english skills: learn the imperative · 2019. 11. 28. · drop the word to from the infinitive of a...
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Learn the imperative
LEVEL NUMBER
SKILLS
LANGUAGE Beginner A1_2056X_EN English
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■ Learn how and when to use the imperative
■ Practise using the imperative to give directions
Goals
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Get ready…
Sit down, open your books and take out your pencils.
Let’s go!
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Read these sentences
Sign here please.
Pack your suitcase.
Smile for the photo!
Answer the phone!
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Using the imperative
The imperative is used for telling people what to do.
It is used for requests, commands and suggestions.
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To form the imperative: ■ Drop the word to from the infinitive of a verb ■ Put the imperative verb at the beginning of the sentence The imperative doesn’t change the word order of the rest of the sentence.
Forming the imperative
Infinitive Imperative
to come Come in!
to hurry Hurry up!
to close Close the window!
to stop Stop talking!
to wait Wait for me!
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Practise forming the imperative
Brush your teeth.
3. _______________ to your teacher. (to listen)
4. After school, _______________ your homework. (to do)
5. _______________ the kitchen after you cook. (to clean)
2. _______________ the window. (to open)
1. _______________ your teeth before bed. (to brush)
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■ The imperative is a very direct form of speech and it must be used carefully. ■ It is used when instructions or directions are given. We don’t often use it in social
situations. This is because it can sound impolite or rude. ■ Requests in social situations are usually made in the form of a question, or by
adding the word please. ■ Look at next slides and observe the differences.
Warning!
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Imperative Polite
Open the door. Can you open the door?
Pass the salt. Pass the salt, please.
Wait a minute. Could you please wait a minute?
Requests in social situations are usually made in the form of a question, or by adding the word please.
Warning!
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Look at the next five slides and decide whether they are using the
imperative or not.
Activity
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The imperative can also be used negatively to tell people not to do something. To form the negative imperative we simply add the word don’t before the infinitive and remove the word to. To form the negative imperative: ■ Put don’t at the beginning of the sentence ■ Remove the word to from the infinitive The negative imperative doesn’t change the word order of the rest of the sentence.
Forming the negative imperative
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Verb Negative imperative
to run Don’t run in the house.
to talk Don’t talk in class.
to walk Don’t walk on the road.
to forget Don’t forget to buy bread.
to be Don’t be late for work.
to sit Don’t sit on the floor.
■ Below are some examples of the negative imperative:
Examples of the negative imperative
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Practise forming the negative imperative
Don’t talk to me right now.
3. _______________ your mobile phone in class. (to answer)
4. _______________ your clothes on the floor. (to leave)
5. _______________ until everyone is at the table. (to eat)
2. _______________ to wear sunscreen on holiday. (to forget)
1. _______________ to me right now. (to talk)
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Let’s …
■ Another very common use of the imperative is with the word let’s. In this form it is used to make a suggestion.
■ It is quite casual and is not seen as rude or impolite.
Let’s eat!
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Write down 5 different examples of occasions when you could use the
imperative with let’s…
Let’s go on holiday!
Activity
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The imperative with directions
■ In general, the imperative is a very direct way of speaking. Usually, it is not the most polite way to talk to someone.
■ However, it is okay to use the imperative when giving instructions or directions.
Go straight up the road. Turn left. Then cross the street and turn left again.
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turn
far
close
corner next to
through behind
between
Remember these words?
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to cross
Cross the road. The bus stop is on the other side.
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to take (a direction)
Take a left at the end of the street.
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to turn around
Turn around. You’re going in the wrong direction.
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Show
Take
Complete the dialogue
Excuse me, Can you help me _______________? I’m looking for the museum.
Here you go. Is it _______________ from here?
Great! So _______________ me, how do I get there?
Wonderful! Thanks for your help. _______________ a nice day!
Yes, of course. _______________ me your map.
Let’s see. No, it’s actually quite _______________.
It’s right around the corner. _______________ the road and turn left. Then you’re there!
please
now
far
next to
Have
Make
close
between
Cross
Turn
tell
speak
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■ Pretend you are a tourist and you are lost. You are looking for something in your classmate’s town. Your classmate is walking by and you stop them to ask for directions.
■ Create a roleplay and then switch roles!
Roleplay
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Describe the route from point B to point A.
Giving directions
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Go back to the second slide of the lesson and check if you have achieved all the goals of the lesson.
yes no
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Reflect on the goals
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Think about everything you have seen in this lesson. What were the most difficult activities or words? The easiest?
+ +
– – If you have time, go over
the most difficult slides again
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Reflect on this lesson
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Exercise p.7 2. Open, 3. Listen, 4. do, 5. Clean Exercise p.18 2. Don’t forget, 3. Don’t answer, 4. Don’t leave, 5. Don’t eat Exercise p.28 please, Show, far, close, tell, Close, Have
Answer key
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1. The church is across…
2. You need to go around…
3. After the vegetable shop, take…
4. You’re going the wrong way. You need to…
b. the street.
c. turn around.
d. the corner.
a. a left.
Make flashcards
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Can you _______________ me get to the supermarket? I’m lost! - Yes, of course. First you need to _______________. You’re going in the _______________ direction. Then _______________ straight down the street until the end. _______________ left and _______________ for 200 metres. Then _______________ a right and _______________ the road. You will see the supermarket on the _______________.
go
turn around
help
wrong
Turn
take
walk
corner
cross
Fill in the gaps
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Vocabulary lists
List 1: _____________ List 2: _____________
Check the first five words of the lesson. Sort them into two lists. Give your lists a name.
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Choose five words or phrases from the lesson and write them down in your list of My favourite words.
My favourite words
Word one
Word two
Word three
…
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Choose five example sentences from this lesson. Copy them and rewrite them about
a group of people (or using the pronoun them).
Sentences in the third person plural
Examples:
She is a doctor
→ Hannah and James are doctors.
He speaks English and French
→ They speak English and French.
…
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Homework answer key
Exercise p. 37 1B, 2D, 3A, 4C Exercise p.38 help, turn around, wrong, go, Turn, walk, take, cross, corner
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