fate of trace metals in soils after land application of
Post on 14-Feb-2017
217 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN SOILS AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF
DIGESTATE
Supervisor: Dr. Hab. Eric van Hullebusch
Co-supervisor: Dr. David Huguenot
Prof. Gilles Guibaud
Prof. Giovanni Esposito
Dr. Yoan Pechaud
MARIE SKŁODOWSKA-CURIE EUROPEAN JOINT DOCTORATE IN ADVANCED BIOLOGICAL WASTE-TO-ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES (ABWET)
PhD student: Andreina Laera
07-09-2016
VALORIZATION OF DIGESTATE AS FERTILIZER FOR SOILS
TRACE METALS IN THE DIGESTATE
METHODOLOGIES TO STUDY TRACE METALS
AVAILABILITY
SOCIETAL AND INDUSTRIAL IMPACT OF THIS RESEARCH
CONTENT OF THE PRESENTATION
SOIL FERTILITY
9.500 BC Post second world war period0 Today
3
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
1.200 BC
Valorization of digestate as fertilizer for soils
4
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Land
Agriculture and livestock
Organic waste, manure, crops
Anaerobic digestion
Digestate
Biogas
Characteristics of the digestate
5
Organic wastes
Digestate
Digestate + soil
The digestate inherit the chemical properties of the substrates
Nkoa, R. (2014). Agronomy for Sustainable Development, 34(2), 473–492.Risberg, K. (2015). Quality and function of anaerobic digestion residues. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala.
The microbial biomass, macronutrients and micronutrients content of the digestate can improve the agronomic characteristic of soils
6
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Pathogens
N2ONH3
Physical contaminants Heavy metals and
organic pollutants
Risks related to the land application of digestate
7
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Product residue must meet the following condition in order to be considered a by-product:
• Further use of the substance or object is certain;
• The substance or object can be used directly without any further processing other than normal industrial practice;
• The substance or object is produced as an integral part of a production process; and
• Further use is lawful, i.e. the substance or object fulfils all relevant product, environmental and health-protection requirements forthe specific use and will not lead to overall adverse environmental or human health impacts.
European regulations
Waste framework Directive (2008/98/EC)
Guidelines on the interpretation of key provisions of Directive 2008/98/EC on wasteAl Seadi and Lukehurst (2012). Quality management of digestate from biogas plants used as fertilizer.
National regulations
Legislation on digestate:• Pathogen control• Limit values of heavy metals per hectare agricultural land or per type of soil
8
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Trace metals in digestate
Organic wastes, manure
DIGESTATE
inp
ut
Zn
Fe
Mg
Mn
Ni
Co
Cu
Fe
Ni
Co
Supplement in anaerobic digester
Rintala et al. (2010). Valorisation of food waste to biogas.
9
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Trace metals in digestate
DM: dry matterMTT1, MTT2: substrates derived from Maa Ja Elintarviketalouden Tutkimuskeskus in Finland. The substrate is food waste.R1, R2, R3, R4: samples of digestate deriving from different anaerobic digesters. The substrate is vegetable waste + waste activatedsludge.F2: samples of digestate deriving from 2-phase anaerobic digester. The substrate is organic fraction of municipal solid waste.
Rintala et al. (2010). Valorisation of food waste to biogas.
10
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Trace metals in digestate
Ni: 0.47 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 42.39 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Zn: 28.2 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 1099 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Mn: 8.8 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 283.7 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Co: 0.14 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 31.28 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Rintala et al. (2010). Valorisation of food waste to biogas.
11
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Trace metals in digestate
Pb: 0.20 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 99.21 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Hg: 0.05 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 2.49 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Cd: 0.02 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 1.50 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
Cr: 1.09 mg kg-1 DM before digestion -> 37.29 mg kg-1 DM after digestion
12
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Soil as a sink of trace metals
Digestate
SOIL
Zn
Mg
Mn
Cu
Fe
Ni
Co
What is the fate of trace metals?
13
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Fate of trace metals in the soil
Interactive processes in the soil system affecting the partitioning of trace metals between the aqueous and
solid phases. (Adopted from :Adriano, D.C. (2001))
Adriano, D.C. (2001). Trace elements in terrestrial environments: Biogeochemistry, Bioavailability, and Risks of Metals. 2ed. Springer Verlag, New York
Methodologies to study trace metals availability
14
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Sequential extraction
Filgueiras et al. (2002). Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM, 4, 823-857
15
Operationally defined fraction
Extractant
Exchangeable
Acid soluble(carbonate)
Easily reducible(Mn oxides)
Easily oxidisable(humic and fulvic acids)
Moderately reducible(amorphous and Fe
oxides)
Oxidisable(oxides+sulphide)
Poorly reducible oxides(crystalline Fe oxides)
ResidualResidual
MET
AL
MO
BIL
ITY
CaCl2, MgCl2, NH4OAc, BaCl2
HOAc, NaOAc
NH2OH, HCl
K2P2O7, NaOCl
NH4Ox/HOx, NH2OH, HCl/ HOAc
H2O2, H2O2/NH4OAc
DCB, NH4Ox/AA
HF, HF+NHO3
LEAC
HA
NT STR
ENG
TH
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Modified Tessier method
Elements are divided into four fractions:
• Exchangeable
• Bound to carbonates
• Bound to organic matter and sulphides
• Residual
Revised BCR method
Elements are divided into four fractions:
• Exchangeable associated with water and the acid soluble phase
• Bound to iron and manganese oxides (the reducible phase)
• Bound to organic matter and sulphides (the oxidisablephase)
• Residual
Sequential extraction methods
van Hullebusch et al. (2005). Talanta, 65, 549–558 16
BCR: Community Bureau of Reference
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
Societal and industrial impact of this research
17
FATE OF TRACE METALS IN THE SOIL AFTER LAND APPLICATION OF DIGESTATE (ABWET DOCTORATE PROJECT)
• This research study on mobility and bioavailability of trace metals inthe environment can help to assess whether trace metals in digestatewill exert a nutritious or toxic effect on plants and associated soilmicroorganisms.
• The utilization of the digestate as amendment for agricultural soilsenable the re-circulation of nutrients back to arable land.
• A careful selection of substrates can guarantee the suitability of usingdigestate as amendment for soils. As a consequence, the willingnessof farmers to use digestate as soil amender would increase.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Zn
N Fe
P
Mg
Mn Ni
CoCa
K
Cu
top related