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Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Environmental Product Declaration This Environmental Product Declaration (EPD) is for seven concrete aggregate products manufactured by Vulcan Materials Company
at their Durbin Sand & Gravel facility in Irwindale, CA.
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration General Information
2
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Environmental Product Declaration
This declaration has been prepared in accordance with ISO 14025,
ISO 21930, and ASTM International’s EPD program operator rules.
Product Category Rule:
ASTM Product Category Rules (PCR) for Construction
Aggregates: Natural Aggregate, Crushed Concrete, and Iron/Steel
Furnace Slag, issued January, 2017.
Declared Unit: 1 metric ton (dry weight).
Program Operator:
ASTM International
http://www.astm.org/EPDs.htm
EPD Owner:
Vulcan Materials Company
500 North Brand Blvd. Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
818-553-8800 ▪ https://www.vulcanmaterials.com/
LCA and EPD Developer:
Laurel McEwen
laurel.mcewen@climateearth.com
Climate Earth, Inc.
2150 Allston Way, Suite 320 ▪ Berkeley, CA 94704
(415) 391-2725 ▪ http://www.climateearth.com
Date of Issue:
June 22, 2020 (valid for 5 years until June 22, 2025)
ASTM Declaration Number: EPD-155
Products
The 7 concrete aggregates covered in this EPD are produced at:
Durbin Sand & Gravel
13000 E Los Angeles Street
Irwindale, CA 91706
Durbin is a dual bucket dredge quarry.
Each aggregate is compliant with the standards and specifications
listed in Table 1.
Table1: Aggregates Covered in this Study
Aggregate Standards
1 1/2”
(Washed Gravel 1 1/2”)
ASTM C33, Caltrans sections 19 and 90,
Greenbook section 200
1”
(Washed Gravel 1”)
ASTM C33, Caltrans sections 19 and 90,
Greenbook section 200
3/8”
(Washed Gravel 3/8”)
ASTM C33, Caltrans sections 19, 68 and
90, Greenbook sections 200 and 217
Fill Rock ASTM C33, Greenbook section 217
WCS (Washed Concrete Sand)
ASTM C33, Caltrans section 90,
Greenbook section 200
WPS (Washed Plaster Sand)
ASTM C144, Greenbook section 200
Nursery (Nursery Sand)
ASTM D1073, Caltrans section 19,
Greenbook section 217
Material Composition
The material composition of the aggregates covered in this study is
100% natural sand and gravel.
PCR review was conducted by:
Jamie Meil ▪ jamie.meil@athenasmi.org
The PCR peer review report is available upon request: cert@astm.org
Independent verification of the declaration and data, according
to ISO 14025: ☐ internal external
Third-party verifier:
Thomas P. Gloria, PhD ▪ t.gloria@industrial-ecology.com
Industrial Ecology Consultants
35 Bracebridge Rd. ▪ Newton, MA 02459-1728
(617) 553-4929 ▪ http://www.industrial-ecology.com
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration General Information
3
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Washed Gravel 1 1/2” (1 1/2”) Washed Gravel 1” (1”)
A washed, coarse
aggregate with a topsize of
1.5". Typically used as a
concrete aggregate, it is
referred to as Caltrans 1.5"
x 3/4", Greenbook size
No.2, and ASTM C33 size
#4. Also used in a variety
of landscape, drainage and
filtration appplications
inlcuding Caltrans
Pervious Backfill and a
substitute for Caltrans
Class 4 Permeable in
Austin Vaults.
A washed, coarse
aggregate with a topsize
of 1". Typically used as a
concrete aggregate, it is
referred to as Caltrans 1"
x #4, Greenbook size
No.3, and ASTM C33 size
#57. Also used in a
variety of landscape,
drainage and filtration
appplications including
Caltrans Pervious
Backfill.
Washed Gravel 3/8” (3/8”) Fill Rock
A washed, coarse aggregate
with a topsize of 3/8".
Typically used as a concrete
aggregate, it is referred to
as Caltrans 3/8" x #8,
Greenbook size No.4, and
ASTM C33 size #8. Also
used in a variety of
landscape, drainage and
filtration appplications
including Greenbook and
Caltrans Pervious Backfill
and Caltrans Class 1 - Type
A Permeable.
A washed, fine gravel with
100% passing the 3/8" sieve
that is primarily comprised
of size #8 particles. Meets
ASTM C33 size #9 and is
commonly used in the
production of blocks and
pavers. Also used in a
variety of landscape,
drainage and filtration
applications including
Greenbook and Caltrans
Pervious Backfill.
Washed Concrete Sand (WCS) Washed Plaster Sand (WPS)
A washed, natural sand
with 100% passing the 3/8"
sieve that meets standard
Caltrans, Greenbook and
ASTM specifications for
Washed Concrete Sand.
Also used as the fine
portion of a Permeable
Base blend commonly
used under synthetic turf
athletic fields or water
tanks.
A washed, natural sand
with 100% passing the #4
sieve that meets standard
Greenbook and ASTM
specifications for Washed
Plaster Sand(aka Mortar
Sand).
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration General Information
4
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Nursery Sand (Nursery)
A washed, natural sand
with 100% passing the #8
sieve that meets standard
Greenbook and Caltrans
specifications for Structure
Backfill. Also used in a
variety of landscape and
nursery applications for its
water retention
characteristics.
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration LCA Study
5
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Study
System boundary
This study captures the following mandatory cradle-to-gate (A1-A3) life cycle product stages (as illustrated in Figure 1):
A1 - Extraction and processing of raw materials including fuels used in extraction and transport within the process;
A2 – Specific transportation of raw materials (including recycled materials) from extraction site or source to manufacturing site
(including any recovered materials from source to be recycled in the process) and including empty backhauls and transportation to
interim distribution centers or terminals;
A3 – Manufacturing of the product, including all energy and materials required and all emissions and wastes produced.
Figure 1. Life-Cycle Stages and Modules
Except as noted above, all other life cycle stages as described in Figure 1 are excluded from the LCA study. The following processes are
also excluded from the study:
1. Production, manufacture, and construction of manufacturing capital goods and infrastructure;
2. Production and manufacture of production equipment, delivery vehicles, and laboratory equipment;
3. Personnel-related activities (travel, furniture, office supplies);
4. Fuel used to transport personnel around the mine and sand & gravel facility;
5. Energy and water use related to company management and sales activities.
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration LCA Study
6
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
The main processes included in the system boundary are illustrated in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Main Processes Included in System Boundary
Electricity impacts are calculated based on the 2014 resource mix at the level of North American Electricity Reliability Council (NERC)
WECC region. The 2014 grid mix contains: 29.2% Natural Gas, 22.6% Hydro, 14.3% Lignite, 13.9% Coal, 8.1% Nuclear, 6.6% Wind, 2.2
Geothermal, 1.7% BC import, 0.6% Wood Chips, 0.4% Biogas, 0.3% Solar.
Explanatory materials may be requested by contacting:
Jeff Pollard
Manager Technical Services
500 North Brand Blvd., Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
626-926-5789
pollardj@vmcmail.com
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration Environmental Impacts
7
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Cradle to Gate (A1-A3) impact results per 1 metric ton (dry weight) of product are outlined in Table 2 for each aggregate.
Table 2: Cradle-to-Gate Impact Results for Aggregates Covered in Study
Impact category Unit 1 1/2” 1” 3/8” Fill Rock WCS WPS Nursery
Global warming potential kg CO₂ eq 3.85 3.48 3.44 3.39 3.63 3.63 3.79
Acidification potential kg SO₂ eq 0.021 0.021 0.021 0.020 0.021 0.021 0.022
Eutrophication potential kg N eq 0.022 0.019 0.019 0.019 0.020 0.020 0.021
Smog creation potential kg O₃ eq 0.54 0.54 0.54 0.53 0.56 0.56 0.56
Ozone depletion potential kg CFC-11 eq 2.12E-07 1.83E-07 1.80E-07 1.76E-07 1.91E-07 1.92E-07 2.03E-07
Nonrenewable fossil MJ 51.0 46.3 45.8 45.1 48.2 48.3 50.3
Nonrenewable nuclear MJ 6.84 5.94 5.84 5.72 6.21 6.22 6.57
Renewable (biomass) MJ 0.542 0.465 0.456 0.446 0.487 0.487 0.517
Renewable (solar, wind,
hydroelectric, and geothermal) MJ 7.57 6.49 6.37 6.23 6.79 6.80 7.22
Nonrenewable material
resources kg 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000
Renewable material resources kg 0.033 0.028 0.027 0.027 0.029 0.029 0.031
Net fresh water m3 0.650 0.657 0.690 0.688 0.814 0.821 0.922
Non-hazardous waste
generated kg 0.069 0.070 0.070 0.070 0.072 0.072 0.073
Hazardous waste generated kg 1.09E-05 1.10E-05 1.10E-05 1.10E-05 1.14E-05 1.14E-05 1.14E-05
This EPD only covers the cradle-to-gate impacts of aggregates using a declared unit and the results cannot be used to compare between products.
EPDs from different programs (using different PCR) may not be comparable.
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration Additional Environmental Information
8
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
Air Quality efforts
Vulcan implements pollution control devices including particulate filters, water sprays, and frequent watering of
haul roads and stockpiles to control emissions to the air. Our unpaved haul roads are often treated with
nonhazardous products as dust suppression to reduce water usage, in turn reducing overall vehicle exhaust
emissions from our water trucks. We operate under permits granted by the South Coast Air Quality
Management District. You can learn more about air quality operating requirements in the aggregates industry
by visiting https://www.aqmd.gov
Water Management
Vulcan facilities re-use water extensively. Water used to produce our products is often captured for re-use to
minimize our water usage footprint. Water we can’t recapture is often placed in designated basins, where it
seeps through the underlying soil to recharge local groundwater resources. The Durbin facility drains internally
with stormwater draining to internal basins recharging local groundwater resources.
Mining and Reclamation
Mining and reclamation of our properties is conducted in conformance with established plans that are approved
by local authorities, and performance bonded to ensure funding is available for reclamation when mining is
complete. At our Durbin facility the plan is to backfill the former mining area to match the elevation of the
surrounding area so that it can be used as industrial, commercial, or residential property in an area that has a
high demand for building lots. The backfilled material consists of inert materials, such as concrete debris and
uncontaminated soils from offsite construction projects, reducing the amount of debris unnecessarily filling
municipal landfills.
Used Oil and Battery Recycling
Used oil and batteries from our locations are picked up by recycling vendors in accordance with State and
Federal regulations. The used oil and batteries are then recycled by licensed facilities.
Sustainability
Our operations strive to reduce environmental impacts as much as possible, principally by reducing the use of or
recycling resources as much as possible. We recycle our aggregate wash water to reduce fresh water
consumption. We also limit our diesel-powered equipment to 5 minutes idling and have implemented a large-
scale preventative maintenance program for diesel equipment to maximize efficiency.
Community
In addition to providing high quality aggregate to serve the needs of California’s ever-expanding economy,
Vulcan’s objective is to build strong communities and be a good corporate partner. To this end, Vulcan
established the Vulcan Materials Company Foundation to actively support many public and charitable projects.
By working with area schools, supporting environmental education, wildlife habitat conservation and
encouraging employee involvement, Vulcan has proven itself to be an asset to the communities where we
operate. Our current priorities include: education programs, community event sponsorships, partnerships with
land conservation organizations and establishing / maintaining certified wildlife habitats.
Some examples of Vulcan’s commitment to the community in Durbin include support of the following
organizations and events:
Vulcan Materials Company Environmental Product Declaration Additional Environmental Information
9
Vulcan Materials Company, Western Division
500 North Brand Blvd.
Suite 500
Glendale, CA 91203-1923
o Neighborhood Homework House
o Royal Oaks STEAM Academy
o Azusa High School
o San Dimas High School
o Baldwin Park Middle School Robotics Team
o Azusa Pacific University
o Citrus College Foundation
o Magnolia Elementary School
o Azusa Rotary Foundation
o Irwindale Police Officers Association
o Irwindale Education Foundation
o Santa Anita Family YMCA
o MEND Poverty
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