export champion and bazaar economy? how germany is coping with globalization 13 september 2006 7th...
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Export champion and Bazaar economy? How Germany is coping with globalization
13 September 20067TH OECD INTERNATIONAL TRADE STATISTICS
EXPERT MEETING (ITS)Dr. Claudia Wörmann
Germany in international competition
Export
Export quota 2005: 40 % (1990: 25 %)engineering: 75 %automotive industry: 70 %chemical industry: 70 %
International sales
DAX-30 74 % German Mittelstand:
Herrenknecht: 92 %Kässbohrer: 95 %
Germany in international competition
Internationalization strategies
Cost reduction / rationalization
Relocation
Reorganization of the value chain
Complementary production
Germany in international competition
German economic trends
Germany’s industrial production base is declining
“Made in Germany” is no longer originally produced in Germany
Transformation from a production site into a commercial hub
Bazaar economy: Statistical evidence and indications
industrial share in the economic value added: 1991: 25 % ↓ 2004: 21 %
vertical integration1991: 39 % ↓ 2004: 34 %
foreign share of intermediate inputs 1995: 20 % ↑ 2000: 26 %
import share of exports 1991: 26 % ↑ 2005: 42 %
• engineering: 30.9 %• chemical industry: 51.7%• automotive industry: 37.0 %
Bazaar economy:Shrinking manufacturing sector
Relationship between manufacturing industry and industry-related services
Outsourcing
Product support services
Boundaries between the sectors are fading
Bazaar economy:An international phenomenon
1995Im
port
sha
re o
f exp
orts
Trade openness index
Bazaar economy:An international phenomenon
2000
Trade openness index
Impo
rt s
hare
of e
xpor
ts2000
Bazaar economy: Export-induced value added
German gross value added, in terms of merchandise exports: 1995: 2005:
13.7 % ↑ 20 %
• automotive industry: 2.4 % ↑ 4.3 %• engineering: 2.5 % ↑ 3.3 %• chemical industry: 2.0 % ↑ 2.2 %
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