everything is miscellaneous
Post on 07-Dec-2014
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Overview• The author• Key messages
– Discussion about the book• Implications for education
– Discussion• Conclusion and activity
About• Co-author of the best-seller The Cluetrain Manifesto, The author of the critically-
acclaimed Small Pieces Loosely Joined: A Unified Theory of the Web. • He has a fellowship at Harvard Law's Berkman Center for the Internet & Society• Has been published in a wide variety of journals, including Wired, Harvard Business
Review, The New York Times, Smithsonian, The Guardian...even TV Guide.• Was Senior Internet Advisor to the Howard Dean campaign• Called a "marketing guru" by the Wall Street Journal• Is a strategic marketing consultant to big name companies, as well as to small,
innovative ones.• Wrote gags for Woody Allen for seven years• Has a Ph.D. in philosophy and was a college professor for 6 years• Has been a frequent commentator on National Public Radio's All Things Considered• Writes a column for Knowledge Management World and Il Sole 24 ore • Is a well-known blogger • Has been a dot-com entrepreneur and serves on the advisory boards of some well-
known and some not-yet-known tech companies• Is frequently cited by national and international news media • Lives in Boston
Hello
“Hello! Thanks for discussing my book. I'm eager to see what you makeof it, especially since it is fairly open-ended. (My email isself@evident.com. Don't hesitate!)
Best,
David W.”
Key messages
• The laws around things change when they become digital
• Filter on the way out, not the way in• Categorisation is doomed• Bottom up is the only way to cope
Information & the physical
“In a physical store, ease of access to information can be measured with a pedometer”
Cf.
Things we take for granted
• In physical space, some things are nearer than others• Physical objects can only be in one place at one time• Physical space is shared• Human physical abilities are limited• Organisation needs to be orderly and neat
The music industry analogy
The music industry analogy
"For decades we've been buying albums. We thought it was for artistic reasons, but it was really because the economics of the physical world required it: Bundling songs into long-playing albums lowered the production, marketing, and distribution costs ... As soon as music went digital, we learned that the natural unit of music is the track.
What does the record company do?• Market• Find/Filter• Produce physical product• Handle logistics required for physical product
And when it goes digital?
Users handle logistics
Users share
Artists produce cheaply
Artists sell directly
Social services provide filter function
Conc: why do we need a record industry?
The importance of categories
In the physical world categories matter
“We invest so much time in making sure our world isn’t miscellaneous in part because disorder is inefficient”
“We’ve been raised as experts at keeping our physical environment well ordered, but our homespun ways of maintaining order are going to break”
Scale changes things
Conclusion: “The solution to the overabundance of information is more information”
Things in multiple places
1st gen – we mapped physical, we put files in folders
2nd gen – we use multiple terms to describe files and search
The same thing can be in several places at once
Libraries – books can only be in one category, because they’re physical
The order of order
1st order – need to organise the objects themselves
2nd order – physical objects separate info from actual object, e.g. catalog
3rd order – digital, content and its info
“We have entire industries built on the fact that the paper order severely limits how things can be organised. Museums, educational curricula, newspapers, the travel industry, and television schedules are all based on the assumption that in the 2nd order world we need experts to go through information, ideas, and knowledge and put them neatly away”
Amazon vs. Libraries
The absurdity of the Dewey system
There is no perfect classification
Physical limitations
Have to learn a system
A whole range of metrics and paths
There is your classification
No limitations
The system learns about you
New classification
“Classification is a power struggle – it is political – because the first two orders of order require that there be a winner”
Tagging – use any terms that are useful to you
Folksonomies – bottom up taxonomy
Data mining – we find relationships between item
Four new strategies
Filter on the way out, not the way in
Put each leaf on as many branches as possible
Everything is metadata and everything can be a label
Give up control
Discussion
Michael Wesch video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-4CV05HyAbM
Do you agree with Weinberger’s analysis?
What are the important messages?
For education
Wikipedia vs Britannica
Digg vs Newspapers
Stumbleupon vs Journals
Is it an either/or?
Granularity
Size of courses
Size of publications
Socially constructed knowledge
“Our children are doing their homework socially even though they’re graded and tested as if they’re doing their work in isolation booths”
Assessment
What are we teaching?
Messiness
Education is about order, filtering stuff out
But in the 3rd order the more you add the greater the value, because you can’t predict use
What sort of content do we produce, promote, reward
Authority
The removal of the filter
Democratisation of authority
Can the new metrics be cheated?
Are they more reliable than the old ones?
A small example
Weinberger, D. (2007) Everything is miscellaneous: The power of the new digital disorder. Times books.
““Classification is a power struggle – it is political – because the first two orders of order require that there be a winner”
ISBN-13 9780805080438
Discussion
What do the four strategies mean for education:
Filter on the way out, not the way in
Put each leaf on as many branches as possible
Everything is metadata and everything can be a label
Give up control
ActivityWrite 3 words that describe the book
Social construction via Twitter
Let’s cloud tag it! http://tagcrowd.com/
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