fire safety requirements for persons with disabilities ms goh sia imm
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FIRE SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
FOR PERSONS WITH
DISABILITIES
By
Goh Siam Imm (Ms)
Building and Construciton Authority
Member of Fire Code Review Committee
6 March 2013
Fire Code Seminar 2013
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Implementation
Fire Safety Requirements for Persons with Disabilities
Released by SCDF in Jan 2011
Implemented on 1 Nov 2011
Amendment (8 Jan 2013)
Appendix 20 item 7 - Means to Alert the Hearing Impaired
Take effect on 15 July 2013
To be read with Requirements on Using lifts for evacuation of building occupants during emergency
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Implementation
Fire Safety Requirements for Persons with Disabilities
Not Applicable for
Purpose group I and II (residential development)
Non-residential standalone buildings intended as ancillary use within the residential development, eg. carpark buildings and clubhouses
Health Care Occupancy (eg. Hospitals, Nursing Home etc.)
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Scope of the Guidelines
Fire Safety Requirements for Persons with Disabilities covers
Essential fire Safety provisions to facilitates the evacuation of PWDs during the fire emergencies
Escape RouteHolding point for Person with Disabililites (PWD)Evacuation lift Communication
Planning strategies to manage the evacuation of PWDS
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Persons with Disabilities
Persons with Disabilities (PWD) are persons whose mobility and use of a building
are affected as a consequence of one or
more of the following physical or sensory
disabilities or impairments:(a) Ambulant disabled
(b) Wheel-bound
(c) Hearing impairment or deafness
(d) Visual impairment or blindness
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Evacuation
Concept
Building Owner
Emergency
Place of Safety
Evacuation lift
PWD Holding Point
Persons With Disabilities
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PWD Holding Point
A temporarily safe space for PWDs to await
assistance for their evacuation
To be provided on all storeys including
basement level (except for first storey or storey
at grade level)
At least 2 PWD Holding Points for every storey
except for building with a single exit staircase
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At least two designated PWD Holding Points for every storey of building except for building designed
with single exit staircase
PWD Holding
PointPWD Holding
Point
PWD Holding Point
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PWD Holding Point
Single PWD Holding Point for building designed with single exit staircase allowed under:
Cl.2.6.1 Office, shop, factory & warehouse not exceeding 15m in habitable height and not exceeding 4 storeys
PWD Holding Point
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Safe waiting areas for short period of time
Enclosed with fire-resisting construction
and served directly by a
safe route to a storey
exit, evacuation lift or
final exit
PWD Holding Point
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Located within fire fighting lobby,
smoke stop lobby
or external corridor
PWD Holding Point
Free of obstruction
Located away from Point of occupant
egress
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PWD Holding Point designated in an external corridor
shall be positioned at least 2000mm away from the
edge of exit staircase
PWD Holding Point
Min 2000mm
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PWD Holding Point within fire fighting lobby and smoke stop lobby
shall be positioned at least 500mm away from the edge of exit staircase and from the
occupant escape path
PWD Holding Point
Min
500mm
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The PWD Holding Point shall not obstruct or disrupt the escape flow within the staircase
PWD Holding Point
PWD Holding Point
inside exit staircase
Only permitted for buildings not more
than 4 storeys above
ground or without lift
provision
PWD Holding Point
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Wheelchair space of at least 900mm X 1400mm to allow
manoeuvring of wheelchair
PWD Holding Point
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PWD Holding Point,
Dotted rectangle marking and symbol of access for
PWD on the floor
Mandatory sign PWD Holding Point-Keep
Clear prominently displayed
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The corridor serving as escape route shall have a minimum width of
1200mm
Rationale In line with the minimum clear width or
1.2 m specified in the Code on
accessibility in the Built Environment
The width would facilitate wheelchair bound person to manouevre and to gain
access to the nearest PWD Holding
Point
Escape Route
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Corridor width at least 1200mm
The corridor serving as escape route shall have a minimum width of 1200mm
Escape Route
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Minimum 1.2m
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Escape Route
The requirement for travel distance similar
to that stipulated in the Fire Code (see Table 2.2A in the Fire Code).
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Evacuation Lift
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Evacuation Lift
A lift provided for the evacuation of PWD during emergencies assisted by authorized personnel.
Located within a protected lobby such as smoke stop lobby, external exit passageway or external corridor.
Installed in accordance with SS 550 Code of Practice for Installation, Operation and Maintenance of Electric Passenger and Goods Lifts
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Evacuation Lift
Evacuation Lift designated to facilitate
evacuation for PWDs
Fire lift shall not be designated as
evacuation lift unless there is more than 1
fire lift provided in the building
Fire lift intended to provide a vertical means of access for fire fighting and rescue operation
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At least one of the lifts shall be designated as Evacuation Lift
Readily visible sign marked Evacuation Lift for PWDs affixed onto the wall adjacent to the lift door at every landing of the evacuation lift
Evacuation Lift
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Clear platform size of minimum 1200mm
width X 1400 mm
150
max
1200 m in
14
00
min
Min 1200 mm
Min
14
00
mm
Evacuation Lift
Evacuation Lift
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Switching device
installed next to each evacuation lift landing
door on the designated
floor.
housed in a breakable glass-fronted cover box marked evacuation switch.
Evacuation Lift
Evacuation Lift
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Evacuation Lift
Provided with standby power supply
For continuous operation during power failure and/or fire emergencies (routing of cables for
evacuation lift similar to fire lift)
Lift shall Be brought to the designated floor
Park there with its doors closed, after discharging
all the passengers
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Other provision in lieu of lift
Internal and external exit ramps
comply with current Fire Code
cl.2.3.3 (Exit staircase) & cl.2.3.8 (exit
ramp gradient)
Ramp designs conform to
requirements spelled out in Code on Accessibility in the Built Environment
Ramps can serve as alternative means of
escape
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Management of Evacuation
Evacuation procedures have to be pre-planned by the building owner/facilities manager
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Management of Evacuation
The building owner
must plan, identify and make arrangements
for assistance during emergency
keep the following information :
Number of PWDS
Location of the PWDs
Nature of their disabilities
PWD Holding point in which they are allocated.
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Management of Evacuation
Staff designated to help PWD are to be fully trained to execute the evacuation procedures
Horizontal and vertical evacuation procedures to be tested at least once a year.
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Building with Evacuation Lift
Alarm activation
PWDs move or directed to the PWD Holding
Point in the evacuation lift lobby
Trained staff pick
up PWDs from
designated PWD
Holding point and
direct them to the
final exit
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Building without Evacuation Lift
Alarm Activation
PWD move or directed to the PWD Holding
Point inside exit staircase
Trained staff continue
their search
procedure
Completed search
procedure and assist
the PWD down the
stair to the final exit. PWD Holding Point
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To be provided between the PWD holding pointand Fire Command Centre (FCC) or any 24-
hourly manned station In the form of a distress button or voice
communication
Located between 800mm and 1200mm aboveground level
Appropriately labeled Prominently displayed clear instruction sign on its
operation; and
Shall generate a clear visual indication to indicatethat the distress signal has been relayed, when the
device for communication is activated.
Suitable means of communication
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Visual Alarm System
To alert persons with hearing impairment
Location of visual alarm
In isolation spaces Toilet cubicles, car park and lift lobbies.
Designated bedroom in buildings with stay-in facilities such as hotel, service apartments, hostels, dormitories
At least 10% of the guestrooms or accommodation units shall be provided with visual alarm
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Visual Alarm System
Visual alarm devices can take the
form of flashing beacon or strobe
light for use in conjunction with
conventional fire alarm system
Visual indicator to be provided where alarm
bells are located.
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Visual Alarm System
Visual Alarm signal
Intensity of light signal should be
sufficient to draw the attention of
people in the vicinity
Flash at a rate within the range
of 30 to 130 flashes per minute
Visual Alarm Devices Sufficient in number and
distribution to be visible from all
accessible locations
Visual indicator shall be mounted
at appropriate height such that it
is visible from all corners of the
floor
Visual alarm indicating device
shall be labelled with the word
Fire and is legible from the normal standing position
Flashing or strobe lights of visual
alarm system shall be
synchronized with the flash rate
of such multiple fixture
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Appreciation
The following Associations have been invited to comment on the PWD Fire Safety Guidelines:
Handicaps Welfare Association (HWA)
The Society For The Physically Disabled (SPD)
Singapore Association Of The Visually Handicapped (SAVH)
Singapore Association For The Deaf (SADeaf)
Disabled Peoples Association of Singapore
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Thank you
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