final exam review

Final Exam ReviewMarine Biology January 2014

1

• A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is not affected at all is called ___

• A. commensalism• B. parasitism• C. mutualism• D. predator/prey

• All fish belong in phylum• A. porifera• B. chordata• C. echinodermata• D. arthropoda

• Most of the fish in the world are classified as• A. jawless fish (subclass Agnatha)• B. cartilaginous fish (subclass Chondrichthyes)• C. bony fish (subclass Osteichthyes)

• An salmon is born in a freshwater river, but spends most of its life living in the ocean. It then return to a river to spawn. This is known as being

• A. catadromous• B. anadromous

• Herring are fish that use external fertilization:they spawn in the ocean, leaving fertilized eggs floating and stuck to debris in that area. They leave, and the eggs are left alone until the young fish hatch. This type of reproduction is described as

• A. oviparous• B. oviviviparous• C. viviparous

• Which of the following animals in an echinoderm?• A. barnacle• B. clam• C. sea urchin• D. hermit crab

• Most organisms have blood or another liquid that contains oxygen carrying proteins (called hemolymph in many creatures). Which of the following lacks any type of blood or hemolymph?

• A. Arthropods• B. Mollusks• C. Echinoderms• D. Fish

• Which structure in a fish allows it to sense the electricity in other living organisms?

• A. lateral line• B. swim bladder• C. gills• D. Ampullae of Lorenzini

Identify the digestive gland in the sea star diagram.

a. Ab. Ec. Cd. G

1

• As water freezes, it’s density ___________. This explains why ice floats.

• A. increases• B. decreases

2

• Once, in the history of the earth, all the land was condensed into one continent called _________.

• A. Gondwana • B. Pangaea• C. Laurasia

3

• The tides are actually waves, with extremely long periods. They are caused by the gravitational pull of the ________

• A. sun• B. magnetic poles• C. moon

4

• The invisible temperature line between the surface water of the ocean and the deep ocean is called the ___________

• A. pycnocline• B. thermocline

5

• If you were in a submarine 400m down in the ocean, which was in the process of rising to the surface, and you recorded the temperature of the water as your depth decreased you would find that the temp was ____________.

• A. increasing B. decreasing

6

• Photosynthetic prokaryotes (bacteria) were the first organisms to release _____ to the ocean and atmosphere.

• A. oxygen • B. nitrogen• C. carbon dioxide

8

• During a full moon you would have an exceptionally low, low tide, which is given the label of a __________ tide.

• A. neap • B. diurnal• C. spring• D. semidiurnal

9

• A shoreline has 1 high tide and 1 low tide in 24 hours. This would be called a _________ tide pattern.

• A. mixed semidiurnal• B. semidiurnal• C. diurnal

10

• The diffusion of water is called ________

• A. osmosis• B. hyperosmotic• C. isoosmotic

11

This sea star is reflecting _________ wavelengths of light, which causes it to appear red.

A. GreenB. BlueC. YellowD. Red

12

• Which letter in the drawing below represents the crest of a wave?

A.AB.BC.C

13

• The part/zone of the ocean where light can travel, and coral reefs are found is called the _______ zone.

• A. benthic zone• B. photic zone• C. aphotic zone• D. hadal zone

14

• The part of the diagram below that represent the contintental slope is ____

A. AB. BC. CD. D

16

• The hydrogen and oxygen atoms in a water molecule are held together by ______ bonds.

• A. hydrogen bonds• B. polar covalent bonds• C. ionic bonds

17

• A shoreline that has 2 high tides in 24 hours, but they are not equally high is labeled as having a ______tide pattern.

• A. mixed semidiurnal• B. semidiurnal• C. diurnal

19

• Water has a high heat of ________. This means that it can absorb a large amount of heat before it changes from liquid phase to gas phase.

• A. density• B. surface tension• C. vaporization

21

• The distance that the wind blows touching the surface of the ocean is called _________.

• A. crest• B. trough• C. fetch• D. wavelength

22

• This fish is in a(n) ________ environment.A. HyperosmoticB. HypoosmoticC. Isoosmotic

24

• Identify the intertidal zone on the diagram below.

A. AB. BC. CD. D

25

• Which color/wavelength of light travels the deepest into the oceans?

• A. Yellow• B. Violet• C. Orange• D. Blue

2

• In the ocean the phytoplankton are usually the _______ in a food web.

• A. producers• B. decomposers• C. primary consumers• D. secondary consumers

3

• In classifying organisms the domain that includes all plants, animals, fungi, and protists is _________

• A. Archaea• B. Bacteria• C. Eukarya

4

• All organisms in domain Bacteria belong in the kingdom __________

• A. Animalia• B. archaebacteria• C. eubacteria• D. plantae

5

• Larger swimming organisms in the pelagic zone of the ocean can be called _____

• A. plankton• B. producers• C. nekton• D. decomposers

6

• Any inherited trait that helps an organism survive is called an __________ adaptation.

• A. evolutionary• B. ecological

7

• Organisms that live in the mud at the bottom of the ocean can be labeled _______

• A. plankton• B. benthos• C. nekton• D. producers

9

• “All the organisms of the same type that are able to reproduce and create fertile offspring”

• This is the definition of ________

• A. mutualism• B. a species• C. sexual reproduction

10

• A relationship between two organisms in which both benefit is called __________

• A. commensalism• B. parasitism• C. mutualism• D. predator/prey

11

• Small marine organisms that usually drift with the current and use photosynthesis to make their own food in the photic zone of the ocean are called _______

• A. zooplankton• B. benthos• C. nekton• D. phytoplankton

12

• Which of the following is the correct format of the Latin name of the Yellow fin tuna (shown below) according to the rules of binomial nomenclature?

• A. thannus albacares• B. Thannus Albacares• C. Thannus albacares• D. Thannus albacares

• 14. What type of reproduction do sponges use?

• A. sexual• B. asexual• C. both sexual and asexual

13

The term that simply means “two organisms live together” is __________

• A. commensalism• B. parasitism• C. mutualism• D. symbiosis

• 2. Cephalized animals have a distinct “head” containing many sense structures.

• A. true• B. false

• 3. Lobsters, crabs, and crayfish belong in ORDER ________________.

• A. arthropoda • B. mandibulata• C. crustacea• D. decapoda

• 4. Which animal belongs in Class Meristomata?

• A. crayfish• B. horseshoe crab• C. spider crab

• 5. Which appendages on a crayfish are used for moving?

• A. maxillipeds• B. swimmerets• C. antennules• D. mandibles

• 7. Small crustaceans, such as krill, are considered to be…

• A. herbivores• B. carnivores• C. scavengers• D. filter feeders

• 8. What is the gender of the Blue Crab in the picture below?

• A. male• B. female

• 9. What type of animal below is most closely related to a spider?

• A. lobster• B. blue crab• C. horseshoe crab• D. hermit crab

• 10. What type of circulatory system do arthropods have?

• A. open• B. closed• C. none, they use diffusion

• 11. What type of reproduction do arthropods use?

• A. sexual• B. asexual• C. both sexual and asexual

16

In this food web, the squid is a

a. Producerb. Primary consumerc. Secondary

consumerd. Tertiary consumere. decomposer

• 13. Sponges are considered to be

• A. filter feeders• B. carnivores• C. herbivores• D. scavengers

• 16. What type of symmetry to sponges have?

• A. bilateral• B. radial• C. none aka asymmetry

• 17. The first animals on earth to “invent” the ability to move are

• A. sponges• B. cnidarians• C. arthropods

• 18. How does respiration happen in a cnidarian?

• A. diffusion• B. gills• C. book gills• D. lungs

• 19. How does respiration work for a horseshoe crab?

• A. diffusion• B. gills• C. book gills• D. lungs

• 21. What type of reproduction do cnidarians use?

• A. sexual• B. asexual• C. both sexual and asexual

• 22. What type of fertilization do sponges use?

• A. internal• B. external

• 23. This animal is molting. It’s exoskeleton is made of …

• A. cellulose• B. chitin• C. bone

• 24. Which appendages on arthropods are used for pushing food into the animal’s mouth?

• A. walking legs• B. swimmerets• C. maxillipeds• D. chelipeds

• 25. Cnidocytes are specialized cells in sea anemones (and all other cnidarians) that are used for…

• A. catching food• B. protecting themselves from enemies• C. moving in the water• D. both A and B• E. A, B, and C

• 27. This animal belongs in Phylum _________.

• A. Porifera • B. Cnidaria• C. Arthropoda

14

• Small, often non-swimming, organisms in the ocean that are NOT photosynthetic are called _______

• A. zooplankton• B. benthos• C. nekton• D. phytoplankton

15

• The changes an organism makes in it’s lifestyle to deal with changes in the environment are called _______ adaptations.

• A. evolutionary• B. ecological

17

Which pair of organisms are the MOST closely related?

a. Eel and lizard fish

b. Sturgeon and Eel

c. Catfish and herring

18

• A relationship in which one organism benefits and the other is hurt or killed in the process is called ________

• A. commensalism• B. parasitism• C. mutualism• D. predator/prey