fish holt ch. 30 pg. 726-738. characteristics of fish endoskeleton
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FISH
HOLT CH. 30
PG. 726-738
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH
ENDOSKELETON
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH
ENDOSKELETON
GILLS
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH
ENDOSKELETON
GILLS
CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CHARACTERISTICS OF FISH
ENDOSKELETON
GILLS
CLOSED-LOOP CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
KIDNEYS
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDER
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
rapidly)
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
rapidly)Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
water-gas sac
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDERFins increase stability (turn, dive, climb
rapidly)Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in
water-gas sacSENSORY ORGANS
NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas
sac
SENSORY ORGANS NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas
sac SENSORY ORGANS
NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas
sac SENSORY ORGANS
NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin EARS-AUDITORY nerve
MOVEMENT/RESPONSE
ENDOSKELETON-internal skeleton-muscles attach
FINS AND SWIM BLADDER Fins increase stability (turn, dive, climb rapidly) Swim bladder-regulate vertical position in water-gas
sac SENSORY ORGANS
NOSTRILS-lead to OLFACTORY lobe EYES-lead to OPTIC lobe TASTE-tongue, skin EARS-AUDITORY nerve LATERAL LINE-senses vibrations in water
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover
COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover
COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,
blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover
COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,
blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)
SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATION
RESPIRATION/CIRCULATION
Get oxygen from water (GILLS)OPERCULUM-gill cover
COUNTERCURRENT FLOW-Water passes over gills in one direction,
blood flows opposite direction (85% of dissolved O2 passes over gills)
SINGLE LOOP BLOOD CIRCULATIONBlood->gills->heart (atrium then ventricle)-
>pumped body->gills
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gills
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in
TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in
TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment
Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE-Sea water 3X salt of fish tissueExcess salt pumped out through gillsFRESH water fish have more salt in
TISSUES than water-take in salt from environment
Few fish can live in fresh AND salt waterKIDNEYS-
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water)
SALT/WATER BALANCE- Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue Excess salt pumped out through gills FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than
water-take in salt from environment Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
KIDNEYS- Maintain salt and water balance
EXCRETION
Most vertebrates conserve water (2/3 of body is water) SALT/WATER BALANCE-
Sea water 3X salt of fish tissue Excess salt pumped out through gills FRESH water fish have more salt in TISSUES than water-
take in salt from environment Few fish can live in fresh AND salt water
KIDNEYS- Maintain salt and water balance Removes wastes from blood Excess water leave in form of urine
REPRODUCTION
Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*
REPRODUCTION
Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*
Usually spawn in large groups (schools)
REPRODUCTION
Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*
Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,
and rays.
REPRODUCTION
Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*
Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,
and rays.CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp
female
REPRODUCTION
Most reproduce sexually and externally *SPAWNING*
Usually spawn in large groups (schools)INTERNAL fertilization in skates, sharks,
and rays.CLASPERS-male organ used to grasp
femaleEggs develop inside, born live
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groups
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groupsJawless fish
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fish
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish
JAWLESS (AGNATHA)Skeletons of CARTILAGE
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groupsJawless fishCartilagenous fishBony fish
JAWLESS (AGNATHA)Skeletons of CARTILAGEKeep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no
spinal cord/spine)
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groups Jawless fish Cartilagenous fish Bony fish
JAWLESS (AGNATHA) Skeletons of CARTILAGE Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal
cord/spine) HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,
create slime/tie into knots
GROUPS OF FISH
3 main groups Jawless fish Cartilagenous fish Bony fish
JAWLESS (AGNATHA) Skeletons of CARTILAGE Keep NOTOCHORD into adulthood (no spinal
cord/spine) HAGFISH-scavengers/predators- deep in ocean,
create slime/tie into knots LAMPREY-parasites, suction mouth
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISH
NURSE SHARK(notice gill slits)
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jaws
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGE
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium
carbonate
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium
carbonateSHARKS-
STREAMLINED-move through water fast
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium
carbonateSHARKS-
STREAMLINED-move through water fastTRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISHpaired fins and jawsSkeletons of CARTILAGECartilage strengthened by calcium
carbonateSHARKS-
STREAMLINED-move through water fastTRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES)TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS,
20,000 in life time)
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGINOUS FISH paired fins and jaws Skeletons of CARTILAGE Cartilage strengthened by calcium carbonate SHARKS-
STREAMLINED-move through water fast TRIANGLE shaped scales (PLACOID SCALES) TEETH are modified scales (6-10 ROWS, 20,000 in life
time) Largest sharks (whale shark) eat PLANKTON, most
others are predators
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies
DIAMOND STINGRAY
BIG SKATE
MANTA RAY
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodiesLife on sea floor
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED:SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodiesLife on sea floorGiant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller)Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if
cartilage and jawless COMBINED)
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and
jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and
jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and
jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and
jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless
COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless
COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish
LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738)
COELACANTH
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless
COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish
LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738) Fleshy fins
GROUPS OF FISH
CARTILAGENOUS CONTINUED: SKATES/RAYS
Flat bodies Life on sea floor Giant manta ray=7m wide (most others smaller) Some discharge electrical charge
BONY FISH 24,000 species of bony fish ( 1,000 if cartilage and jawless COMBINED) One of most successful vertebrates Bone endoskeleton
RAY-FINNED FISH Fins supported by ‘rays’ (TELEOSTS 96% of fish
LOBE-FINNED FISH COELOCANTH (PG. 738) Fleshy fins Direct ancestors of amphibians and land vertebrates
LUNG FISH
LUNGFISH
LUNGFISH
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