environmental problems

Contents

• Introduction

• Global Warming

• Ozone layer depletion

• Extinction of birds

• Extinction of animals

• Protect environment

• Water and Forests

• Conservation of environment

INTRODUCTION

There was a time when people thought of the environment, they thought of its beauty; but now as the natural beauty of the earth that disappears, many people around the world have awoken to the realities of just how fragile our earth actually is. Central to this issue is pollution, which involves the introduction of harmful substances into the air, land, and water. Although pollution has been occurring throughout the earth’s history, the rate by which the human species have contributed to the amount of pollution that has entered our environment over the past several hundred years far exceeds the earth’s inherent ability to heal itself.

Along with pollution, the mass deforestation of the world’s old growth forests has also posed a growing problem to the health of our environment. The clearance of forests without sufficient reforestation has gradually wore down nature’s natural defense against air pollution, desertification, and soil nutrient loss to the point that we are now facing a future world without trees, which would ultimately mean a world without people.

• The global issue of the Environment encompasses many diverse matters of interest some of which will be discussed throughout this environment presentation, which include: global warming, ozone depletion, Extinction of plant and animal species. But it is also important to take measures to avoid the danger of mass devastation which will also be discussed in this ppt.

OZONE LAYER

DEPLETION

Why the hole in the atmospheric ozone layer above us?

What has been done about this?Why should I worry ourselves about the

Ozone Layer Depletion?

Good life at the beach threatened?

Mr. OZONE: Will I be able to continue enjoying this life without problems?

What is Ozone? Ozone Layer?

CFC’s and ozone depletion

Global CFC production

Ozone hole measurements over the Antarctic region 1980-98

Effects of UV rays on Aquatic Ecosystems

Effects of UV rays on Terrestrial Ecosystems

Damage to

plant cell DNA

molecules -

makes plants

more susceptible

to pathogens

and pests

Reductions in photosynthetic capacity in the

plant - results in slower growth and

smaller leaves

Causes mutations in

mammalian cells and destroys membranes

Harmful effects of UV rays on people

Skin cancer

Premature aging

(photoaging) of the skin

(different from normal)

chronological aging

Cataracts and eye

disorders (corneal

sunburn and

blindness)

Immune system damage

MEASURES TO BE TAKEN

GREENHOUSE EFFECT

DEFORESTATION HAS LED TO A DRASTIC INCREASE IN CO2 LEVELS.

WATER IS THE MOST

PRECIOUS COMMODITY ON

THE EARTH.IT HAS MADE

HUMAN LIFE POSSIBLE ON

THE EARTH.IT IS USED FOR

VARIOUS PURPOSES ACROS

THE GLOBE.HUMAN

LIFE,FLORA AND FAUNA ALL

CHERISH UNDER ITS EFFECT.

Nowadays especially in our country

people have no value of water or the are

not aware of the importance of water .

People are throwing garbage in rivers,

lakes etc .They are using water very

irresponsibly they don’t care about their

future. This of course makes the river

dirty.

Causes of pollution of water.

FORESTS ARE LARGE GROUPS OF TREES .IN WHICH

HABITANTS ARE LARGE VARIETY OF ANIMALS RANGING FROM SMALL RATS TO MASSIVE BODIED ELEPHANT .FORESTS

PROVIDE US WITH TIMBER,MEDICINES ETC. HENCE THEY ARE VERY ESSENTIAL TO US.

But now a days people are cutting these

beautiful forests for their greed of land.

This leads to deforestation.

Deforestation not only reduces the green

cover but also reduces the concentration

of oxygen in the air .With out forests

the earth would become an easy prey for

global warming which could kill all of

us.

DEFORESTATION

EFFECTS OF DEFORESTATION

• The Scarlet Macaw is found in the treetops from Mexico to southern Brazil. It is about 90 centimetres in length and is bright red with blue and yellow wings, blue and red tail which is a unique feature in the family and a white face with big, sickle-shaped beaks. Its feet are able to grasp the limbs of a tree very firmly. When a Macaw is fully developed, the tail is more than two feet long.

• WHY ARE MACAWS ENDANGERED ?

• BECAUSE THE FEMALE WILL NOT LAY ANOTHER GROUPS OF EGG UNTIL THE FIRST GROUP IS INDEPENDENT .THIS MEANS THAT THE POPULATION DOES NOT GROW QUICKLY.

• THIS IS A BIG PROBLEM BECAUSE THESE ARE OFTEN KILLED OR CAPTURED BY HUMANS AS PETS .

• Koalas are found in the coastal regions of Eastern Australia. It is a

marsupial mammal. It is endangered because-

KOALA

GIANT PANDA (ASIA)

Pandas are dying out mainly because of one main reason: habitat loss. Their main source of food is

bamboo, which takes a long time to grow. Hence, when a forest of bamboo was being

consumed by them they could simply move to another bamboo forest, but as the forests have been cut down the Pandas are experiencing

shortage of food.Wild pandas have been reported to die because of starvation simply because they cannot reach the next bamboo forest quickly enough, or at

all. Habitat fragmentation affects their feeding, and mating as well, anytime the Panda

has to leave their territory, they are at risk

ABOUT

• The White rhinoceros is one of the largest Northern subspecies ever to be described by scientists. This subspecies was classified in 1908. Today, it is very close to extinction in the wild, and few have ever been brought into captivity .

WHY IS RHINO ENDANGERED ?

• Rhinos are endangered because people have been hunting them for many of years. Poaching them just to sell their horns. They actually call the Black Rhinos' horn "black gold" because its so expensive....

The tiger is a member of felidae (cat) family. It’s length is mostly 3.3 meters and weight is 300 kg . Tigers have a lifespan of 10–15 years in the wild, but can live longer than 20 years in captivity.

• 1 .The preservation and enhancement of wildlife and its habitat cannot be distinguished from preservation of human habitat and so is a core function of government.

2 .Effective habitat conservation requires the

participation of all levels of government State and federal

agencies should establish baseline data and protection

criteria as well as provide technical assistance to local

governments and landowners.

!!! IF YOU WILL NOT CONSERVE THESE ENDANGERED SPECIES THEN THESE ALL WILL COME INTO THE CATEGORY OF EXTINCT ONE .

Project Tiger

Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation movement initiated in India in 1973 to protect tigers. The project aims at tiger conservation in specially constituted tiger reservesrepresentative of various regions throughout India and strives to maintain viable populations of Bengal tigers in their natural environment.

CONSERVATION OF ENVIRONMENT

Polythene is the threat to environment it can’t be burnt it can’t be thrown in water and it can’t be eaten we can’t dispose of in any area if we dispose it in water than it causes water pollution if we burn it then release harmfull gases and if swallowed by cows than it causes death

India should promote the use of solar energy through solar photovoltaic and thermal systems for power generations. Also integrate other renewable energy technologies like biomass and wind.

SAVE PETROL• Our bus stop is not miles away. Will it not be

good to exercise while reaching bus stop rather than using a transport uses petrol or diesel ? Wasting petrol for just walk able

distance is not wise ;

rather it is stupidity.

Save trees ,stop

pollution…………..

• The most important motto in a person’s life should be about planting trees. Trees not only add to scenic beauty but they are also very useful. We should not cut them down, we should rather grow more of them.

Save electricity

• Today is today ,tomorrow never comes save electrcity today to generate it tommorow.weshould never forget to switch off the ligjhtsand fans .

This saves electricity.if we utilize electricity,it can be provided to the places

where it does not reach.

it should be our motto to

Check that nobody waste it.

No Smoking in public

places………..

• Our other motto should be about smoking. Smoking can be harmful so,we should not smoke, due to smoking pollution is inc. in environment.

• NATURE HAS GIVEN US WONDERFUL GIFTS.BEING YOUNGER GENERATION,WE SHOUL LOOK AFTER THEESE GIFTS.THEREFORE,START PLAYING THE ROLE OF SAVIOUR OF ENVIRNOMENT.

GOOD LUCK!

Introduction Jatin Gupta

Global Warming Kriti Rastogi