flood management experience in urban settlements presented by janusz kindler at gwp consulting...
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CP Meeting 2010; 3-4 September 2010Workshop 3:
Urbanisation, migration and water security
Flood management in urban settlements
Janusz KindlerGWP Central and Eastern Europe
CWP Poland
Urban population growthbut concerning urban flood management, the decisive factor is whether urban growth takes into account FLOOD RISK in the
development process or not
Hazard – flood magnitude of a defined probability of occurence
Exposure – who and what are endangered by flood in the hazard region
Vulnerability – susceptibility of the flood hazard region to flood losses defined by its geophysical, economic and societal attributes
URBAN FLOOD RISK... the probability of a loss, and this depends on three elements:
hazard, exposure and vulnerability
Urban Flood Risk Management, APFM, 2007
APFM was the Associated Programme on Flood Management, a joint initiative of the World
Meteorological Organization and the Global Water Partnership.
Its goal was to promote the concept of Integrated Flood Management (IFM), as a
new approach to flood management.
Integrated Flood Management
The IMF concept is based on the following principles:
• Employ a basin approach; • Treat floods as part of the water cycle; • Integrate land and water management; • Adopt a mix of strategies based on risk
management approaches; • Enable cooperation between different agencies; • Ensure a participatory approach.
The influence of urbanization on different components of the water cycle
Two major concepts of urban storm drainage: Direct
runoff versus source control
Direct runoff Source control
Risk management cycle
Urban Flood Risk Management: Conceptual Framework
Large river flooding vs. Flash flooding
Reports of on flash floods experienced in the recent past, in Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Poland, Romania, Slovak Republic, and Slovenia.
Three countries (Poland, Romania and Slovakia) - pilot projects in flash flood prone small communities to develop and refine their approaches with a particular view to flash flood warning and community preparedness.
All pilot projects conducted in project consortia consisting of the National Hydrometeorological Services (NMHSs), mayors and civil defence authorities of affected municipalities, and representatives of the Global Water Partnership in the Region (GWP-CEE) and individual countries.
Guidance on Flash Flood Management Recent Experiences from Central and Eastern Europe
APFM, 2007
Poland
The pilot project was small village of Gorzanow(about 1000 inhabitants) located in the Klodzko
County, in south-western Poland
28% of the people received an official warning but most of them received it too late.
36,1
19,4
005
10152025303540
too late little too late on time
pro
cen
t
Did they reach you on time?
27,8
66,7
010
20304050607080
tak nie
pro
cen
t
Did you received any warnings in 1997?
Local problem
30
70
0
20
40
60
80
Active Non active
pe
rce
nta
ge
Inhabitant's activity
Ineffective flood warning system
Spatial and quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF)
• in the spatial aspect – 4 smaller parts• in the quantitative aspect –
precipitation totals for each part
• in the time aspect – 6 hour precipitation totals
More detailed forecast for the Klodzko Valley was prepared as the input to preprocessor:
Source: L.Jelonek, T.Zawiślak,
IMWM Branch in Wrocław, 2006
Source: Global Water Partnership Poland (2006), Forward integration of flood warning in areas prone to flash floods. Country report: Poland. WMO/GWP Associated Programme on Flood Management
Local Flood Warning System
Tools for county crisis management center:Software aiding local center in assessing flood risk and possible consequences of risk Notification system mass telephone notification system to inhabitants (800 persons/hour)Educational program – cooperation with schools, gminas, journalists, NGO.
Klodzko County: floods in 1997 /1998, total losses 87/ 28 mln PLN, fatalities 13/ 8.
District of Klodzko built local flood monitoring system (40 rain and water gauges)
Cooperation with locals
• Diagnosis of local perception of flood risk (questionnaire)
• Flood hazard maps (1997)• Local warning dissemination
system based on volunteers• Elements of response plan• Educational activity –
cooperation with school, local NGO…
• ……
Planning group:residents, volunteers from fire brigades, priest, elected village representatives to local council, teachers, etc.
Work carried out:
Agreement divide responsibilities for warning residents and for flood education between county and gminas level
signed in Gorzanów April 22, 2006
Flood wardens (volunteers) network
Flood wardens tasks: Warn neighbours Update phone numbers Diseminate information
(leaflets) Advise neighbours how
to protect their property
Network will be under control of local fire brigade. Two meetings with volunteers were organized, concept of including this organisation in official flood response plane is prepared.
Local flood response plan
Evacuation point for residents (shelter) – in the school
Evacuation point for livestock and machines and cars – former national farm
Evacuation routes
System is part of the village flood response plan.
Support for inhabitantsLocal river
gauge
Map with hazard area
and evacuation
plan
Information materialF
lye
r o
n th
e lo
cal f
lood
war
nin
g s
yste
m
Fly
er o
n m
eth
ods
for
secu
ring
bu
ildin
gs
fro
m f
loo
din
g
Flood educationSchool contest and exhibition for parents - cooperation with the school
Flood Advices in Internet - Cooperation with Friends of Gorzanów Association
Family evacuation plan contest for children and parents organizedby the local primary school
Local event St. Florian day with flood education actions
Annual event organized in cooperation with mayor of the village and firefighters
Education elements: lecture for inhabitants about flood evacuation plan, few contests for children, contest for families on „family evacuation plan”.
Racibórz Commune
Kędzierzyn-Kożle City
Kłodzko Dist.
Nowa Ruda Commune
Świdnica District
Żywiec District
Brzesko Commune
Tarnów City
Kraków City
Local Flood Warning Systems in Poland
Staszów District
Now under consideration the new WMO/GWP Associated
Programme on Drought Management
Past attempts to manage drought and its impacts through areactive, crisis management approach have been ineffective,
poorly coordinated, and untimely, as illustrated by the hydro-illogicalcycle
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