estimating the number of homeless sleeping rough: a study in 4 dutch cities
Post on 16-May-2015
297 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Estimating the number of
homeless sleeping rough, a study
of 4 cities in the Netherlands
Marcel Buster, Public Health Service Amsterdam, The Netherlands
In cooperation with: Eva Mandos & Staf van Zeele, Rotterdam-Rijnmond,
Renske Gilisen, Den Haag
Regien Vleems & Addi van Bergen, Utrecht,
Matty de Wit, Natalie Runtuwene, & Mariette Hensen-Baas, Amsterdam
Insert your logo here
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Public Health Services of 4 cities
Amsterdam
Utrecht
Rotterdam
Den Hague
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Context: Similar policy on homelessness
Prevention of homelessness..
Offering integrated care to the homeless who:
belong to the public mental health care population
are citizens of the city’s region.
Encouraging re-migration of homeless from other cities,
other countries…
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Aims..of the study
Describing size and characteristics of the homeless
population.
Estimating the number of people that are sleeping rough.
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Context: The number of homeless that are sleeping rough
is difficult to estimate because:
hidden population Risk of getting a fine, safety.
dynamic population: Starting, ending episodes of homelessness
Within an episodes of homelessness: changing type of location…
Migration
longer period of observation higher number of homeless…
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
During periods of frost in wintertime….
Shelters are free of charge and accessible for all
homeless.
Homeless ‘sleeping rough’ are actively motivated to use
a shelter.
Shelter capacity is adapted to demand.
Research opportunity!
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Winter 2010/’11 and 2011/’12
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Methods
Registers of night-shelters (both the regular shelters and
of the surplus of beds during the frost period)
Interviews with homeless in shelters during 1 or 2
evenings at start of the (first) period of frost.
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Number of people using the night shelters
during a two months period in winter
393
510
688
1163
345
450500
937
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Utrecht Den Hague Rotterdam Amsterdam
cu
mu
lati
ve n
um
ber
of
peo
ple
(tw
o m
on
th p
eri
od
)
Winter 2010/2011 (dec, jan) Winter 2011/2012 (jan, feb)
2010/11: 2754
2011/12: 2232
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Average daily number of people admitted during
period of frost
141188
260
413
142196
248
405
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Utrecht Den Haag Rotterdam Amsterdam
av
era
ge
nu
mb
er
of
pe
op
le p
er
da
y,
du
rin
g f
ros
t p
eri
od
2010/2011 2011/2012
Total number
2010/11: 1001
2011/12: 991
Total interview-
sample
2010/11: 629
2011/12: 567
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Estimation based on the ratio
# Sleeping Rough / # Shelter for Homeless
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Formula to estimate the number of people
Sleeping rough
? = Estimated
(Sample)
city total
(registered)
city total
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
How long ago did you “sleep rough”?
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Utre
cht
Den
Haa
g
Rotte
rdam
Am
ster
dam
TOTA
AL 201
0/20
11
TOTA
AL 201
1/20
12
Never
≥ 1 year ago
≥ 1 month, < 1 year
previous 30 days
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Where did you spend the last 30 nights?
Differences between cities:
10%17% 14%
27%
71%47%
56% 28%
10%
18%14%
14%
9%19% 15%
31%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Utrecht Den Hague Rotterdam Amsterdam
Sleeping rough Night-shelter Family, friends other
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Where did you spend the previous 30 nights?
Differences between years:
21% 19%
45%45%
11% 14%
23% 22%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
2010/11 2011/12
Sleeping rough Night-shelter Family friends Other
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
within 4 cities 2011/12
0,96
0,250,14
0,36
0
0,2
0,4
0,6
0,8
1
1,2
1,4
1,6
Utrecht Den Haag Rotterdam Amsterdam
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Results: Absolute numbers
101 105
175157
1540
45
150
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Utrecht Den Hague Rotterdam Amsterdam
nu
mb
er
Total daily average: 538 night shelter beds vs. estimated 250 sleeping rough
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Results per 100,000 population ( > 15 yrs)
39,1
25,8
34,4
23,9
31,7 29,4
5,8
9,8
8,8
22,9
15,8
13,7
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Utre
cht
Den
Hag
ue
Rot
terd
am
Amsterd
am
All 2010
/201
1
All 2011
/201
2
nu
mb
er
/ 1
00
,00
0
# slots nightshelter Sleeping rough
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Are the homeless who are sleeping rough,
part of the registered citizens of the city?
12%
36% 34%25%
32%27%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Utrecht Den Hague Rotterdam Amsterdam Total
2010/2011
Total
2011/12
Yes No, migrants (national or international)
EUROPEAN RESEARCH CONFERENCE
Housing First. What’s Second?
Berlin, 20th September 2013
Conclusion / limitations
Simple indicator of the number of homeless sleeping rough for comparison of urban areas.
Limitation: estimated number on an ‘average’ night.
Does the ratio of the nights spend in shelter / sleeping rough, reflects the true ratio….???
Both shelter + sleeping rough ≈ 43 /100,000 population
Sleeping rough varies ≈ 6 – 23 / 100,000 population
Only a minority of those ‘sleeping rough’ is considered as citizen of the city’s region.
top related