events critical to the creation of the arab-israeli dilemma
Post on 12-Jan-2015
1.660 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
Critical Events that led to the Creation of the Arab-Israeli Dilemma
“Menu” for your DBQMr. Gibbs
Winter 2009
WWI
• The Battle lines were drawn at the start of the 20th Century
• The matchup we are concerned about in regards to Palestine is– Great Britain and France vs. Russia, Germany and
the Ottoman Empire
Nationalism and Liberalism
• The two concepts introduced to the rest of the world by France
• Nationalism – a country of the people, with permanent borders and a democratic government
• Liberalism – improvements to our society is possible through education and reform
The Kitchener Letter
• The messy break up of Islam • The Arabs declare their independence from
the Ottoman Empire and turn their support towards Great Britain
• Why? The Turks had driven Islam into the ground - The Arabs want an independent state of their own – the caliph to rule once again
The Thrice Promised Land
• The Husayn-McMahon Letters• The Balfour Declaration• The Sykes-Picot Agreement
The Husayn-McMahon Letters
• Correspondences between the British Government and Arab leaders from Mecca/Medina
• The British promise Palestine to the Arabs as part of their “independent Arab kingdom”
• Why? To gain support from the Arabs in WWI
The Balfour Declaration
• The British Government’s Promise of a national home for Jews in Palestine
• Why? To gain favor from the rest of the world
The Sykes-Picot Agreement
• The agreement with the French that divided up key land in the Middle East between the:
• French: Syria, Lebanon• British: Iraq, Transjordan and most
importantly, Palestine
• These territories would become “Mandates”
Mandate over Palestine
• The British rule Palestine directly – and are stuck between a rock and a hard place…
• Do we appoint a Jewish leader? Or an Arab?
• Uh oh.
Zionism
• “Next year in Jerusalem”• Theodore Herzl – The Jewish State• Anti-Semitism• First Zionist Congress• National anthem, flag, etc.• 25K to 80K
Anti-Semitism
• Pogroms in Russia
• Spreading throughout Europe
• Adds fuel to the Zionist movement
Population graphs
• As seen in your AID Sourcebook
• 450K more Jews into Palestine
• Still the minority – 30%
Birth of organized Terrorism in Palestine
• Led to a massive headache for the British who were trying to keep the peace as best they could
• Attacks on the British by both sides
• The British are “exhausted”
White Papers
• As a way to gain support from the Arabs in the imminent WWII
• Limits the number of Jewish immigrants into Palestine to 75K in the next 5 years….then no more after that.
• Why? To gain support from the Arabs in WWII
Holocaust
• 6 million Jews murdered
• Led to worldwide sympathy for a Jewish Homeland
• Led to more Jewish immigrants into Palestine
The United States
• The United States enter into the conflict by encouraging the British to ignore the white papers and allow Holocaust survivors passage into the Jewish settlements in Palestine
Arab League
• Now the independent Arab countries have an organized political front
• Levels the playing field - politically
UN Partition Plan
• A 2 state solution
• Jerusalem becomes an internationally governed zone
• Jews and Arabs living side by side
Creation of Israel
• The official establishment of a Jewish homeland in Palestine
• Immediately recognized by the US and Russia
• Neighboring Arabs were not as welcoming
Law of Return
• States that any Jew, from anywhere in the world, can return to Israel and be granted immediate full citizenship
• This Law set forth by the Knesset – the Israeli Government
4 Wars
• The War of 1948-49• The Suez War of 1956• The Six Day War• The War of Yom Kippur
The War of 1948-49
• Gaza and the West Bank were now under Egypt and Jordanian Power
• Jerusalem was split into East and West
• The land formerly known as “Palestine” ceases to exist
The Suez War of 1956
• Nasser
• A “victory” for the Arab World
The Six Day War
• Changes everything…..
• West Bank and Gaza Strip now “occupied”
• Israel also pushes all the way to the Suez Canal
• Israel occupies Golan Heights
The War of Yom Kippur
• Egypt’s last stand – they “split up” with the Arab nations….tail between their legs
Emergence of Egypt
Changing Borders
• The Absorption of Arabs• “The Israeli Dilemma”
top related