english grammar - tense system
Post on 24-Jan-2017
162 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
©2017 BUNWILLY
Tense SystemPrepared by:BUN Willy
©2017 BUNWILLY
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
1. Past Simple:
Past tense expresses an action or situation that was
started and finished in the past. The past tense is used:
- to talk about the past,
- to talk about hypothesis-things that are
imagined rather than time,
- and for politeness.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
Uses:
• Things that happened once in the past. For examples:– I met my husband in 2015.
– We went to KomPong Soum on our holiday.
• Something that was true sometime in the past.– I lived in KomPong Spour ten years ago.
– She played regularly tennis when she was young.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
• Something that happened again and again in the past.– When I was 10, I walked a mile to school everyday.
– We swam a lot while we were on holiday.
• We often use phrase with “ago” in the past form,– I met my friend for a long time ago.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
Form:
• Positive: [S+ Past Verb+ Obj]– Tom lived in LA when he was a baby.
– He worked 12 hours a day when he was 20.
• Negative: We use “did + not” to make negative with past
tense: For examples:– They didn’t go to Spain last year.
– We didn’t get home until late night.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
• Question: we use “did” to form question: For
examples:– Did you live abroad in 2005?
– Who discovered Penicillin?
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
2. Past Continuous:
The past continuous is a form of past tense of
“be” with “–ing” form of the verb.
Form:
[ S+ was/were+ verb-ing+ obj]
[ Was/Were+ S+ verb-ing+?]
[ S+ was/were+ not+ verb-ing]
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
Uses:
• For something which interrupted anther action in the
past. – When I got home, the children were doing their homework.
• It’s also used to begin a story.– Last week as I was driving to work. It happened that…
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
• For something that happened before and after a
particular time: – It was eight o’clock; I was writing a letter.
Compare:
– At eight o’clock, I wrote some letters.
• To show something that happening again and again– I was practicing everyday, three time a day.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
3. Past Perfect
Use:
• When we talk about something that happened before
something else in the past.– Mary rang John at 8:15 yesterday, but he had already left
home.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
3. Past Perfect
Compare:
– James had cooked breakfast when we got up.
– James cooked breakfast when we got up.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Duration Before Something in the Past– They had been talking for over an hour before Tony
arrived.
– She had been working at that company for three years
when it went out of business.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Cause of Something in the Past– Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
– Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
©2017 BUNWILLY
I. Past Tense
4. Past Perfect Continuous [Englishpage.com]
Compare:
• Past Continuous vs. Past Perfect Continuous– He was tired because he was exercising so hard.
– He was tired because he had been exercising so hard.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
1. Present Simple [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Repeated Actions– I play football.
– She does not play tennis..
• Facts or Generalizations– California is not in the United Kingdom.
– Windows are made of glass.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
1. Present Simple [Englishpage.com]
Uses:
• Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)– She is not here now.
– He needs help right now.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
2. Present Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English Language
Teachers, page190]
Uses:
• Temporary events and actions:– Sssh, she is sleeping.
– Attention please! We are doing presentation.
• Changing and development states– Global temperature are increasing rapidly.
– Kids are growing so fast.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
• Irritating Actions– They’re forever asking me to visit them.
– She’s always asking questions.
• Near Future– I am not going to the party tonight.
– Is he visiting his parents next week.
• Thing happening now.– We’re studying Core English.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
3. Present Perfect Simple [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• Recently finished actions or Completed result.– I’ve already painted the wall blue.
• Something has done several times in the past and
continue to do [LearningEnglish]
– I’ve played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
3. Present Perfect Simple [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• After the (first, second, etc.) time– Is this the first time she has flown?
• Talk about experience up to the present [LearningEnglish]
– I’ve known about inspection for weeks
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
4. Present Perfect Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for English
Language Teachers, page237]
Uses:
• State verb (Like and want)– I’ve been wanting to have an opportunity to talk to you.
• It can refer to an action that has not finished. [English Grammar
Secret]
– I’ve been using the swimming pool since we moved into the
district.
©2017 BUNWILLY
II. Present Tense
4. Present Perfect Continuous [M. Parrott (2000). Grammar for
English Language Teachers, page239]
Uses:
• We can use it to refer to an action that has finished
but you can still see evidence. – Oh, the kitchen is a mess. Who has been cooking?
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense [ Srin ChhengHouy]
1. Future Simple
Simple Future has two different forms in English: "will" and
"be going to.”
Uses:
• "Will" often suggests that a speaker will do something
voluntarily.– I will translate the email, so Mr. Smith can read it.
– Will you make dinner?
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
1. Future SimpleUses:
• "Will" to Express a Promise– I will call you when I arrive.
– I promise I will not tell him about the surprise party.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
1. Future SimpleUses:
• "Be going to" to express a Plan. It expresses the idea that
a person intends to do something in the future, and does
not matter whether the plan is realistic or not.
– Michelle is going to begin medical school next year.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
1. Future SimpleUses:
• "Will" or "Be Going to" to Express a Prediction.– The year 2222 will be a very interesting year.
– The year 2222 is going to be a very interesting year.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
2. Future Continuous
Future Continuous has two different forms: "will
be doing " and "be going to be doing." Unlike Simple
Future forms, Future Continuous forms are usually
interchangeable.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
2. Future Continuous
Uses:
• Interrupted Action in the Future– I will be watching TV when she arrives tonight.
– I will be waiting for you when your bus arrives.
Notice: you cannot use future tenses in time clauses.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
2. Future ContinuousUses:
• Specific Time as an Interruption in the Future– Tonight at 6 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
– At midnight tonight, we will still be driving through the
desert.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
2. Future ContinuousUses:
• Parallel Actions in the Future– I am going to be studying and he is going to be making
dinner.
– Tonight, they will be eating dinner, discussing their plans,
and having a good time.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
3. Future Perfect
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Completed Action Before Something in the Future– I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock.
– By next November, I will have received my promotion.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
3. Future Perfect Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Duration Before Something in the Future (Non-
Continuous Verbs)– I will have been in London for six months by the time I leave.
– By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
3. Future Perfect Continuous
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• to show that something will continue up until a
particular event or time in the future (How long.) – They will have been talking for over an hour by the time
Thomas arrives.
©2017 BUNWILLY
III. Future Tense
3. Future Perfect Continuous
Uses: [Englishpage.com]
• Cause of Something in the Future– Jason will be tired when he gets home because he will have
been jogging for over an hour.
©2017 BUNWILLY
Reference List
1. Englishpage.com: http://
www.englishpage.com/verbpage/futureperfectcontinuous.html
2. Englishpage.com: http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/futureperfect.html
3. Englishpage.com: http://
www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html
4. Englishpage.com: http://
www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepresent.html
5. Englishpage.com: http://
www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastperfectcontinuous.html
©2017 BUNWILLY
Reference List
6. Martine Parrott (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers: The
Present, page 188. United Kingdom, University Press, Cambridge.
7. Martine Parrott (2000). Grammar for English Language Teachers: The
Present Perfect, page 235. United Kingdom, University Press, Cambridge.
8. LearnEnglish: (Present Perfect): https://
learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/verbs/present-tense/present-perfect
9. English Grammar Secret: Present Perfect Continuous: (
https://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/presentperfectcontinuous/menu.php
)
top related