evaluation of prototype fish passage structures in the lower granite dam juvenile fish bypass system...

Evaluation of prototype fish passage structures in the Lower Granite Dam juvenile fish bypass system – juvenile Pacific lamprey results 2013-2014.

Rod O’Connor1, Scott McCutcheon2, Ryan Richmond2, and Frank Loge3

1 Blue Leaf EnvironmentalEllensburg, WA

3 Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringUniversity of California, Davis

Davis, CA

2 BiomarkBoise, ID

In 2013 USACE installed two prototype passage structures in Gatewell 5A at Lower Granite Dam

In 2014 structures were modified Sharp-crested overflow weir, and Light ring around 14-inch orifice

Test potential passage improvement measures from gatewell into bypass channel

Introduction

Passage structures

Determine effective collection methods at Lower Granite, Little Goose, and Lower Monumental dams

Evaluate PIT tag retention using two different tagging techniques: surgical methods described by Mesa et al. (2011) and injecting PIT tags with a 16-gauge needle.

Measure travel times through JBSIncluding temporary PIT antennas in bypass collection

channel in 2014

Objectives

Fish collected from raceways at JFF Additional lamprey from LGO

and LMN

Release PIT-tagged fishes into Gatewell 5A and bypass collection channel

Passage structures operated one-at-a-time on 24 h cycle

Gatewell residence time PIT antennas in bypass

channel

Travel time from release to first detection at JFF

Gatewell 5AGatewell 5A

Lower Granite JFF

Lower Granite Dam SMP staff collected fish during daily sample BLE staff captured individuals passing the separator at night Most successful collection in the head boxes of raceways

with dip net

8.5 mm L x 1.4 mm Dia PIT 16-gauge needle n=150

Tag retention with two tag sizes and methods – combined results 2013-2014

“Mesa method” 9 mm L x 2.1 mm Dia PIT Scalpel incision 2-3 mm Manually insert PIT n=150

Control group n=100 All held 96 h

Group tagged with 16-gauge needles had one shed tag 5.3% unhealed tagging wounds

Group tagged with scalpels had two shed tags 36.0% unhealed tag wounds

Yearling Chinook vs. juvenile lamprey travel time

Baseline comparison for juvenile lamprey

14" Orifice Light Off

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2014 Bypass collection channel antenna installation

2014 Bypass Channel PIT array criteriaSystem design must not require structural modifications to existing collection

channel. Antennas and associated mounting structures must not significantly alter

passage conditions of fish. Antennas must be ‘bolt on’ for safe and easy installation and removal from

collection channel.Antenna dimensions and housing materials must span the area of the

collection channel and fit through the entryway to the collection channel.Corps requirements for hydraulically acceptable antenna design must be met.

“Stick” testing

Sticks Detected

Sticks Not Detected

Proportion detected

Chi-Square Statistic

Tag Location Total p-value12 mm JBS Channel 79 18 97 0.81 111.6 <0.00018.4 mm JBS Channel 6 91 97 0.06

12 mm JFF Separator 97 0 97 1.0 1.005 0.328.4 mm JFF Separator 96 1 97 0.99

Live fish detection

Species/age class Location

Proportion detected

Yearling Chinook

JBS Channel 0.37JFF Separator 0.99

Juvenile steelhead

JBS Channel 0.45JFF Separator 0.99

Sub-yearling Chinook

JBS Channel 0.47JFF Separator 0.99

Lamprey JBS Channel 0.12JFF Separator 0.92

Summary2013 2014

Qty tagged and released 1,213 753Primary Tag 9mm 8.4mmTagging Methods Scalpel Inject 16 gauge needleHolding/Release Perf buckets/draft tube Perf buckets/draft tubeCollection methods SMP sort, raceways SMP sort, raceways, LGR separator screenRiver flow/run timing “Normal” Bimodal – March and May

ConclusionsJuvenile Lamprey Collection

A combination of SMP daily sample and raceway collection was effective Lesson learned - start at first indication of lamprey presence – we caught tail end of

availability in 2013Flow regime likely drives availability

Tag retention/tagging methodsBoth methods effectiveFaster tagging process and fewer unhealed wounds with 16-gauge needle and 8.5 mm

PIT

Travel time through the JBSMedian travel times for all treatments were less than salmonid travel timesDetection efficiency with 8.5 mm PIT was lower than 12 mm PIT, especially at temp

antennas

Suggestions for future bypass channel studies

• Install multiple antennas downstream of test gatewells to improve overall detection efficiency of PIT-tag detection system. Multiple antennas will help to mitigate for groups of fish passing through the PIT-tag detection system.• Collect system diagnostics without tagged fish in the collection channel to

serve as a baseline for system performance. • Identify fish release protocol into collection channel to minimize potential for

tag collision between groups of released fish and run-at-large PIT-tagged fish.

Acknowledgements

Thanks to the following people for providing assistance:

USACE: Chris Pinney, David Trachtenbarg, Derek Fryer, Mike Halter, Elizabeth Holdren, Ches Brooks, Bill Spurgeon, Rick Weis, Rich Hilt, all the staff in LGR Project Operations

PSMFC: Fred Mensik, Shawn Rapp, Allan Martin, Scott Livingston, Monty Price

NOAA: Tiffani Marsh