plotting points ● Graph a linear equation in standard form by plotting points (20) ● Graph vertical and horizontal lines 

10.3 Graph with Intercepts ● Intercepts on the Coordinate Plane  

● Identify the x- and y-intercepts on a graph ● Find the x- and y-intercepts from an equation of a line (20) ● Graph a line using the x- and y-intercepts 

10.4 Understand Slope of a Line ● Understanding Slope  

● Use a geoboard to model slope ● Use the relationship between rise and run to find the slope of a line from its graph ● Find the slope of horizontal and vertical lines (20) 

● The Slope Formula  ● Use the slope formula to find the slope of a line between two points (20) ● Graph a line given a point and the slope ● Determine the slope in applications (20) 

10.5 Use the Slope-Intercept Form of an Equation of a Line ● Slope-Intercept Form  

● Identify the slope and y-intercept from an equation of a line and relate a graph to the equation 

● Graph a line given its equation using its slope and y-intercept ● Graph lines using a variety of methods ● Graph and interpret applications of slope-intercept 

● Parallel and Perpendicular Lines  ● Use slopes to identify parallel lines (20) ● Use slopes to identify perpendicular lines (20) 

10.6 Find the Equation of a Line ● Equations of Lines  

● Find an equation of the line given the slope and y-intercept (20) ● Find an equation of the line given the slope and a point (20) ● Find an equation of the line given two points (20) 

● Equations of Parallel and Perpendicular Lines  ● Find an equation of a line parallel to a given line (20) ● Find an equation of a line perpendicular to a given line (20) 

10.7 Graphs of Linear Inequalities ● Graphing Linear Inequalities  

● Verify solutions to an inequality in two variables (20) ● Recognize the relationship between the solutions of an inequality and its graph ● Graph a linear inequality 

10.8 Relations and Functions ● Introduction to Functions  

● Find the domain and range of a relation (20) ● Determine if a relation is a function given a set of ordered pairs or a mapping (20) ● Determine if a relation is a function given an equation (20) 

● Function Notation  ● Use function notation to find the value of a function given a number (20) ● Use function notation to find the value of a function given a variable expression (20) 

10.9 Graphs of Functions ● The Vertical Line Test and Graphs of Functions  

● Use the vertical line test to determine if a graph represents a function ● Identify graphs of basic functions ● Read information from the graph of a function 

Chapter 11: Systems of Linear Equations 11.1 Solve Systems of Equations by Graphing 

● Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Graphing  ● Determine whether an ordered pair is a solution of a system of linear equations (20) ● Solve a system of linear equations by graphing ● Determine the number of solutions of a linear system (20) ● Solve applications of systems of linear equations by graphing 

11.2 Solve Systems of Equations by Substitution ● Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Substitution  

● Solve a system of linear equations by substitution ● Solve applications of systems of linear equations by substitution (20) 

11.3 Solve Systems of Equations by Elimination ● Solving Systems of Linear Equations by Elimination  

● Solve a system of linear equations by elimination ● Solve applications of systems of equations by elimination (20) ● Solve a system of linear equations using a variety of methods (20) 

11.4 Solve Applications with Systems of Equations ● Systems of Linear Equations and Problem Solving  

● Translate a word problem to a system of equations ● Solve a word problem using a system of equations ● Solve an application in geometry using a system of equations ● Solve uniform motion applications using a system of equations 

11.5 Solve Mixture Applications with Systems of Equations ● Mixture Problems and Systems of Equations  

● Solve mixture applications involving tickets or money with a system of equations ● Solve mixture applications involving concentrations using a system of equations ● Solve interest applications using a system of equations 

11.6 Solve Systems of Equations with Three Variables ● Solving Systems of Linear Equations in Three Variables  

● Determine whether an ordered triple is a solution of a system of three linear equations with three variables (20) 

● Solve a system of linear equations with three variables (20) ● Identify inconsistent and dependent systems of equations with three variables (20) ● Solve applications using systems of linear equations in three variables 

11.7 Solve Systems of Equations Using Matrices ● Solving Systems of Linear Equations with Matrix Row Operations  

● Write the augmented matrix for a system of equations ● Use row operations on a matrix (20) ● Solve a system of equations using matrices (20) 

11.8 Solve Systems of Equations Using Determinants ● Determinants of Matrices  

● Evaluate the determinant of a 2x2 matrix (20) ● Evaluate the minor of an element in a 3x3 matrix (20) ● Evaluate the determinant of a 3x3 matrix (20) 

● Solving Systems of Linear Equations with Cramer's Rule and Determinants  ● Use Cramer's Rule to solve systems of equations in two variables (20) ● Use Cramer's Rule to solve systems of equations in three variables (20) ● Use determinants to determine if three given points are collinear (20) 

 Chapter 12: Compound and Absolute Value Inequalities and Systems of Linear Inequalities 12.1 Solve Compound Inequalities 

● Solving Compound Inequalities  ● Solve a compound inequality involving intersections ● Solve a compound inequality involving unions ● Solve applications with compound inequalities (20) 

12.2 Solve Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities ● Solving Absolute Value Equations and Inequalities  

● Solve an absolute value equation (20) ● Solve an absolute value inequality involving "less than" (40) ● Solve an absolute value inequality involving "greater than" ● Solve applications with absolute value (40) 

12.3 Graphing Systems of Linear Inequalities ● Solving Systems of Linear Inequalities  

● Determine whether an ordered pair is a solution of a system of linear inequalities (20) ● Solve a system of linear inequalities by graphing ● Solve applications of systems of linear inequalities 

 Chapter 13: Polynomials 13.1 Add and Subtract Polynomials 

● Adding and Subtracting Polynomials  ● Identify the types and degrees of polynomials (20, 20) ● Add and subtract monomials (20) ● Add and subtract polynomials (20) ● Evaluate a polynomial for a given value (20) 

13.2 Use Multiplication Properties of Exponents ● Product Properties of Exponents  

● Simplify numerical expressions containing exponents (20) ● Simplify expressions using the product property for exponents (20) ● Simplify expressions using the power property for exponents or the product to a power 

property for exponents (20) ● Simplify expressions by applying several properties 

13.3 Multiply Polynomials ● Multiplying Polynomials  

● Multiply monomials (20) ● Multiply a polynomial by a monomial ● Multiply a binomial by a binomial (20) ● Multiply a trinomial by a binomial (20) 

13.4 Special Products 

● Special Products of Binomials  ● Square a binomial using the binomial squares pattern (20) ● Multiply conjugates using the product of conjugates pattern (20) ● Recognize and use the appropriate special product pattern 

13.5 Divide Monomials ● Quotient Properties of Exponents and Dividing Monomials  

● Simplify expressions using the quotient property for exponents and the exponent of zero (20) 

● Simplify expressions using the quotient to a power property (20) ● Simplify expressions by applying several quotient properties of exponents ● Divide monomials (20) 

13.6 Divide Polynomials ● Dividing Polynomials  

● Divide a polynomial by a monomial (20) ● Divide a polynomial by a binomial using polynomial long division (20) 

● Synthetic Division and the Remainder and Factor Theorems  ● Use synthetic division to divide polynomials (20) ● Use the remainder and factor theorems (20, 20) 

13.7 Integer Exponents and Scientific Notation ● Negative Exponents  

● Use the definition of a negative exponent (20) ● Simplify expressions with integer exponents (20) 

● Scientific Notation  ● Convert from decimal notation to scientific notation (20) ● Convert from scientific notation to decimal notation (20) ● Multiply and divide using scientific notation (20, 20) 

 Chapter 14: Factoring 14.1 Greatest Common Factor and Factor by Grouping 

● The Greatest Common Factor and Factoring by Grouping  ● Find the greatest common factor of two or more expressions (20) ● Factor the greatest common factor from a polynomial (20) ● Factor a polynomial by grouping (20) 

14.2 Factor Quadratic Trinomials with Leading Coefficient 1 ● Factoring Trinomials with a Leading Coefficient of 1  

● Factor a trinomial of the form x^2+bx+c where c is positive (20) ● Factor a trinomial of the form x^2+bx+c where c is negative (20) ● Factor a trinomial of the form x^2+bxy+cy^2 (20) 

14.3 Factor Quadratic Trinomials with Leading Coefficient Other than 1 ● Factoring Trinomials with a Leading Coefficient Other than 1  

● Factor a trinomial of the form ax^2+bx+c with a GCF (20) ● Factor a trinomial using trial and error ● Factor a trinomial using the 'ac' method (20) 

14.4 Factor Special Products 

● Factoring Special Products  ● Factor a perfect square trinomial (20) ● Factor a difference of squares (20) ● Factor polynomials by combining the difference of squares and perfect square trinomial 

patterns ● Factor sums and differences of cubes (20, 20) 

14.5 General Strategy for Factoring Polynomials ● Choosing a Factoring Strategy  

● Recognize and use the appropriate method to factor a polynomial completely 14.6 Quadratic Equations 

● Solving Quadratic Equations by Factoring  ● Solve a factored quadratic equation using the zero product property (20) ● Solve a quadratic equation by factoring (20) ● Solve applications modeled by quadratic equations 

14.7 Polynomial Equations ● Solving Polynomial Equations by Factoring  

● Use the zero product property to solve a factored polynomial equation (20) ● Solve polynomial equations by factoring (20, 17) ● Find zeros and intercepts of a polynomial function by factoring (40) ● Use factoring to solve application problems involving polynomial equations (40) 

 Chapter 15: Rational Expressions and Equations 15.1 Simplify Rational Expressions 

● Domain of Rational Expressions and Simplifying Rational Expressions  ● Determine the values for which a rational expression is undefined (20) ● Evaluate a rational expression (20) ● Simplify a rational expression (20) ● Simplify a rational expression with opposite factors (20) 

15.2 Multiply and Divide Rational Expressions ● Multiplying and Dividing Rational Expressions  

● Multiply rational expressions (20) ● Divide rational expressions (20) ● Multiply and divide more than two rational expressions (20) 

15.3 Add and Subtract Rational Expressions with a Common Denominator ● Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with a Common Denominator  

● Add rational expressions with a common denominator (20) ● Subtract rational expressions with a common denominator (20) ● Add and subtract rational expressions whose denominators are opposites (20) 

15.4 Add and Subtract Rational Expressions with Unlike Denominators ● Adding and Subtracting Rational Expressions with Unlike Denominators  

● Find the least common denominator of rational expressions (20) ● Find equivalent rational expressions (20) ● Add rational expressions with different denominators (20) ● Subtract rational expressions with different denominators (20) 

15.5 Simplify Complex Rational Expressions ● Simplifying Complex Fractions  

● Simplify a complex rational expression by writing it as division (20) ● Simplify a complex rational expression by using the LCD 

15.6 Solve Rational Equations ● Solving Rational Equations  

● Solve a rational equation that results in a linear equation ● Solve a rational equation that results in a quadratic equation ● Solve a rational equation for a specific variable 

15.7 Solve Proportion and Similar Figure Applications ● Proportions and Problem Solving with Rational Equations  

● Solve proportions (20) ● Solve applications with proportions ● Solve similar figure applications 

15.8 Solve Uniform Motion and Work Applications ● Uniform Motion, Work, and Problem Solving  

● Solve uniform motion applications involving rational equations ● Solve problems involving rates of work using rational equations 

15.9 Use Direct and Inverse Variation ● Variation and Problem Solving  

● Solve direct variation problems ● Solve inverse variation problems 

15.10 Solve Rational Inequalities ● Solving Rational Inequalities  

● Find the solution set of a rational inequality ● Solve an inequality with rational functions (40) 

 Chapter 16: Roots and Radicals 16.1 Simplify and Use Square Roots 

● Understanding Square Roots  ● Simplify expressions with square roots (20) ● Estimate square roots and approximate square roots (20, 20) ● Simplify variable expressions with square roots (20) 

16.2 Simplify Square Roots ● Simplifying Square Root Expressions  

● Use the product property to simplify square roots ● Use the quotient property to simplify a perfect square fraction (20) ● Use the quotient property to simplify square roots 

16.3 Add and Subtract Square Roots ● Adding and Subtracting Square Root Expressions  

● Add and subtract like square roots (20) ● Add and subtract square roots that need simplification (20) 

16.4 Multiply Square Roots ● Multiplying Square Root Expressions  

● Multiply square roots (20) ● Use polynomial multiplication to multiply square roots (20) ● Use special product formulas to multiply square roots (20) 

16.5 Divide Square Roots ● Dividing Square Root Expressions and Rationalizing Denominators  

● Divide square roots (20) ● Rationalize a one-term denominator (20) ● Rationalize a two-term denominator (20) 

16.6 Solve Equations with Square Roots ● Solving Radical Equations  

● Solve a square root equation with a single radical (20) ● Solve a square root equation with two radicals (20) ● Use square roots in applications 

16.7 Higher Roots ● Understanding Higher Roots  

● Simplify numerical expressions with higher roots ● Simplify expressions with higher roots (20) 

● Simplifying Higher Roots and Operations on Higher Roots  ● Use the product property to simplify expressions with higher roots ● Use the quotient property to simplify expressions with higher roots ● Add and subtract higher roots (20) 

16.8 Rational Exponents ● Simplifying Expressions with Rational Exponents  

● Simplify expressions with rational exponents and a numerator of 1 (20) ● Simplify expressions with rational exponents and a numerator greater than 1 (20) ● Use the laws of exponents to simplify expressions with rational exponents 

16.9 Use Radicals in Functions ● Radical Functions  

● Evaluate a radical function (20) ● Find the domain of a radical function ● Graph a radical function by plotting points and determine its range 

16.10 Use the Complex Number System ● Introduction to Complex Numbers  

● Evaluate the square root of a negative number and understand the complex number system (20) 

● Add or subtract complex numbers (20) ● Multiplying and Dividing Complex Numbers and Powers of i  

● Multiply complex numbers (20) ● Multiply two complex conjugates (20) ● Divide complex numbers (20) ● Simplify powers of i (20) 

 Chapter 17: Quadratic Equations 17.1 Solve Quadratic Equations Using the Square Root Property 

● Solving Quadratic Equations Using the Square Root Property  ● Solve a quadratic equation using the square root property (20) ● Solve a quadratic equation with a binomial as the quadratic term using the square root 

property ● Solve a quadratic equation where factoring results in a perfect square binomial 

17.2 Solve Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square ● Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square  

● Complete the square of a binomial expression (20) ● Solve a quadratic equation with a leading coefficient of 1 by completing the square (20) ● Solve a quadratic equation with a leading coefficient greater than 1 by completing the 

square (20) 17.3 Solve Quadratic Equations Using the Quadratic Formula 

● Solving Quadratic Equations with the Quadratic Formula  ● Solve a quadratic equation using the quadratic formula with 2 real solutions (20) ● Solve a quadratic equation using the quadratic formula with 1 or 0 real solutions (20) ● Use the discriminant to predict the number of solutions of a quadratic equation (20) 

17.4 Solve Quadratic Equations in Quadratic Form ● Solving Equations by Using Quadratic Methods  

● Solve an equation in quadratic form by using substitution (40) ● Solve an equation in quadratic form with rational or negative exponents by using 

substitution (40) 17.5 Solve Applications Modeled by Quadratic Equations 

● Problem Solving with Quadratic Equations  ● Solve applications modeled by quadratic equations that may require the quadratic 

formula ● Solve geometric applications that may require the quadratic formula 

17.6 Graph Quadratic Functions Using Properties ● Parabolas and Their Properties  

● Graph a quadratic function by plotting points and determine the direction a parabola opens 

● Determine the axis of symmetry and vertex of a parabola given a function (20) ● Determine the intercepts of a parabola given a function (20) 

● Graphing Quadratic Functions  ● Graph a quadratic function by finding key points ● Determine the minimum or maximum of a quadratic function and use it in applications (40) 

17.7 Graph Quadratic Functions Using Transformations ● Transformations of Parabolas  

● Graph a quadratic function using a vertical translation ● Graph a quadratic function using a horizontal translation ● Graph a quadratic function by compression, stretching, or reflecting 

● Graphing Quadratic Functions Using Transformations  ● Rewrite a quadratic in vertex form and graph it using transformations ● Find a quadratic function given its graph 

17.8 Solve Quadratic Inequalities 

● Solving Quadratic Inequalities  ● Solve a quadratic inequality graphically ● Solve a quadratic inequality algebraically (40) 

 Chapter 18: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions 18.1 Finding Composite and Inverse Functions 

● Composite Functions  ● Perform a composition of functions (20) ● Evaluate a composition of functions for a specific value (20) 

● One-to-One Functions  ● Determine whether a function is one-to-one given a set of ordered pairs ● Use the horizontal line test to determine whether a graph represents a one-to-one 

function ● Inverse Functions  

● Find the inverse of a function given a set of ordered pairs or a graph (40) ● Verify that two functions are inverses of each other (40) ● Find the inverse of a function algebraically (40) 

18.2 Evaluate and Graph Exponential Functions ● Graphing Exponential Functions  

● Graph an exponential function and understand its properties ● Graph an exponential function using transformations ● Evaluate an exponential function with base e and understand the natural base (40) 

● Applications with Exponential Functions  ● Use the one-to-one property of exponential equations to solve an exponential equation 

(40) ● Use the compound interest formula to find the new value of an account (40) ● Use the continuously compounding interest formula to find the new value of an account 

(40) ● Calculate resultant values using exponential growth and decay models (40) 

18.3 Evaluate and Graph Logarithmic Functions ● Introduction to Logarithms  

● Convert between exponential and logarithmic form (20, 20) ● Evaluate a logarithmic function (20) 

● Logarithmic Functions and Applications  ● Graph a logarithmic function and understand its properties ● Solve a logarithmic equation by rewriting the equation in exponential form (20) ● Use logarithmic models in applications (40) 

18.4 Use the Properties of Logarithms ● Understanding the Properties of Logarithms  

● Use basic properties of logarithms and the inverse properties of logarithms (40) ● Use the product, quotient, and power properties of logarithms (40) 

● Using the Properties of Logarithms  ● Use the properties of logarithms to expand a logarithmic expression (40) ● Use the properties of logarithms to condense a logarithmic expression (40) 

● Use the change-of-base formula for logarithms (20) 18.5 Solve Exponential and Logarithmic Equations 

● Solving Logarithmic Equations  ● Use the one-to-one property of logarithmic equations to solve logarithmic equations (40) ● Use the properties of logarithms to solve logarithmic equations (40) 

● Solving Exponential Equations and Applications  ● Solve exponential equations using logarithms (40) ● Solve for amounts other than a new balance with the compound or continuously 

compounding interest formula (40) ● Use the exponential growth and decay models to find values other than the resultant 

value (40)  Chapter 19: Conics 19.1 Distance and Midpoint Formulas and Circles 

● The Distance and Midpoint Formulas  ● Use the distance formula to find the distance between two points (20) ● Use the midpoint formula to find the midpoint between two points 

● The Equation of Circles  ● Write the standard form of the equation of a circle given its center and radius (20) ● Write the standard form of the equation of a circle given its center and a point on the 

circle (20) ● Graph a circle given its equation in standard form ● Rewrite the equation of a circle given in general form by completing the square 

19.2 Parabolas ● Parabolas as Conic Sections and Applications  

● Graph a vertical parabola given the equation in general or standard form ● Graph a horizontal parabola given the equation in general form ● Graph a horizontal parabola given the equation in standard form ● Solve applications with parabolas 

19.3 Ellipses ● Ellipses with Centers at the Origin  

● Graph an ellipse with its center at the origin ● Find the equation of an ellipse with its center at the origin 

● Ellipses with Centers Not at the Origin and Applications  ● Graph an ellipse with its center not at the origin ● Rewrite the equation of an ellipse given in general form by completing the square ● Solve applications with ellipses 

19.4 Hyperbolas ● Hyperbolas as Conic Sections  

● Graph a hyperbola with its center at the origin ● Graph a hyperbola with its center not at the origin ● Rewrite the equation of a hyperbola given in general form by completing the square 

● Identifying Conic Sections by Their Equations  ● Identify conic sections by their equations 

19.5 Solve Systems of Nonlinear Equations ● Solving Systems of Nonlinear Equations  

● Solve a system of nonlinear equations by graphing ● Solve a system of nonlinear equations using substitution (40) ● Solve a system of nonlinear equations using elimination (40) 

● Problem Solving with Systems of Nonlinear Equations  ● Use a system of nonlinear equations to solve applications (40) 

 Chapter 20: Sequences, Series, and the Binomial Theorem 20.1 Sequences 

● Introduction to Sequences  ● Write the first few terms of a sequence (20) ● Find a formula for the general term of a sequence (20) 

● Factorial Notation and Sigma Notation  ● Use factorial notation (20) ● Find the partial sum (20) ● Use summation notation to write a sum (20) 

20.2 Arithmetic Sequences and Series ● Arithmetic Sequences and Series  

● Determine if a sequence is arithmetic and write the first few terms of an arithmetic sequence (20) 

● Find the general term of an arithmetic sequence (20) ● Find the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence (20) 

20.3 Geometric Sequences and Series ● Geometric Sequences  

● Determine if a sequence is geometric and write the first few terms of a geometric sequence (20) 

● Find the general term of a geometric sequence (20) ● Finite and Infinite Geometric Series and Applications  

● Find the sum of the first n terms of a geometric sequence (20) ● Find the sum of an infinite geometric series and use infinite geometric series to write a 

repeating decimal as a fraction (20, 20) ● Use geometric sequences and series to solve monetary applications including annuities 

(40) 20.4 Binomial Theorem 

● The Binomial Theorem  ● Use Pascal's Triangle to expand a binomial (20) ● Evaluate a binomial coefficient (20) ● Use the binomial theorem to expand a binomial (20)