food fraud: definition and remedy
Post on 16-Jul-2015
184 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
FOOD FRAUD: Definition and Remedy
1
by: Lanrewaju AdetunjiBREE 651 (Seminar)
2OVERVIEW Definition Health Cases Impact Remedy
Overview
Definition
Health Aspect
CasesImpact
Remedy
33Overview DEFINITION Health Cases Impact Remedy
SYNONYMS: economic adulteration > economically-motivated adulteration >
food counterfeiting.
Food fraud (FF) is “any deliberate adulteration or
misrepresentation of food, food ingredients, or food
packaging…for economic gain.” ~ (Spink, 2011)
44
Fig 1:Routine Activity Theory (RAT)Source: en.wikipedia.com
Overview DEFINITION Health Cases Impact Remedy
complex supply chain
network create enabling
environment.
• criminal networks
concealed within legitimate
network;
• traceability extremely
difficult.
collaboration among
perpetrators
Source: National Center for Food Protection and Defence Incidents Database (Total
incidents : 356)
Fig 2: Number of Food Fraud Incidents by
Methods
5Overview DEFINITION Health Cases Impact Remedy
Fig 3: Number of Food Fraud
Incidents by Food Product Category
Do culprits mean harm to consumers?
Often not.
Yet health is affected;
• Consumers with allergies
• Vegan and vegetarians
• Reported cases of sickness (even death!)
6Overview Definition HEALTH Cases Impact Remedy
7Overview Definition Health CASES Impact Remedy
The Melamine Incident
Other notable cases:
Mountain States Creamery Co. (1934), Austrian Wine diethylene glycol Adulteration
(1986), Horsemeat Scandal (2013), the Gutter Oil Scandal in Taiwan (discovered: 2014)
Dec. 2007 July 2008 Aug. 2008 Sept. 2008 Oct. 2008 Dec. 2008
Fig 3: Timeline of the
melamine incident
Regulating agencies
• Lack of public trust
Honest stakeholders
• Lost patronage
• Implication
• loss due to recalls (retailers)
Home countries
• Stiffened international relation/trade
• Lower FDI (esp. developing countries)
8Overview Definition Health Cases IMPACT Remedy
9Overview Definition Health Cases Impact REMEDY
Source: Guidance on Food Fraud Mitigation US Pharmacopeial Convention (USP)
>>Current efforts
FDA’S Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA)
“…the focus…would be on those economically motivated
adulterants that are reasonably likely to cause illness or
injury…not [those] that solely affect quality and value…”
(FDA-2011-N-0920)
www.foodshield.org
www.foodfraud.org
www.foodfraudresources.org
10Overview Definition Health Cases Impact REMEDY
Manufacturers
• Improve raw material quality analysis
• Avoid sharing audit programs with 3rd parties
Retailers
• Develop interest in what they sell
Consumers
• Use product label
11
Regulatory Bodies
•More R&D effort on analytical methods
•Inform consumers
•Track them locally
•Share info globally
Overview Definition Health Cases Impact REMEDY
Food industry is highly money-driven; FF is on the rise,
Culprits are slyer,
Novel analytical techniques needed,
Room for R&D; engineers can be frontrunners.
“Desperate times call for desperate measures”
~Unknown Author
12
http://www.prevention.com/food/healthy-eating-tips/food-fraud-11-most-common-cases?s=12
Routine Activity Theory. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Routine_activity_theory
Food Fraud Initiative, Michigan State Initiative. http://foodfraud.msu.edu
2014 Taiwan food scandal (2015). In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 02:32, February 1, 2015, from http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2014_Taiwan_food_scandal&oldid=642781781
Gossner, C. M.-E., Schlundt, J., Ben Embarek, P., Hird, S., Lo-Fo-Wong, D., Beltran, J. J. O., . . . Tritscher, A. (2009). The Melamine Incident: Implications for International Food and Feed Safety. Environmental Health Perspectives, 117(12), 1803-1808. doi: 10.1289/ehp.0900949
Moore, J. C., Spink, J., & Lipp, M. (2012). Development and Application of a Database of Food Ingredient Fraud and Economically Motivated Adulteration from 1980 to 2010. Journal of Food Science, 77(4), R118-R126. doi: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02657.x
Sharma, K., & Paradakar, M. (2010). The melamine adulteration scandal. Food Security, 2(1), 97-107. doi: 10.1007/s12571-009-0048-5
Spink J. (2011). Defining food fraud and the chemistry of the crime for imported food products. In: Ellefson W, Zach L, editors. Import food safety. Washington, DC: Inst. of Food Technologists.
Spink, J. (2012). Counterfeiting food (Vol. 24, pp. 9-9): Consumers Union.
Sumar, S., & Boville, C. (1995). Food Fraud. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 115(1), 9-12. doi: 10.1177/146642409511500104
Yanzhong Huang (2014). The 2008 Milk Scandal Revisited. http://www.forbes.com/sites/yanzhonghuang/2014/07/16/the-2008-milk-scandal-revisited/
13
“
”
Thanks for listening.
Merci beaucoup!
?
14
Instructor:
• Professor Ngadi
TA:
• Divya Gupta, Ms
Reviewers:
• Paddy Enright, Mr
• Sarah Fioravanti, Ms
• Rachele Fischer, Ms
• Débora Vieira Parrine Sant' Ana, Ms
Acknowledgement
top related