english main review
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GENERAL REVI
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IMPORTANT INFORMATION
• EXAM DATE Sunday the 13th of Mar h! "#1$
•
%O&R #'(## ) 1#(##• PA*MENT +efore 13th of Mar h! "#1$
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GRADING S*STEM
• MT EXAM ,- .o/nt0
• FINAL EXAM ,- .o/nt0
• &I22ES ' .o/nt0 ".t0 ea h4
• INTEGRATIVE TAS5 " .o/nt0
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GRADES
*ou 6/77 +e a+7e to he 8 your 9rade0 /n the 7/n
that 6/77 a..ear on the +7o9
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Pre0ent S/:.7e
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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When to u0e /t=
• We u0e the .re0ent 0/:.7e ten0e for(• Per:anent 0tate0
•
%a+/t0 or a t/on0 that ha..end re9u7ar7y• For 9enera7 truth0
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e>a:.7e0
• ?en 7/@e0 /n London .er:anent 0tate04
•
We a76ay0 ha@e +rea8fa0t at e/9ht ha..en0 re9u7ar7y4
• The Earth 9oe0 round the 0un 9enera7 truth4
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AFFIRMATIVE
subject verb
I 6or8
%eBSheBIt 6or80WeB*ouBThey 6or8
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ne9at/@e
subject aux. verb verb
I donCt 6or8
%eBSheBIt doe0nCt 6or8WeB*ouBThe
y donCt 6or8
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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/nterro9at/@eAux.verb subject verb ?
Do I 6or8
Doe0 %eBSheBIt 6or8
Do WeB*ouBThey 6or8
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?e arefu7
If the @er+ end0 /n )o BB 0h BB h! the
ha@e to add )e0 at the end of the @er+
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• P7ay P7ay0
• Dan e Dan e0
•
Wat h Wat he0• Go Goe0
• Wa0h Wa0he0;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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Pre0ent Pro9re00/@
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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When to u0e /t=
• We u0e the .re0ent .ro9re00/@e ten0e for(• Te:.orary 0tate0
• A t/on ha..en/n9 at the :o:ent of 0.ea8/n9
• For future arren9e:ent0;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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e>a:.7e0
• IC: ta8/n9 dr/@/n9 7e00on th/0 :onth te:.orary 0tate04
•
Lu y /0 07ee./n9 no6 a t/on0 at the :o:ent4• For future arren9e:ent0 WeCre y/n9 to A a.u7 o ton/9ht4
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AFFIRMATIVE
subject V. Be conj verb
I a: 6or8/n9
%eBSheBIt /0 6or8/n9WeB*ouBThe
y are 6or8/n9
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ne9at/@e
subject aux.verb NOTVe-in
I a: not 6or8/n9
%eBSheBIt /0 not 6or8
WeB*ouBThey are not 6or8/n
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/nterro9at/@eAux.verb subject verb ?
A: I 6or8/n9 =
I0 %eBSheBIt 6or8/n9 =
Are WeB*ouBThey 6or8/n9 =
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?e arefu7 6hen on u9at/n9
the @er+0 /n .re0ent.ro9re00/@e
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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Pre0ent S/:.7e @0Pre0ent Pro9re00/@e
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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PRESENT SIMP E PRESENT PRO!RESSIVE
MAIN &SE
Per:anent 0tate0
%a+/t0 or re9u7ar a t/on0
Genera7 truth0
MAIN &SE
Te:.orary 0tate0
A t/on0 ha..en/n9 at the :o:
Future arren9e:ent0
TIME EXPRESSIONS(• &0ua77y! a76ay0! often! e@ery day! /n
the :orn/n9! on Monday! on e!t6/ e! et
TIME EXPRESSIO• No6! at the :o:ent! today! t
day0! th/0 6ee8! ton/9ht! tone>t 6ee8! et
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The fo77o6/n9 @er+0 are nor:a77y not u0ed/n .ro9re00/@e ten0e0
VER?S OF EMOTIONL/8e! d/07/8e! 7o@e! hate! 6ant! need! .refer;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
VER?S OF SENSESFee7! hear! 0:e77! 0ee:! a..ear
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The fo77o6/n9 @er+0 are nor:a77y not u0ed/n .ro9re00/@e ten0e0
OT%ER VER?S?e! ha@e! o6n! +e7on9! o0t
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
VER?S OF PERHEPTION AND OPINION5no6! :ean! th/n8! under0tand! re:e:+er! for9et!
/:a9/ne! ho.e! +e7/e@e
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Pa0t 0/:.7
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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When to u0e /t=
We u0e the .a0t 0/:.7e ten0e for(• A t/on0 that 0tarted and 6ere o:.7eted at a 0.e /
t/:e /n the .a0t
• %a+/tua7 or re.eated a t/on0 /n the .a0t
• Ho:.7eted a t/on0 that ha..ened one after the other
/n the .a0t
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e>a:.7e0
• We +ou9ht a hou0e @e year0 a9o (started//completed in the pa
• I a76ay0 6ent to +ed Ear7y 6hen I 6a0 - (habits in past)
• I :ade a 0Jnd6/ h! turned on the TV and 6at hed the :at h
;Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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K VPS K HOMPLEMENT
I 6ent 0ho../n9 ye0terday
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" D/ erent O.t/on0
Ver+0
Re9u7ar Irre9u7ar
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Re9u7ar @er+0
For re9u7ar @er+0! 6e on7y added at the end of the @er+
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
P7ay P7ay ed
Ta78 Ta78 ed Stay Stay ed
u:. u:. ed
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E> e.t/on01 Ver+0 end/n9 /n )e! on7y add a )d at the end
" Ver+0 end/n9 /n a on0onant K y! add )/ed
3 Ver+0 6/th one 0y77a+7e end/n9 /n HVH for:! dou+7e the 7a0t on0onant
, Ver+0 6/th " or :ore 0y77a+7e0 end/n9 /n the HVH for: and 6/th the 7a0t 0tre
0y77a+7e
- Ver+0 end/n9 /n one @o6e7 K L! dou+7e the )L +efore the )ed
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Ver+0 end/n9 /n a on0onant K yadd )/ed
Try Tr /ed
Harry Harr /ed
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?e Harefu7
P7ay P7ay ed
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
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Ver+0 6/th one 0y77a+7e end/n9 /n HVH FORM! dothe 7a0t on0onant
Sto. Sto. .ed
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
H V H
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?e Harefu7
IF T%E VER? ENDS IN X OR W! DONCT DO&?LE T%E LHONSONANT
FIX FIXEDMIX MIXED
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Ver+0 6/th :ore than one 0y77a+7e! you on7ydou+7e the on0onant /f /t ha0 the HVH and /t /0
0tre00ed
Prefer Prefer red
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?e Harefu7
Sa/7 Sa/7ed
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Irre9u7ar Ver+0
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
Irre9u7ar @er+0 are d/ erent fro:
ea h other! 0o! you need to 7earn
one +y one the a0e0
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So:e e>a:.7e0
%AVE %ADGET GOT
?&* ?O&G%T
MA5E MADE
HOME HAME
EAT ATE
LEAVE LEFT
DO DID
GO WENT
SEE SAWLu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
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T/:e e>.re00/on0
• *e0terday• La0t N/9ht
• La0t Day
• La0t Su::er• T6o day0 a9o
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a r:at/@e 0enten e0
I *ou%e
SheIt
We They
Ver+ /n.a0t
Ho:.
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e>a:.7e0
•
I .7ayed 0o er 7a0t 6ee8
• Sarah dan ed 0a70a ye0terday
• Peter and Pa o ate +ro o7/ 7a0t
:orn/n9Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/<
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ne9at/@e 0enten e0
I *ou%e
SheIt
We They
D/dn
Ct
Ho:.Ver+/n
0/:.7efor:
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&0e
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We u0e u0ed to to ta78 a+out 0o:eth/n9 that
ha..ened re9u7ar7y /n the .a0t +ut no 7on9er doe0
“We used to go skateboarding every afternoon when we´re
young”
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At BB I
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AT
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In BB on
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So:e K un ounta+7e B .7ura7 ounta+7e
We u0e 0o:e K un ounta+7e BB .7ura7
ounta+7e noun0 /n a r:at/@e
0enten e0 and o er0There is some orange uice in the fridgeWould you like some chips!
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anyK un ounta+7e B .7ura7 ounta+7e
We u0e any K un ounta+7e BB .7ura7ounta+7e noun0 /n Que0t/on0 and
ne9at/@e 0enten e0
"s there any orange uice in the fridge!There aren´t any chips in the table#
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No not any4 K un ounta+7e B .7ura7 ounta+7e
We u0e noK un ounta+7e BB .7ura7 ounta
noun0 /n a r:at/@e 0enten e0 yo 9/@e a
ne9at/@e :ean/n9There is no cheese in the fridge ($ There isn´t any cheesein the fridge)
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:any
We u0e :any 6/th .7ura7 ounta+7enoun0! u0ua77y /n Que0t/on0 and
ne9at/@e 0enten e0
There aren´t many books in the bookcase
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:u h
We u0e :u h 6/th un ounta+7enoun0! /n Que0t/on0 and ne9at/@e
0enten e0
We don´t have much money
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LOT OF BB LOTS OF
We u0e 7ot of BB 7ot0 of 6/th un ounta+7e.7ura7 ounta+7e noun0! u0ua77y /n
a r:at/@e 0enten e0
There is a lot of co%ee in my cupThere are lots of apples in the fridge#
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A L/tt7e
We u0e a L/tt7e 6/th un ounta+7e
noun0 /n a r:at/@e 0enten e0
There is a &ittle cheese on the table
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A fe6
We u0e a fe6 6/th .7ura7 ounta+7e
noun0 /n a r:at/@e 0enten e0
There are a few maga'ines on the table
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L/tt7e
We u0e 7/tt7e 6/th un ounta+7e noun06hen thereC0 not enou9h of
0o:eth/n9
We´ve got very little time
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fe6
We u0e fe6 6/th .7ura7 ounta+7enoun0 6hen there are nout enou9h of
the:
There are very few tomatoes left
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What ha..ened=
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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ad e t/@e0
• A"jectives en"ing in #e" /nd/ ate or de0 r/+e e:ot/o
• A"jectives en"ing in #ing de0 r/+e hara ter/0t/ 0
0o:eone or 0o:eth/n9
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ad e t/@e0
We 6ere tire" fro: the ourney
It 6a0 n/ e +ut /t 6a0 a +/t tiring
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Pa0t Pro9re00/@
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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When to u0e /t=
1 For a t/on0 that 6ere ha..en/n9 at a 0.e / .o/nt of t/:e /n the .a0t
" To de0 r/+e +a 89round 0 ene0 to a 0tory
3 For a t/on0 that 6ere ha..en/n9 at the 0a:e t/:e /n the .a0t In th/0a0e! 6e u0ua77y u0e 6h/7e
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When to u0e /t=
1 I 6a0 6at h/n9 TV at oC 7o 8 ye0terday e@en/n9
" /77 6a0 6a78/n9 /n the fore0t and /t 6a0 ra/n/n9
3 Wh/7e I 6a0 6at h/n9 TV! :y father 6a0 oo8/n9
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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%o6 to for: /t=
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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a r:at/@e
K 6a0BB6ere K @er+ )ING K o:.
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ne9at/@e
K 6a0BB6ere KNOT K /n9K o:.
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/nterro9at/@e
Wa0BBWere K K V /o:.
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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e>a:.7e0
• I 6a0 .7ay/n9 ye0terday at 0 hoo7
• To: 6a0nCt 07ee./n9 t /n the 7a00roo:
• They 6ere 0tudy/n9 for the e>a: yeaterday :orn/n9
• Wa0 Many dra6/n9 7a0t Monday at 7a00=
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Pa0t S/:.7e @0 PaPro9re00
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I 6a0 .a/nt/n9 :y roo: a77 day ye0terday
I .a/nted /t +7ue
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We u0e the Pa0t Pro9re00/@e and the Pa0t S/:.7e /n the
0a:e 0enten e 6hen one a t/on /nterru.ted another /n
the .a0t We u0e the Pa0t Pro9re00/@e for the 7on9er
a t/on and the Pa0t S/:.7e for the 0horter a t/on In
th/0 a0e 6e u0ua77y u0e while when asLu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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I 6a0 07ee./n9 $%en the te7e.hone ran9
As&'%i(e I 6a0 dr/@/n9 ! I 0a6 a at /n the 0tr
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/:.ortant
We u0e as soon as 6/th the Pa0tS/:.7e
A0 0oon a0 they 7eft! 6e 0tarted 7ean/n9 u. the hou0e
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e>a:.7e
Wh/7e I 6a0 tra@e77/n9 on the under9round! I
0a6 a 0tran9e 0/9n
One a t/on 6a0 /n .ro9re00 6hen the other ha..enedLu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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e>a:.7e
I 6a0 7oo8/n9 at the :er hant 6h/7e he 6a0
utt/n9 the fru/t /n ha7f
The t6o a t/on0 6ere ha..en/n9 at the 0a:e t/:eLu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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e>a:.7e
A0 0oon a0 I n/0hed eat/n9 the ./e e! the
:er hant o ered :e :ore
The t6o a t/on0 ha..ened one after anotherLu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
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Pre0ent PerfeS/:
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
h
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When to u0e /t=•
For an a t/on 6h/ h ha..ened /n the .a0t! +ut 6e donCt:ent/on 6hen e>a t7y
• To ta78 a+out a 0tate 6h/ h 0tarted /n the .a0t and ont/nue0
u. /n the .re0ent
• For an a t/on 6h/ h ha..ened /n the .a0t and n/0hed! +utthe re0u7t0 are o+@/ou0 /n the .re0ent
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
7 0
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e>a:.7e0
I ha@e tra@e77ed to the &SA t6/ e
I ha@e 7/@ed /n Athen0 0/n e 1UU#
IC: t/red I ha@e u0t n/0hed 0tudy/n9
Loo8 M/8e ha0 +ro8en h/0 7e9Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
f /
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for:at/on
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
/@
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a r:at/@e
K ha@eBha0 K VPP K o:.
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
9 t/@
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ne9at/@e
K ha@eBha0 K not K VPP K o:.
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
I t 9 t/@
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Interro9at/@e
%a@e B %a0 K K VPP K o:. K =
Lu/0 Ro+erto Ort/< Guerrero
t/ > 00/ 0
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t/:e e>.re00/on0
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?roaden your :/nd
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