foundation year lec.5: lec.5: database management system lec.5: lec.5: database management system...

Foundation year

Lec.5: Database Management System

Lec.5: Database Management System

Computer For Health Sciences

COMP101

Lecturer: Fatma El-Zahraa MohamedYear: 2015/2016

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What is a Database?

A database is a collection of data that is stored in a computer system.

Databases allow their users to enter, access, and analyze their data quickly and easily.

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What is a Database Management System?

• A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enables users to create and maintain a database.• Examples:– Proprietary: MS Access, MS SQL Server, DB2,

Oracle, Sybase

– Open source: MySql, PostgreSQL

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The easiest way to understand a database is to think of it as a collection of lists, for example a patient information at a doctor office.

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Any database stores its lists of data in tables.The table bellow shows the ID, First name, Last

name and Age for a staff in a company.

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Access is far stronger at handling non-numerical data, like names and descriptions.

However, the thing that really sets databases apart from any other way of storing data is connectivity (Relational database).

A relational database is able to understand how lists and the objects within them relate to one another.

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To explore this idea lets have the following example:

Names of Friends

Types of cookies

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You decide to create a third list to keep track of the batches of cookies you make and who they’re for, this new list will get all its information from the lists you made earlier, as shown bellow:

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The fact that relational databases can handle information this way allows you to enter, search, and analyze data in more than one table at a time.

All of these things would be very difficult to do in Excel, but in Access, even complicated tasks can be simplified and made fairly user-friendly.

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We are going to talk about Microsoft office access as an example of a database so we can easily understand what a database can do .

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Access database - as any database – is composed of four main objects :

Tables, Queries, Forms and Reports.

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1) Tables A table is the database object that contains the basic

information you wish to store. Tables are organized into vertical columns and

horizontal rows.

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Rows and columns are referred to as Records and Fields.

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Every Field has a name

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Every record has a unique ID

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2) FormsForms are an Access tool that users can

create to make data entry in database tables easier.

You have probably had to fill out forms on many occasions, like applying for a job ,forms make entering data easier.

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3) QueriesQueries are a way for searching and compiling

data from one or more tables.

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4) Reports A report is an effective way to analyze and present data using a

specific layout. If you've ever received a computer printout of a class schedule or

a printed invoice of a purchase, you've seen a database report. Any database offers you the ability to create a report from

any table or query.

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Once you create a database, who can access it?

Creator: As the database creator, you can make the database available to all members or to just a selected group of members.

Each database you create comes with a full permission system that lets you specify which members have access to the database, and which have no access.

You can also control the level of access each member has. For example, you can limit some members to only viewing information, while others can add or edit information.