fluid mechanics lab 1

Fluid Mechanics Lab

TAUQEER IQBALMSc. Material Science Engineering(Belgium)MSc. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics(Spain)

Lab session 1

Introduction to Flow Rate Measurement

Assessment Criteria

Class Participation

Discipline

Assignments

Presentation

Sessional viva

Final viva

In Today’s Session

Fluid Flow Measurement

Basics of flow rate measurements

Introduction to Hydraulic Bench

Flow Rate Measurement via Hydraulic Bench

Vocabulary/Definitions

Fluid:

A fluid is anything that would spill or float away if it weren't in a

container.

All liquids and gases are fluids

Manometer:

A device that measures the height (head) of liquid in a tube at the

point of measurement.

Learning Objectives

After this activity, one should be able to:

Calculate the mass and volumetric flow rates(Discharge)

Introduction and use of Hydraulic Bench

Familiarize with Different flow measurement Devices in Fluid

Mechanics

What Is flow Measurement?

Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement.

Mass flow measurement

Volumetric flow measurement

Mass flow rate(mass/time)

Example

An empty bucket weighs 2.0 kg. After 7 seconds of collecting water

the bucket weighs 8.0 kg, then:

mass flow rate = =ṁ

= = 0.857 kg/s (kg s-1)

mass of fluid in bucket

time taken to collect the fluid

8.0 -2.0

7

Mass flow rate(mass/time)

Can you Solve?

Example

If we know the mass flow is 1.7 kg/s, how long will it take to fill a

container with 8 kg of fluid?

Volumetric Flow Rate(Discharge)

Discharge = Q =

Q =

Q =

volume of fluid

time

mass of fluid

density x time

mass

volumedensity =( )mass flow rate

density

m/t=

Volumetric Flow Rate(Discharge)

Example

If the density of the fluid in the previous example is 850 kg/m3

what is the volume per unit time (the discharge)?

Q = 1.008 l/s

mass fluid rate

densitym/t=

Flow measurement Instruments

Orifice Plate

Rotameter

Venturi Tube

Pitot Tube

Nozzle

Vane Meter

Positive Displacement Flow Meter

Coriolis Flow Meters

Flow measurement Instruments

Orifice Plate

AVQ

ppCV ba

2

1 4

0

Flow measurement Instruments

Rotameter

Introduction to Hydraulic Bench

The Hydraulic Bench serves as a reservoir of water with a pump to supply the testing equipments with a controlled water flow rate. It also provides a method of determining the volumetric flow rate of water in experiments.

Hydraulic Bench

Parts Identification

Flow Rate by Hydraulic Bench

Close Dump Valve

Use stopwatch to measure volume increase/time.

Flow Rate by Hydraulic Bench

Set the flow rate using the outlet valve located at the front of the hydraulic bench.

The valve should be about 55% open.

Measure the actual flow rate using hydraulic bench and a stopwatch.

Repeat this measurement ten times.

Home Assignment

Search for Flow measurement devices not discussed here which are being used for;

Liquids

Gases