engineering computational ecosystems
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Engineering computational ecosystems
Ing. Dott. Danilo Pianinidanilo.pianini@unibo.it
Alma Mater Studiorum—Universita di Bologna a Cesena
Vieni via con noi - Cesena 2012
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 1 / 34
(Near) Future city scenario
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 2 / 34
(Near) Future city scenario
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 3 / 34
(Near) Future city scenario
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 4 / 34
(Near) Future city scenario
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 5 / 34
Pervasive Devices
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 6 / 34
Pervasive Devices
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 7 / 34
Pervasive Devices
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 8 / 34
Pervasive Devices
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 9 / 34
Pervasive Displays
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
→
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 10 / 34
Pervasive Displays
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
. . . . . . .
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 11 / 34
Pervasive Ecosystems
Miriads of interacting devices and services as individuals in an ecosystem
No central control is involved
Actions are driven by the context
The system heals itself
Nature does it since hundreds of millions years
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 12 / 34
Self organisation in nature: ants
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 13 / 34
Self organisation in nature: termites
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 14 / 34
Self organisation in nature: birds
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 15 / 34
Self organisation in nature: humans
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 16 / 34
Self organisation in nature: biochemistry
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 17 / 34
Pervasive Ecosystems
Challenges for ICT engineers
Design the rules for the ecosystem in a way that:
Fruitful cooperation is promoted
New services are created by combining the existing
Unwanted interactions are limited
Overall collective behaviour can be (formally) predicted and controlled
The system smoothly evolves with time
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 18 / 34
The SAPERE Project
http://www.sapere-project.eu
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 19 / 34
Eco-laws and Live Semantic Annotations
Live Semantic Annotations (LSA)
A unified description for devices, data, services
Is about interface, status, and behaviour of a component
It provides semantic information, and it is dynamic
Eco-Laws
They resemble chemical reactions
They take some reagent LSA, and provide some product LSA
They can diffuse an LSA in the neighborhood
They can aggregate LSAs like in chemical bonding
They form a small & fixed set of natural eco-laws
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 20 / 34
Pervasive Ecosystems
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 21 / 34
Pervasive displays: multiple view
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 22 / 34
Pervasive displays: local sharing
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 23 / 34
Pervasive displays: steering
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 24 / 34
Pervasive displays: case studies
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 25 / 34
Pervasive displays: crowd steering
Image courtesy of Alois Ferscha (Pervasive Computing Group, Johannes Kepler Universitat Linz)
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 26 / 34
Computational ecosystems: functional guarantees
Houston, we’ve got a problem.
Prediction difficulties
Thousands-devices scale system
Autonomous devices
Interaction plays a huge role
Formal proof
Mathematical guarantee
Only tackles simple cases
Model checking
Space state explosion for non-trivial cases
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 27 / 34
Computational ecosystems: simulation
How to simulate a (bio)chemical inspired computational ecosystem?
Classic Agent Based simulators
High expressiveness
Sub optimal level of abstraction
Non optimized
Classic chemical Kinetic Monte Carlo simulators
Extremely fast
No mobility
Extremely low-level
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 28 / 34
Computational ecosystems: Alchemist
Alchemist
Kinetic Monte Carlo engine
Mobility support
Dynamic connectivity support
Complex data items
Reaction-like programming allowed
Classic (weak) agents supported (Java-written)
Built from scratch
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 29 / 34
Crowd evacuation
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 30 / 34
Crowd steering
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 31 / 34
Morphogenesis
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 32 / 34
Morphogenesis
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 33 / 34
References
Engineering computational ecosystems
Ing. Dott. Danilo Pianinidanilo.pianini@unibo.it
Alma Mater Studiorum—Universita di Bologna a Cesena
Vieni via con noi - Cesena 2012
Danilo Pianini (UniBo / DISI) Computational ecosystems November 6, 2012 34 / 34
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