extending the occi api with monitoring capabilities

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto Ciuffoletti

OCCI MonitoringExtending the OCCI API with monitoring capabilities

Augusto Ciuffoletti

Dept. of Computer Science - Univ. of Pisa

September 13, 2013

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMotivation

I SLA is a defined target to obtain user confidence

I SLA is tightly related with monitoring, so we start fromcloud monitoring

I The user may be in its turn a service provider (insidemonitoring)

I The user may simply want to verify the quality of theservice (outside monitoring)

I In both cases, the user needs the tools to defineresource monitoring

I Keep into account the case of a composite service(many providers)

I A simple API aligned with OCCI

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I Monitoring is made of three basic activities

I extract operational parameters from a ResourceI gather the operational parameters to obtain the

measure of a metric of interestI deliver the measurement to the relevant party

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I Monitoring is made of three basic activitiesI extract operational parameters from a Resource

I gather the operational parameters to obtain themeasure of a metric of interest

I deliver the measurement to the relevant party

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I Monitoring is made of three basic activitiesI extract operational parameters from a ResourceI gather the operational parameters to obtain the

measure of a metric of interest

I deliver the measurement to the relevant party

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I Monitoring is made of three basic activitiesI extract operational parameters from a ResourceI gather the operational parameters to obtain the

measure of a metric of interestI deliver the measurement to the relevant party

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAggregate and deliver

I Distiguished activities that need the provision ofcomputing, storage, networking resources

I Tightly integrated, under control of the provider

I Candidate for the introduction of a new kind ofresource: the Sensor

I The user that wants to exert monitoring instantiates(and pays for) a Sensor

I Note: a cost is associated to the Sensor, although thisis not explicit in the definition of monitoring

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAggregate and deliver

I Distiguished activities that need the provision ofcomputing, storage, networking resources

I Tightly integrated, under control of the provider

I Candidate for the introduction of a new kind ofresource: the Sensor

I The user that wants to exert monitoring instantiates(and pays for) a Sensor

I Note: a cost is associated to the Sensor, although thisis not explicit in the definition of monitoring

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAggregate and deliver

I Distiguished activities that need the provision ofcomputing, storage, networking resources

I Tightly integrated, under control of the provider

I Candidate for the introduction of a new kind ofresource: the Sensor

I The user that wants to exert monitoring instantiates(and pays for) a Sensor

I Note: a cost is associated to the Sensor, although thisis not explicit in the definition of monitoring

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAggregate and deliver

I Distiguished activities that need the provision ofcomputing, storage, networking resources

I Tightly integrated, under control of the provider

I Candidate for the introduction of a new kind ofresource: the Sensor

I The user that wants to exert monitoring instantiates(and pays for) a Sensor

I Note: a cost is associated to the Sensor, although thisis not explicit in the definition of monitoring

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAggregate and deliver

I Distiguished activities that need the provision ofcomputing, storage, networking resources

I Tightly integrated, under control of the provider

I Candidate for the introduction of a new kind ofresource: the Sensor

I The user that wants to exert monitoring instantiates(and pays for) a Sensor

I Note: a cost is associated to the Sensor, although thisis not explicit in the definition of monitoring

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by time

I The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurementI During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by timeI The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurementI During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by timeI The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurement

I During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by timeI The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurementI During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by timeI The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurementI During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiBasic functions

I The monitoring function is controlled by timeI The native attributes of a Sensor are:

I How frequently it produces a new measurementI During which time lapse it performs the measurements

I Too many variants for aggregation/delivery:OCCI-mixins

I Mixins are classified using tags (sort of subtyping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling period

I The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiExtract measurements

I This is an ability that a sensor has with respect to a realresource

I Capability of extracting measurements (e.g., throughresource instrumentation)

I This is represented as a collector link from the sensor tothe resource

I The generic attributes of a collector correspond to thesampling period:

I The sampling periodI The accuracy of the sampling period

I OCCI-mixins are introduced to specify the measurementtechnique used

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector links

aggregator specific for sensor resourcespublisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiMixin sub-typing: the tags

I According with the OCCI core specification a mixin withno attributes (a tag) can be associated to another mixinas a sort of label

I Syntactic and semantic restrictions can be introducedfor mixins with a certain label, thus supporting aspecification

I By defining tagged mixins, the provider describes themonitoring capabilities offered to the user

I Next slides describe three such tags:

metric specific for collector linksaggregator specific for sensor resources

publisher specific for sensor resources

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe metric tag

I The tag metric is associated with a measurementtechnique, and is related with a collector link;

I The mixin that has the metric tag has the followingattributes:

metric attribute strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

control attributes used to control the measurementprocess (e.g. packet length of a ping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe metric tag

I The tag metric is associated with a measurementtechnique, and is related with a collector link;

I The mixin that has the metric tag has the followingattributes:

metric attribute strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

control attributes used to control the measurementprocess (e.g. packet length of a ping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe metric tag

I The tag metric is associated with a measurementtechnique, and is related with a collector link;

I The mixin that has the metric tag has the followingattributes:

metric attribute strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

control attributes used to control the measurementprocess (e.g. packet length of a ping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe metric tag

I The tag metric is associated with a measurementtechnique, and is related with a collector link;

I The mixin that has the metric tag has the followingattributes:

metric attribute strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

control attributes used to control the measurementprocess (e.g. packet length of a ping)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe aggregator tag

I the tag aggregator is associated with a mixin thatimplements an algorithm for monitoring dataaggregation

I an aggregator mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with the aggregator tag are characterized by:

input attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to input measurement streams

control attributes that are parameters for theaggregation function (e.g. the gain in anEWMA)

metric attributes strings that are used as an identifier torefer to the output measurement stream

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe publisher tag

I the tag publisher is associated with a mixin thatimplements a technique to deliver the data outside themonitoring infrastructure

I a publisher mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with a publisher tag are characterized by:

input attribute a string that is used as an identifier torefer to input measurement stream

control attributes that are parameters for the publishingfunction (e.g. the UDP port that is usedfor streaming)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe publisher tag

I the tag publisher is associated with a mixin thatimplements a technique to deliver the data outside themonitoring infrastructure

I a publisher mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with a publisher tag are characterized by:

input attribute a string that is used as an identifier torefer to input measurement stream

control attributes that are parameters for the publishingfunction (e.g. the UDP port that is usedfor streaming)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe publisher tag

I the tag publisher is associated with a mixin thatimplements a technique to deliver the data outside themonitoring infrastructure

I a publisher mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with a publisher tag are characterized by:

input attribute a string that is used as an identifier torefer to input measurement stream

control attributes that are parameters for the publishingfunction (e.g. the UDP port that is usedfor streaming)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe publisher tag

I the tag publisher is associated with a mixin thatimplements a technique to deliver the data outside themonitoring infrastructure

I a publisher mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with a publisher tag are characterized by:

input attribute a string that is used as an identifier torefer to input measurement stream

control attributes that are parameters for the publishingfunction (e.g. the UDP port that is usedfor streaming)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe publisher tag

I the tag publisher is associated with a mixin thatimplements a technique to deliver the data outside themonitoring infrastructure

I a publisher mixin is related with a sensor resource

I the mixin with a publisher tag are characterized by:

input attribute a string that is used as an identifier torefer to input measurement stream

control attributes that are parameters for the publishingfunction (e.g. the UDP port that is usedfor streaming)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe role of metric and input attributes

I they describe the flow of monitoring data

I their values are unique identifiers in a scopecorresponding to a sensor and all outgoing collectors

I the provider is free to implement the transport of themeasurement stream in the most convenient way

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe role of metric and input attributes

I they describe the flow of monitoring data

I their values are unique identifiers in a scopecorresponding to a sensor and all outgoing collectors

I the provider is free to implement the transport of themeasurement stream in the most convenient way

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiThe role of metric and input attributes

I they describe the flow of monitoring data

I their values are unique identifiers in a scopecorresponding to a sensor and all outgoing collectors

I the provider is free to implement the transport of themeasurement stream in the most convenient way

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiShortcuts for simple use cases

I here metric mixin, can be associated directly to themonitored resource and has a web service interface

I a tagged mixin can be associated with a genericresource or link, avoiding the definition of a sensor orcollector

I shortcuts effectively help very simple use cases, but aregenerally a source of inefficiency and complexity

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiShortcuts for simple use cases

I here metric mixin, can be associated directly to themonitored resource and has a web service interface

I a tagged mixin can be associated with a genericresource or link, avoiding the definition of a sensor orcollector

I shortcuts effectively help very simple use cases, but aregenerally a source of inefficiency and complexity

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiShortcuts for simple use cases

I here metric mixin, can be associated directly to themonitored resource and has a web service interface

I a tagged mixin can be associated with a genericresource or link, avoiding the definition of a sensor orcollector

I shortcuts effectively help very simple use cases, but aregenerally a source of inefficiency and complexity

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

The resources we want to monitor

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Create one Sensor resource

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Use two collectors to define the measurement activiy

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Associate two metric mixins to the Collector X

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

And another two metric mixins to the Collector Y

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Associate two aggregator mixins to the Sensor

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

One publisher is going to use raw data from the collector

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Another is going to receive measurements from theaggregators

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

A frame for Collector X and its mixins

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

... one for Collector Y...

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

... one for the sensor

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

The scope of the Sensor (for metric streams ids)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Feeding the aggregators: a,b,d are measurement stream ids

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Feeding publisher 2: aggregated (f,g) and raw data (e)

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiStep by step design of a monitoring infrastructure

Feeding publisher 1: measurement stream b is multicast

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAlso in the document

I Conformance profiles: to accomodate the presence ofproviders that do not implement a monitoring interface

I Security issues

I A detailed example using the http rendering

I ...and several bugs.

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAlso in the document

I Conformance profiles: to accomodate the presence ofproviders that do not implement a monitoring interface

I Security issues

I A detailed example using the http rendering

I ...and several bugs.

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAlso in the document

I Conformance profiles: to accomodate the presence ofproviders that do not implement a monitoring interface

I Security issues

I A detailed example using the http rendering

I ...and several bugs.

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAlso in the document

I Conformance profiles: to accomodate the presence ofproviders that do not implement a monitoring interface

I Security issues

I A detailed example using the http rendering

I ...and several bugs.

OCCI Monitoring

Augusto CiuffolettiAlso in the document

I Conformance profiles: to accomodate the presence ofproviders that do not implement a monitoring interface

I Security issues

I A detailed example using the http rendering

I ...and several bugs.

That’s all...