foundational philosophies in education idealism - mind realism - fact scholasticism - tradition...
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Foundational Philosophies in Education
Idealism - mind Realism - fact Scholasticism - tradition Thomism – combination of faith & reason Pragmatism – growth in efficiency Existentialism – Intensity of feeling Post-modernism – Ending
domination/cultural assertion
Foundational Philosophies in Education
Traditional PhilosophiesIdealism, Scholasticism, Thomism, Realism
Absolute Truths – permanent, universally relevant
Required Subjects
Relativistic PhilosophiesPragmatism, Existentialism, Post-modernism
Relative Truths No Fixed Curriculums
IdealismIdealist - Anytime someone puts
more emphasis on the mind, or the mental side, than anything else.
Body,Feeling, Matter, Subconscious, Instinct, etc.
Mind, Thinking
Idealism Extreme Idealism
Idealism Plato
The Circle Descartes
Doubting = Thinking (If I think, then I am) Move beyond the learner, turn to ways
of thinking (Blooms Taxonomy) Lecture > Dialectic >Think
RealismRealist – Best type of knowledge is
those of physical fact.
Mind, Feeling, Subconscious, etc.
Physical Fact
Beginning of Realism
Scientific Realism
RealismLevels of Certainty:1. Physical Science2. Social Science3. Philosophical Knowledge - Speculation4. Religious Knowledge – Proof? Low
Agreement Behaviorism – Conditioning Aristotle
ScholasticismThe main focus here is Tradition. Truth is found in the physical, mental
and emotional things that have endured over time and is still relevant.
The world was here before we were born and we must be a part of this world.
Liberal Education
Thomism God exists and can be known
through faith and reason. Since both physical objects and
human beings, including minds and ideas, are created by God, faith has nothing to fear from idealism and rationalism.
Aquinas & Aristotle (Faith & Reason)
Pragmatism Everything is subject to change.
(Relevance?) Saber-Tooth Curriculum
Certainty is only at a practical level – that which brings the most practical results to the most people.
Focus: learning the scientific method and problem-
solving. working cooperatively with others
ExistentialismTruth is Subjective
Existence precedes essence. 55 mph? (Our we committed to this?) Students should be given the opportunity to
choose to learn and what to learn (responsibility) (Spiderman)
Reality is only determined by our choices. The only authority is the authority of self.
(knowledge & values) Pragmatists – success is important. Existentialists – success is of no value, be true to
yourself.
Post-Modernism Truth is found in the interaction of different
cultures. There should no be an ever dominant
group. This hinders certainty and rightness. New creations of truth can and should arise
when all groups are equal and interact. Multicultural Education Curriculum and Instruction
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