entrepreneurship in the uk and the netherlands
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Entrepreneurshipin the UK and the Netherlands
Utrecht University Alumni Meeting London, 2016
Prof Dr Erik Stam
EshipRules
Entrepreneurship Paradox
• Amazing growth of entrepreneurship in the Netherlands, 1987-2012
• Miracle: no country in which entrepreneurship has grown as much as in the Netherlands over the period 2003-2012
• Paradox: increasingly a matter of growingnumber of solo self-employed, and low/mediocre rates of growth-oriented entrepreneurship
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Belgium Germany Netherlands Sweden UK Israel US
Job growth expectations start-ups (2013)
20 or more jobs 5-19 0-5
Shar
e o
f th
e ad
ult
po
pu
lati
on
Ambitious Entrepreneurship
Formal institutions
Framework conditions
Systemicconditions
CulturePhysical
infrastructureDemand
Aggregate Value CreationOutcomes
Outputs Entrepreneurial Activity
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements
Networks Leadership Finance Talent KnowledgeSupport services / intermediaries
Formal institutions
Framework conditions
Systemicconditions
Culture
Networks Leadership Finance Talent
Physical infrastructure
Demand
New knowledge
Support services / intermediaries
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements
Hermann Hauser - Cambridgeshire
1978
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Hermann Hauser
Source: Garnsey & Heffernan 2005
Formal institutions
Framework conditions
Systemicconditions
Culture
Networks Leadership Finance Talent
Physical infrastructure
Demand
New knowledge
Support services / intermediaries
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements
Hermann Hauser - Cambridgeshire
19981997
Formal institutions
Framework conditions
Systemicconditions
Culture
Networks Leadership Finance Talent
Physical infrastructure
Demand
New knowledge
Support services / intermediaries
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements
Hermann Hauser - Cambridgeshire
Two types of people: leaders (entrepreneurs) and feeders (people who support startups, such as government agencies, funders, service providers). While the "feeders" are the very fabric of the community, the entrepreneurs must be in the lead.
Brad Feld (2012)
Intrapreneurship: employees developing new business activities for their employer
e.g. establishing a new outlet or subsidiaryand launching new products
or new product-market combinations
US
RU
ZA
GR
NL
BE
FR
ES
HU
ROSW
UK
DK
SE
PL
DE
PEMX
AR
BR
CL
CO
MY
AU
SG
TH
JPKR
CN
TR
PKIR
DZ BB
PT
IE
FI
LT
LV
HR
SI
BA
CZ SK
PAVE
UY
TTJM
BD
TW
AE
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% of 18-64 population involved in Total early-stage independent Entrepreneurial Activity
Algeria DZ Hungary HU Russia RU
Argentina AR Iran IR Singapore SG
Australia AU Ireland IE Slovakia SK
Bangladesh BD Jamaica JM Slovenia SI
Barbados BB Japan JP South Africa ZA
Belgium BE Korea KR Spain ES
Bosnia & Herz. BA Latvia LV Sweden SE
Brazil BR Lithuania LT Switzerland SW
Chile CL Malaysia MY Taiwan TW
China CN Mexico MX Thailand TH
Croatia HR Netherlands NL Trinidad & Tobago TT
Czech Republic CZ Pakistan PK Turkey TR
Denmark DK Panama PA United Arab Emir. UE
Finland FI Peru PE United Kingdom UK
France FR Poland PL United States US
Germany DE Portugal PT Uruguay UY
Greece GR Romania RO Venezuela VE
Formal institutions
Framework conditions
Systemicconditions
CulturePhysical
infrastructureDemand
Aggregate Value CreationOutcomes
Outputs Entrepreneurial Activity
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Elements
Networks Leadership Finance Talent KnowledgeSupport services / intermediaries
UK <-> NL:- Less employment protection: + scale-ups / - intrapreneurship- Weaker welfare state: + social entrepreneurship- Entrepreneurship culture:
- Entrepreneurship as a good career choice (58% - 79%)- High status to successful entrepreneurs (79% - 64%)
- Need for achievement: + scale-ups- Entrepreneurial finance infrastructure (business angels, AIM): + scale-ups
The UK is a different place forentrepreneurship than the Netherlands
Oranje Boven
and
Rule Britannia
Entrepreneurship in the UK and the Netherlands
Utrecht University Alumni Meeting London, 2016
Prof Dr Erik Stam
EshipRules
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