environment pollution
Post on 14-Jul-2015
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International University of Business Agriculture & Technology
Environment
Pollution
A PRESENTATION ON
Bachelor of Computer Science & Engineering
Pollution of Soil
• What is soil pollution?
Entrance of materials,biological organisms orenergy into the soil causeschanges in soil quality andthus causes soil to removefrom its natural state is calledthe pollution of soil or landpollution.
Image 1: Soil pollution by man made waste
Image 2: Use of pesticides in agriculture
Agricultural Activity
• Farmers often use highlytoxic fertilizers and pesticidesto get rid off insects, fungiand bacteria from theircrops. However with theoveruse of these chemicals,they result in contaminationand poisoning of soil.
• Pesticides and fertilizers seepinto the ground after theymix with water and slowlyreduce the fertility of thesoil.
• Other chemicals damage thecomposition of the soil andmake it easier to erode bywater and air.
Industrial Activity
Image 3: Industrial garbage
Many industries like textile, paper, steel, sugar, petroleum, food,chemical and cement industries cause air pollution, water pollutionand soil pollution.
Wastage Disposal
Image 4: Municipal garbage
Our waste products arefull of chemicals that arenot originally found innature and lead to soilpollution. Urban waste ismunicipal garbage.
This is made up ofmaterials discarded byhomes and industry. Itcontains paper, plasticand organic materials.
Acid Rain
Acid rain is caused whenpollutants present in the airmixes up with the rain andfall back on the ground.
The polluted water coulddissolve away some of theimportant nutrients found insoil and change the structureof the soil.
Image 5: Effects of Acid Rain
Solutions of Soil pollution
Figure 1: Waste management hierarchy
The waste management hierarchy shows the options with their priorities in managing waste
1. Make people aware about the concept of Reduce, Recycle and Reuse.2. Reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers in agricultural activities.3. Avoid buying packages items as they will lead to garbage and end up in landfill site.4. Ensure that you do not litter on the ground and do proper disposal of garbage.
WATER POLLUTION
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies(e.g. lakes, rivers, oceans, aquifers and groundwater).Water pollution occurs when pollutants are directly orindirectly discharged into water bodies withoutadequate treatment to remove harmful compounds.
Polluted river
Image 6:Raw sewage and industrial waste in the New River as it passes from Mexicali to Calexico, California.
CAUSES OF WATER POLLUTION
Sewage and waste water
Marine dumping
Oil pollution
Global warming
Atmospheric deposition
Radioactive waste
Underground storage leakages
WATER POLLUTION IN BANGLADESH
(TURAG RIVER)
Image 7: Turag river in 1990. Image 8: Turag river in 2012.
Figure 3: The water pollution report of USA
WATER POLLUTION IS INCREASING
DAY BY DAY
Figure 2: Change of water quality in 1990 to 2006.
1990 to 2006 ,the water quality is running low. We can easily check the difference of water
quality in these two figures.
CONTROL OF WATER POLLUTION
Recycling , Renovation , Recharge and Reuse of waste water.
Stabilization of ecosystem
Using water hyacinth to remove water pollutants
Using chemical methodsa. Ion exchangeb. Reverse
osmosisc. Precipitation d. Coagulation
Cooling methods
Air pollution means contamination . It is a global concern at present. Emitting carbon monoxide gases vehicles pollute our
city lives seriously. Besides, human waste in the open air is also the cause of serious air pollution.
AIR POLLUTION
Image 9:Air is polluted by smoke. Image 10: Air is polluted by vehicles
Causes of Air Pollution
• Burning of Fossil Fuels: Sulfur dioxide emitted from the combustion of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and other factory combustibles is one the major cause of air pollution.
• Ammonia is a very common by product from agriculture related activities and is one of the most hazardous gases in the atmosphere.
• Air pollutants that are inhaled have serious impact on human health affecting the lungs and the respiratory system
Figure 11:Human body is effected by air pollution.
Effect of Air pollution
Solutions for Air Pollution
1. Use public mode of transportation: Encourage people to usemore and more public modes of transportation to reducepollution. Also, try to make use of car pooling. If you and yourcolleagues come from the same locality and have same timingsyou can explore this option to save energy and money.
2. Conserve energy: Switch off fans and lights when we are goingout. Large amount of fossil fuels are burnt to produceelectricity. You can save the environment from degradation byreducing the amount of fossil fuels to be burned.
3. Understand the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle: Donot throw away items that are of no use to you. In-fact reusethem for some other purpose. For e.g. you can use old jars tostore cereals or pulses
Greenhouse Effect means the permanent rise of temperature in atmosphere around the world.
Earth’s atmosphere is slightly warmer than what it should be due to direct solar heating because of a mild case of greenhouse effect.
What is Greenhouse Effect?
Image 20 :Surface is getting warmer
The ground is heated by
visible and (some)
infrared light from the
Sun.
The heated surface emits
infrared light.
The majority of Earth’s
atmosphere (N2 and O2)
are not good greenhouse
gas.
Everyday we’re cutting
down trees that is also
responsible for
greenhouse effect.
Reasons of Greenhouse Effect
Image 21:Sources of Greenhouse Effect
The Greenhouse Effect increases the temperature of the Earth by trapping heat in our atmosphere.Less trees and more CO2 are making our globe hotter day by day.Flash floods, severe storms and droughts are sometimes attributable to climate change caused by the Greenhouse Effect.The burning of fossil fuels creates CO2 which slows the escape of heat into space.
Overall Impacts
Image 22: Process of green house effect
Image 23: factories emits smoke creating pollution
Ice are melting because of greenhouse effect
Some Pictures Of Greenhouse
Effect
Image 24: Ice melting through Greenhouse Effect
Image 25:Our land are hampered through climate change
We have to take proper steps to keep our environment pollution free
We have to plant more trees and have to prevent deforestation.We have to prevent soil pollution, water pollution, air pollution ,soundpollution and green house effect.
For reduce those pollution we have to be conscious about the environment ,and have to make awareness in the peoples mind.
Our government can take proper steps for that.
Several measures have been adopted ,suggested imposed in the industries in agriculture and urban dwellings to control the pollution.
CONCLUSION
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