fire fighting active system

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ACTIVE FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

• Function :

1- To detect the early stage of fire

2- To give the fire emergency warning

3- To help people rescuing themselves

4- To give an early stage of help.

• 2 types of Active System :

1- Portable

2- Fixed

PORTABLE ACTIVE SYSTEM

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

FIRE BLANKET

FIRE EXTINGUISHER

• A portable fire extinguisher must contain the type of fire extinguishing agent suitable for the fire it is required to extinguish.

• It must also be clearly identifiable by colour coding for its intended purpose.

• Fires can be grouped:

● Solid fuels, e.g. wood, paper, cloth, etc.

● Flammable liquids, e.g. petrol, oil, paints, fats, etc.

● Flammable gases, e.g. methane, propane, acetylene, etc.

● Flammable metals, e.g. zinc, aluminium, uranium, etc.

● Electrical.

FIRE EXTINGUISHER (TYPES)

WATER-

paper,woods&co2 fire

FOAM-flammable

liquids,oils,etc

DRY CHEMICAL/ABC

POWDER-all type of fire

CO2-electrical

fires & flammable

liquids

• Water in pressurized cylinders may be used for carbonaceous fires and these are commonly deployed in offices, schools, hotels, etc.

• Although water is a very good cooling agent, it is inappropriate for some types of fire.

• It is immiscible with oils and is a conductor of electricity.

WATER-PAPER,WOODS&CO2 FIRE

• Foam is formed by chemical reaction between sodium bicarbonate and aluminium sulphate dissolved in water in the presence of a foaming agent.

• When the extinguisher is inverted the chemicals are mixed to create foam under pressure which is forced out of the nozzle.

• Frozen if placed in a cool place.

FOAMFLAMMABLE LIQUIDS,OILS,ETC

• carbon dioxide is pressurised as a liquid inside a cylinder

• Does not impinge/colourless/odourless

• Disadvantages :

- Not refillable

- Unreasonable weighing

CO2-ELECTRICAL FIRES & FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS

• Act more effectively than others

• BUT , just use Once

DRY CHEMICAL / DRY POWDER-ALL TYPE OF FIRE

USING THE FIRE EXTINGUISHER

Pull the pin Aim nozel to

the fire

Squeeze the trigger

Sweep nozel to left and

right

FIRE BLANKET

• They exclude oxygen from the fire

• Effective against small fire

• Widely used in kitchens and welding stops

• Asbestos blanket cause no damage or contamination

FIXED ACTIVE SYSTEM

WET & DRY RISER

FIRE HYDRANTFIRE ALARM

SYSTEMSMOKE / HEAT

DETECTOR

SPRINKLER SYSTEM

DRY RISER & WET RISER SYSTEMDRY RISER WET RISER

DEFINITION System equipped with valves & plumbing that facilitates Fire Brigade pump water to the upper floors.

System equipped with valves and pipes that have a fixed water charges

COMPONENTS -Landing valve-Main inlet connection

-duty/standby pump-hose reel-jockey pump

APPLICATION Height > 30.5m Height < 30.5m

OTHERS -Pipe is always empty-located where users are least likelyto be endangered by the fire

Internal hydrant and water is always in charge.

FIRE HYDRANT• Device located outside the building either intersection

of two streets or two mid way

• It is a fire extinguisher aids manufacture / distribute water from the tap

SPRINKLER SYSTEM• Water sprinklers provide an automatic spray

dedicated to the area of fire outbreak

• Sprinkler heads have temperature sensitive elements that respond immediately to heat

• A rapid response which reduces and isolates fire damage, sprinklers use less water to control a fire than the firefighting service, therefore preventing further damage from excess water.

SPRINKLER SYSTEMINSTALLATION CRITERIA

1- Pipe materials - Copper tube (BS EN 1057)

- Post-chlorinated polyvinylchloride (CPVC)

2- System -mains supplied, wet.

3- Pipe sizes - 25 mm minimum

4- Sprinkler head spacing - area covered by one head, maximum 12 m2 .

5- Maximum distance between heads 4 m.

6- Maximum distance from wall to ceiling mounted head 2 m.

7- Operating pressure - Minimum 0.5 bar (50 kPa).

FIRE ALARM SYSTEM• In addition to, or as an alternative to, automatic

smoke or fire sensing switches, manual break-glass alarm switches can be wall mounted at about 1.5 m above floor level in lobbies, corridors and other common access locations.

• No person should have to travel more than 30 m to use an alarm

• System control unit is an alarm panel which monitors the state of all parts (zones) of the installation. It identifies the point of origin of an alarm, displays this on the panel and communicates this to remote control locations.

DISCUSSION 1

Find what is SMOKE & HEAT DETECTORS and How It Works?

Duration : 45 minutes

ASSIGNMENT 1

Do a personal visit to IFSEC Southeast Asia 2013 that will be held on 11-13 September 2013 at Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre.

Task :

1. Choose at least three type of different Fire Fighting System.

2. Ask the exhibitors How they work ?/What are their specialty ?/ How much the cost ?

3. Write a report regarding the information that you get from the exhibition.

Report’s Requirements :

4. Attach the entry passes as evidence that you had been to the exhibition.

5. Make all the brouchers or templates as References

DEADLINE : 27 SEPTEMBER 2013 (FRIDAY BEFORE 12 NOON)

THIS IS AN INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT