etsi tc bran chairman and other fora - bernd friedrichs · 2007-05-10 · ericssonwide internal...
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Broadband Wireless Access Networks – Standardization Activites in ETSI
and other ForaECRR 2007
Bernd FriedrichsEricsson GmbH, GermanyETSI TC BRAN Chairman
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20072
Contents
� Overview– ETSI BRAN (Broadband Radio Access Networks) structure– Global BWA (Broadband Wireless Access) standards
� BRAN Interoperable Standards– HiperAccess, HiperMAN
� BRAN Regulatory Activities
� BRAN Testing– Radio, protocols– Co-operation with WiMAX Forum
� Software Defined Radio
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20073
Global Wireless Standards
IEEE 802.15 Bluetooth
WAN
MAN
LAN
PAN
IEEE 802.11WirelessLAN
HiperLAN/2RLAN
IEEE 802.16 WirelessMAN
HiperMAN
UMTS, EDGE (GSM)
ETSIBRAN
IEEE 802 ETSI
WiFi*
*) Industry fora for promotionand certfication
WiMAX*
UWBRFID
HiperAccess
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20074
BRAN External Relations
ETSI OCG
ETSI TM4
ETSI ERM
HarmonisationCooperation
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20075
ETSI BRAN Structure
PHY
DLC
CL
Testing
ETSI BRAN(Broadband Radio Access Networks)Chairman: Bernd Friedrichs (Ericsson)
HiperLAN/2(High Performance LAN)
Wireless LANat 5 GHz, connection-based,
OFDM, 54 Mbps, QoS
HiperAccess(High Performance Access)
Fixed broadband wirelessPMP system above 11 GHz,
single carrier, 120 Mbps
HiperMAN(High Performance MAN)
Fixed / nomadic broadband wireless PMP system below 11 GHz, OFDM, IP-optimized
PHY
DLC
CL
etc.
PHY
DLC
Profiles
MIB
Regulatory Competence Group
Testing
Spectrum regulatory issues, Harmonized Standards
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20076
TC BRAN – Overview (1 of 3)Interoperable Systems
� Interoperable systems for Broadband Wireless Access (BWA)– HiperAccess (for cellular and hotspot backhauling)– HiperMAN (fixed/nomadic wireless-DSL like system, also for rural areas)– „Interoperability“: to ensure communication between devices from different
vendors
� Major improvements compared to traditional systems due to– adaptive operation– packed-based transmission over the air interface– cross-layer optimization
� ETSI Specifications– Base specifications (PHY layer, DLC layer, management)– Test specifications (radio and protocol conformance)– First publications in 2002 (HA) and 2004 (HM)
� International cooperation
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20077
HiperAccess – General Overview
� Fixed BWA system (FWA)– Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) architecture– High speed (134.4 Mbit/s gross rate @ 28 MHz channels) and high QoS– Optimized for frequencies >11 GHz like 26, 28, 32, 38 GHz
under Line-of-Sight (LOS) conditions– Range up to 12 km– Single-carrier transmission– Optimized for packet- and cell-based core networks
� Main applications– Cellular (2G, 3G) and hot-spot (WiFi, WiMAX) backhauling– SOHO, SME – Typically too expensive for residential access / WLL / LMDS
� Products– Ericsson’s MINI-LINK AXR is based on ETSI HiperAccess
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20078
� Fixed / Nomadic / (Mobile) BWA system– HiperMAN 1.2.1 - for fixed (FWA) and nomadic (NWA) use– HiperMAN 1.3.1 - for mobile applications– PMP (or meshed) architecture– Optimized for frequency bands below 11 GHz without LOS, robust
against multipath propagation– both TDD and FDD duplexing– SOFDMA transmission
� S = selectable (according to carrier width)� A = sub-channelization (+12 dB), allows for high cell radius
– Support for adaptive antennas, space time coding, turbo codes
� Relations to…– IEEE: HiperMAN is fully harmonized to a subset of IEEE 802.16-
2004 and IEEE 802.16e-2005, networking is excluded– WiMAX Forum: Joint development of test specifications used for
certification
HiperMAN – General Overview
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.20079
UNI
Air-Interface
SNI
AP(Access Point)
carrier
sector
carrier
CoreNetwork
geographica l cell
RNC
UMTS backhauling
HiperAccess System
Node B AT 1
Node B AT n
Node B AT 1
Node B AT m
AT(Access Terminal)
AP
AP
- one AP per carrier- one AP per cell- several sectors per cell- several carriers per sector- overlapping cells (separated
by frequency or polarization)
PMP System for Cellular Backhauling
AT
SectorAP
Cell with four sectors
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200710
AT 1
AP
AT n
AT 2
TDMA uplink
...
54321 t
1
23
4
5
AT 1
AP
AT n
AT 2MACPDU
MACPDU
MAC PDU
...
TDM downlink
...
MACPDU
Downlink and Uplink in a PMP System
Further important properties of downlink and uplink (HA)Downlink Uplink
Link budget &rain fading &multipath propagation
approx. identical
Co-channel interference time-invariantfrom other APs
time-variantfrom other ATs
Transmit power(same bandwidth)
constant for all ATs individual per AT(distance, modulation, fading)
for constant RX power
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200711
Frame Structure Overview for FDD
Control zone
(PHY mode # 0)
PHY mode #1region
PHY mode #2region
PHY mode #3region
PHY mode #4region
Framepadding
FramePreamble TDM zone
Downlinkframe
Invitedranging bursts
Bandwidthrequest
contentionwindow
GrantedUL burst
GrantedUL burst
GrantedUL burst
GrantedUL burst
Downlinkmap
Uplinkmap
ARQmap
BroadcastFrame
Info
to frame # (N-2)
Uplinkframe
frame offset
Order of ranging burst and contention window is just an example
Control zoneenlarged
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200712
Robustness vs. Efficiency
RS-encoder
Convol.encoder
Modulator(2M-ary)
PHYMode
Router(for l=4)
Rinner M Spectralefficiency
C/(N+I)required
0 (CZ) 0.65 1/2 2 0.52 7 dB 1 (all sets) 0.93 2/3 2 0.99 8 dB 2 (all sets) 0.93 1 2 1.49 12 dB 3 (set 1) 0.93 7/8 4 2.60 18 dB 4 (set 1) 0.93 5/6 6 3.72 24 dB 3 (set 2) 0.93 1 4 2.98 20 dB 4 (set 2) 0.93 1 6 4.46 26 dB
Pulseshaping
ymbol)codebits/s (
rate symbol
M
rs =
bandwidth)1(
=+= αsrBtnl
nlRouter 2+⋅⋅= ]1,2/1[∈innerR
PHY mode = combination of concatenated coding and modulation
Infobits Codebits Symbols Waveforms
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200713
Interference PatternC/(N+I) shown for 5x5 Rectangular Constellation, Downlink, ClearSky, ReUseFactor=4
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
Distance [km]
Dis
tanc
e [k
m]
C/(N+I) pattern @ BS distance = 4 km; TX power = 21.5 dBm; rainfading = 0 dB/km
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
worst sector enlarged
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200714
Summary of Adaptive Operation• Adaptation of transmission scheme according to
– d = distance– I = interference (slow in DL, fast in UL)– N = noise (representing link budget C/N)– Lrain = rain fading (fast, 20 dB/s)
� Mechanisms– PHY mode change per terminal– PHY mode change per frame– combined with ATPC (Adaptive Transmit Power Control)
� Control loop– decided centrally by AP– based on measurement reports from AT and received signal in AP– commanded as announcement in DL map and granted per UL map
� Adaptive changes of throughput are supported by adaptive operation of scheduling mechanisms.
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200715
TC BRAN – Overview (2 of 3)Regulatory Activities� Regulatory competence working group (RCWG)
– Coordination of all spectrum related and regulatory issues – Assistance to regulatory bodies to define spectrum requirements and
radio conformance specs for new broadband radio networks
� Deliverables– Development of Harmonised Standards covering essential requirements
under article 3.2 of the R&TTE directive (HEN)– System Reference Documents (SRDoc)
� Current Activities– EN 302 544 HEN for 2.6 GHz Personal Broadband– TR 102 453 SRDoc for converged fixed-nomadic (-mobile) BWA
(< / > 3.4 GHz, input to ECC aiming at more spectrum)– EN 301 893 HEN for 5 GHz RLAN (Pioneering work on DFS)– EN 302 502 HEN for 5.8 GHz FWA (Pioneering work on DFS)– TR 102 555 SRDoc for 60 GHz WPAN– EN 302 567 HEN for 60 GHz WPAN
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200716
Harmonized Standards Basics� ETSI is mandated by EC to prepare HENs under the R&TTE Directive.
– The HEN from ETSI provides access to the European market for compliant product on a legal basis when the HEN is listed in the OJEC.
– The legal basis for placing product on the market is not provided by the administrations (CEPT), however, the use of radio product and any licence conditions is the responsibility of the administrations.
� CEPT ECC and ETSI agree under their MoU on a mechanism for cooperation to take account of each others' requirements
– Technical parameters which are relevant both to spectrum use and to avoidance of harmful interference are developed by co-operation.
– CEPT is responsible for the determination of the limits of the technical parameters (usually resulting from sharing and compatibility studies) and for any technical usage conditions that may be necessary for regulation.
– ETSI is responsible for the technical parameters within its own deliverables and implementation in HENs.
– In case of a fundamental disagreement between ETSI and some CEPT administrations, the HEN has priority over any National regulation (administrations are not entitled to add further technical regulations).
– If an administration still has a problem with the HEN then it will need to take their concerns to TCAM.
� ETSI has entire responsibility for its HEN (including masks), CEPT has entire responsibility for its regulations (may include requirements related to spectrum).
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200717
EN 302 555 (1 of 2)� EN 302 544 – Scope
– Broadband Data Transmitting System equipment operating in the frequency range 2500-2690 MHz
– Technology-neutral– ... obviously the technology to be addressed is mobile WiMAX based on
IEEE 802.16e-2005 and ETSI BRAN HiperMAN1.3.1.
� ECC Decision (05)05:– The band is designated for terrestrial IMT-2000/UMTS systems.– There is flexibility to allow other systems to be deployed on a national
basis in European countries subject to market demand as long as these systems comply with harmonized standards.
– Note: there is a trend towards more flexibility (EC, WAPECS)
� Lack of consensus– Work on the HEN was started in April 2006 although several ETSI
members expressed concerns.– No agreement on compatibility studies achieved
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200718
EN 302 555 (2 of 2)� Some ETSI members are concerned about compatibility:
– In order to avoid harmful interference and to sufficiently protect IMT-2000 systems, compatibility studies are considered necessary (e.g. to be done in ECC PT1) to derive meaningful parameters like
� Transmit power, masks, bandwidths, power control mechanisms� Deployment scenarios (fixed / nomadic / mobile, antennas)� Duplexing (FDD / TDD)
– HEN should be preceeded by a SRDoc according to normal practice as outlined in ETSI-ECC MoU.
– Compatibility parameters belong to the essential requirements of the R&TTE Directive and are therefore to be harmonised in Europe andshould not be a matter for national licensing.
� Some counter-arguments:– Compatibility studies are performed in ITU-R WP 8F– Compatibility needs to be assured by the licensing body (where no
guidance by HENs is needed for administrations)– HEN is addressing Article 3.2 of the R&TTE relating to placing products
on the market, whilst only Article 7.2 relates to putting into service.Advise from ECC PT1: the downlink (base station) is under national regulation, so compatibility issues are restricted to the uplink (terminals).
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200719
TC BRAN – Overview (3 of 3)Testing� Coverage
– Radio Conformance Testing– Protocol Conformance Testing– Network Interoperability Testing
� Relevance of Specifications– Normative part of standard– Controlled in the open forum in the same way as base specs– Actual testing and certification is left to industry and their associations
� Methods– Good results from using advanced spec methods and languages
� Organization– Work is progressed through STF (Special Task Force)– STF funded by ETSI, operating under the guidance of BRAN– Supported by ETSI PTCC
� Cooperation with Industry Forums (WiMAX)– Protocol conf. test specs for HiperMAN, co-funded by WiMAX Forum
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200720
ETSI – WiMAX Coop Agreement� Status
– The initial version of the agreement was signed in April 2005– New amendments covering work agreed for 2006 and 2007
� ETSI and WiMAX– confirmed their common interest to perform and promote standardization
towards a global market– co-operate for testing and certification, standards development and
regulatory activities to provide the necessary spectrum
� Role of WiMAX Forum– full control of the certification scheme to assure interoperability
� Role of ETSI– develop protocol test specs (PICS, TSS&TP, ATS) used for certification– contribute to validation together with test tool vendors and certification labs
� Extension to Network Interoperability Testing– currently under discussion– e.g. by ETSI ISG or TC
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200721
BWA – Summary of Main Competence
�Protocol test suite�Contribs to air interface base specs�Define regulatory requirements
�Marketing and promotion �Certification�Network interface specs
�Air interface base specs�Mobility extension�Management specs
ETSI-IEEEcooperationagreement
ETSI-WiMAXcooperationagreement
ETSI quality&
IEEE image
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200722
SDR & CR� CR (Cognitive Radio)
– Some expect improved spectrum usage from CR– Others request clean spectrum (free of interference) in order to
maximize throughput, at least for wide-area systems– Is interference-free spectrum sharing (for trading) acceptable?
� SDR (Software Defined Radio)– If restricted to an implementation of multistandard terminals,
then there is no need for and benefit from standards
� E2R (End-toEnd Reconfigurability)– Selection of best access technology by the network
� ETSI Status– Recent seminar indicated lack of consensus– Study group to be established
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200723
Conclusions� Wireless Broadband industry needs GLOBAL standards
– Range from spectrum conformance to interoperability– Drive costs down, use spectrum effiently!!!
� ETSI BRAN supports harmonization efforts with other parallel standardization bodies
� IEEE 802.16 - BRAN co-operation shows– What can be achieved– How standard bodies can contribute to each other
� WiMAX Forum - BRAN co-operation– Important signal to the market– ETSI benefits from WiMAX marketing and certification– WiMAX Forum benefits from ETSI experience and work approach
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200724
For further information...
More details can be found onhttp://portal.etsi.org/bran/summary.asphttp://portal.etsi.org/radio/
My contact data:Prof. Dr. Bernd Friedrichs, Chairman TC BRAN
mailto:bernd.friedrichs@ericsson.comPhone +49 7191 13 2448Ericsson GmbH 71522 Backnang, Germany
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200725
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200726
DL Frame and Concatenated Coding
Control zone TDM zone
1 ms (fixed duration)
variable length
PHY mode 1region
PHY mode 2region
PHY mode 4 (last)region
variable length variable length variable length
FramePadding
Modulated & encoded (RS+CC) sequenceincluding trellis termination bits per each RS codeword &
padding bits to complete a symbol per each FEC block
Preamble(32 symbols)
RS codeword RS codeword RS codeword LastRS codeword
fixed length fixed length fixed length variable length
MACPDU 1
MACPDU 2
MACPDU 3
MACPDU 4
MACPDU 1
MACPDU 2
MACPDU N
where N=1,2,3,4
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200727
Conformance Testing(ISO 9646 Scheme)
Test Suite (Test Cases)
ATS
Req. checklist
����
Test Purposes
TSS & TP
testingTest
Report
logging and analysisTest System
Base Standard
(or Profile)
implementation
Product
Implementation Under Test
compilation
Executable Test Suite
(e.g., C++)
��������������������������������
����������
����������� ��������� �� ����������� ������ �� ������������ ���� ���
������������������ �!��� ������ ��� ��������� �������"������� ��#
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200728
Throughput, Range and Availability
99.99 %99.999 % 99.9 %
99 %
Clear sky
6.5 km @ 99.9%
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200729
Conformance Testing (Protocol,Radio) vs. Interoperability Testing
“WiMAX Forum certified” requires passing of…(1) interoperability tests with three devices from different vendors(2) protocol conformance tests(3) radio conformance tests
Interoperability testing(devices from different vendors)
Protocol and radio conformance testing(of a base station) (of a terminal)
AP AT
AP ATTester Tester
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200730
Wireless Evolution – UMTS ViewFi
xed
Wal
kVe
hicl
e
High Speed
VehicularRural
VehicularUrban
Pedestrian
Indoor
Fixed urban
Personal Area
GSMGPRS
DECT
Blue Tooth
WLAN(IEEE 802.11)
WMAN
802.16a,dHIPERMAN
802.16eUMTS HSDPA
EDGE
0.1 1.0 10 100
Radio andcore network
optimized for IP
Mobility
User DataRate
Mbps
Systems Beyond 3G
>2010
B3G
Ericssonwide Internal EDD/FBM/XBB Bernd Friedrichs 19.Mar.200731
WiMAX Vision on Future Mobile Technology
Sources: WiMAX Forum, Nov.2005
Wireless Evolution – WiMAX View
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