expt. 1 measurement, uncertainties and errors
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Errors, Uncertainties, and
Measurement
Experiment 1
Physics
The Nature of Physics
Physics has developed out of the efforts
of men and women to explain our physical
environment.
Physics encompasses a remarkable
variety of phenomena:
planetary orbits
radio and TV waves
magnetism
lasers
many more!
The Nature of Physics
Physics predicts how nature will behave
in one situation based on the results of
experimental data obtained in another
situation.
Newton’s Laws → Rocketry
Maxwell’s Equations → Telecommunications
Units
Physics experiments involve the measurement
of a variety of quantities.
These measurements should be accurate and
reproducible.• The unit of measurement should not change
• The unit of measurement can easily be duplicated
The first step in ensuring accuracy and
reproducibility is defining the units in which
the measurements are made.
Units
SI units
meter (m): unit of length
kilogram (kg): unit of mass
second (s): unit of time
Units
Units
Units
Errors, Uncertainties, and
Measurement
Experiment 1
Experiment 1: Errors, Uncertainties, and Measurement
Uncertainty: doubt in measurement
Degree of uncertainty:
1. Accuracy
2. Precision
Error: deviation from standard or accepted value
Sources of error:
1. Systematic error
2. Random error
Main Scale Reading : 27 mm
Vernier Scale Reading :
Notes on Significant Figures
Experiment 1: Errors, Uncertainties, and Measurement
Vernier caliper
Experiment 1: Errors, Uncertainties, and Measurement
Micrometer caliper
3
3
4
:
rV
Volume
n
diameterdiametermean
diametermeanreadingd
deviation
:
n
dda
deviationAverage
..
:
n
daDA
meantheofdeviationAverage
....
:
Volume
mass
100%
S
SEError
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