evolution of drawing as an engineering discipline

Evolution of Drawing as an engineering discipline

presented to Dr. MA Rashid Sarkar

Aashique Alam Rezwan

presented by Anindya Sundar Paul, 07 Md. Sadun Haq, 41

Drawing

ENGINEERING

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DRAWING

Drawing

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DRAWING a language a method for communication

Drawing

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Engineering Drawing

ENGINEERING DRAWING is a medium or language for

communication between various people involved in design and manufacturing process

of machines, buildings, vehicles etc.

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HISTORY

History

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When did it all start? Where did it come from? What’s its origin?

Let’s find out!

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CLASSIC ERA

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Classic Era

Chaldean Engineer

GUDEA

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Classic Era Gudea

2130 BC

floor plan of a fortress

inscribed on stone

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Classic Era

Roman Architect and Engineer

VITRUVIUS 80 BC – 15 BC

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Classic Era Vitruvius

De Architectura

drawings of buildings, temples, weapons

antique machineries

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

Greek

house

plan

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

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Classic Era Vitruvius De Architectura

Drainage Wheel

used in mines discovered at

Rio Tinto, Spain

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Classic Era Vitruvius

also studied on the geometry of human body

(later depicted by Leonardo da Vinci)

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Classic Era

lot more drawings were made unluckily none of those could

survive to the present era

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GOTHIC ERA

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Gothic Era

VILLARD DE HONNECOURT

13th Century

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

some sketches were found in Honnecourt’s sketch book

but they didn’t demonstrate any feature of technical drawing

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the sketches demonstrate a range of ephemera

from the world of cathedrals

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the sketches seem partial and lack explicit

orthographic views or dimensions

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Gothic Era Villard de Honnecourt

the drawings were more gothic iconic than

modern mechanical

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Gothic Era

GUIDO DA VIGEVANO

1280 - 1349

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Gothic Era Guido da Vigevano

book of siege engine designs 1335

reveals importance of these drawings as a tool for attracting patronage

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Gothic Era Guido da Vigevano

Crank Wagon first of its kind

considered to be the first car

uses force generated by a windmill

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Gothic Era

masons who actually constructed had their own documentary conventions

due to lack of common dimensioning process

the design drawings were highly abstract

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RENAISSANCE ERA

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Renaissance Era

TACCOLA 1382 - 1453 early renaissance

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Piston Pump use of perspective to

accurately portray inventions and machines

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Animal Powered Machine

very clear use of shading to define perspective

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Renaissance Era Taccola

Vitruvian Man

Overbalanced Wheel

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Renaissance Era Taccola

used drawing not as a

means of documentation

rather as a way of iterating

through design possibilities

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Renaissance Era

FRANCESCO DI GIORGIO MARTINI

Military Engineer

1439 – 1502

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Renaissance Era Giorgio Martini

executed many

architectural designs which

were found in his book

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Renaissance Era

LEONARDO DA VINCI

1452 - 1519

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

first evidence of modern

engineering drawing

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

features like

exploded views

assembly drawings

detailed cutaways

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci Some of his works

Fly Machine Vitruvian Man

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Renaissance Era Leonardo da Vinci

the documentation

almost resembles

modern engineering drawing

and documentation process

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Renaissance Era

Albrecht Dürer

1471 - 1528

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Renaissance Era Albrecht Dürer

features like projected views were absent in

Leonardo da Vinci’s drawings whereas they were

present in Albrecht Dürer’s drawings

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Renaissance Era

despite the beauty and the technical

features, drawings of this era lacked some

crucial features like dimensioning

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INDUSTRIAL ERA

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Industrial Era

GASPARD MONGE 1746 - 1818

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Industrial Era Gaspard Monge

developed a geometrical approach for determining the

true shape of planes of intersection between

generated forms

thus set up the base for orthographic views

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Industrial Era

SIR JOHN HERSCHEL

1792 - 1871

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Industrial Era Sir John Herschel

discovered blueprint in 1840

introduced in USA

in 1876

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Industrial Era

Drafting Machine

invented in 1920 drawing parallel lines angled lines became

really fast

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COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING (CAD)

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Computer Aided Drafting

COMPUTER AIDED DRAFTING is a software that allows us to

do engineering drawing in the computer, saving cost and

instrument space

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Computer Aided Drafting

EUCLID of ALEXANDRIA

350 BC

todays CAD softwares are built upon

euclidean geometry

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Computer Aided Drafting

Sketch Pad early 1960s

developed by Ivan Sutherland

first true CAD software

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Computer Aided Drafting

CATIA

French aerospace company Avions Marcel Dassault

began developing CATIA (Computer Aided Three Dimensional Interactive

Application)

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Computer Aided Drafting

AutoCAD IBM first introduced pc in 1981 and AutoDesk was founded in 1982 they demonstrated the

first CAD for pc “AutoCAD Version 1”

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Computer Aided Drafting

3D Sketchpad Pro/Engineer in 1987 Parametric

Technology Corp. took the sketchpad idea and

developed 3d sketchpad with lightpen

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Computer Aided Drafting

Mechanical Desktop released by

AutoDesk in 1996 first full-function 3d

solid modeling CAD software

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Computer Aided Drafting

AutoCAD 2000i

first web enabled CAD software

provided the ability to output drawings that could be viewed with

a web browser

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Computer Aided Drafting

Rapid Prototyping

group of techniques used to quickly

fabricate a scale model of a physical

part or assembly using 3d CAD data

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Computer Aided Drafting

3D Printing CAD designs are used

to directly print 3d objects using 3d printers

users can design and

print according to their own demand

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Computer Aided Drafting

this is how it was

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Computer Aided Drafting

this is how it is

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THANK YOU