energy adi golbach managing director b.kwk – the german chp association 17th mai 2011, dublin 1...
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Energy
Adi Golbach
Managing Director
B.KWK – The German CHP Association
17th Mai 2011, Dublin
1
Efficient Energy Production with Cogeneration – German Experience,
Situation & Prospects
Overview
• B.KWK – The German CHP Association• Facts & Figures• Potentials & Problems• Policy & Perspectives• CHP examples in Germany
Dublin 217th Mai 2011
The B.KWK - The German CHP Association
all kinds of operators
all kinds of technologies
all kinds of fuels
all branches
bundle forces
integrates
provides information
interferes
17th Mai 2011 3Dublin
Overview
• B.KWK – The German CHP Association• Facts & Figures• Potentials & Problems• Policy & Perspectives• CHP examples in Germany
Dublin 417th Mai 2011
The Background
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 5
Climate Change
Ressource scarcity
„Always look on the bright side of life.“
The three bridges to sustainable energy supply
6
Resourceusage
11 t CO2/a x Person
2 t CO2/a x Person
Higher efficiency CHP
Renewable energy
Change in needs
17th Mai 2011 Dublin
Energy streams in Germany
Dublin 7
Source: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen 2007
25% of PEC
17th Mai 2011
Mt of hard coal equivalents
8
Systemvergleich KWK vs. getrennte Erzeugung
17th Mai 2011 Dublin
The Difference
Dublin 9
Power Plant CHP
17th Mai 2011
The German heating market – a system of enormous wasting exergy
Gas48%
heating oil32%
district heating
14%
Electricity4%
other3%
heating energy
Dublin 1017th Mai 2011
• Conventional heating technology is squandering EXERGY
• 70 °C heat produced from simply burning gas with 1100 °C squanders more than 80% of exergy
• Electricity is pure exergy• So it‘s better to produce as much
electricity as possible from fuels
CHP Fuels in Germany in Plants > 1 MW elt, 2005
Dublin 11
Source: Eurostat
17th Mai 2011
Total 78 GWh
Nat. GasHard CoalLigniteMineral OilBiomass & Waste
CHP in the EU
Dublin 1217th Mai 2011
Dänem
ark
Finnlan
d
Slowak
ei
Polen
Islan
d
Tsche
chisc
he R
ep.
Portu
gal
EU 25
Italie
n
Bulgar
ien
Slowen
ien
Spanie
nIrl
and
Griech
enlan
d
Norweg
en
Kroat
ien *
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Source: EUROSTAT 2/2008
CHP share in electricity production 2007
Overview
• B.KWK – The German CHP Association• Facts & Figures• Potentials & Problems• Policy & Perspectives• CHP examples in Germany
Dublin 1317th Mai 2011
CHP Potential in Germany
14
(As of March 31, 2006)
economically feasable up to 2020; fiction: no political barriers
17th Mai 2011 Dublin
Barriers against CHP
• Lack of information about chances and technical details (sleeping giant)
• Communal or industrial CHP in opposition to the strategic objectives of some big electricity companies
• Very ambitious pay-back criteria in industry (< 3 years)
• Unstable prospects regarding fuel security and prices
Dublin 1517th Mai 2011
Benefits of CHP
• Saves energy resources• Climate protection• Saves money in the medium and long run• Reducing energy dependency• Substitution of energy import expenditures by
technical and economical knowledge• Creates new jobs• Higher electric grid stability, higher security of
supply• Smart and flexible to operate
Dublin 1617th Mai 2011
Overview
• B.KWK – The German CHP Association• Facts & Figures• Potentials & Problems• Policy & Perspectives• CHP examples in Germany
Dublin 1717th Mai 2011
2007 G8 Summit Declaration
• The G8 Summit Declaration (June 2007) highlights cogeneration in the section on Energy Efficiency.
• In section 70. Power Generation: „… adopt instruments and measures to significantly increase the share of combined heat and power (CHP) in the generation of electricity",
Dublin 1817th Mai 2011
The German government‘s new energy and climate package from August 2007
Dublin 19
Measures Reduction up to 2020 in Mio. t/a CO2 equ
Doubling CHP share in electricity production to 25% 20
Reducing electricity consumption by 11 % 40
Substitution of old power plants by new ones 30
Higher share of RES in electricity production 55
Reducing energy consumtion of houses by modernisation of buildings and heating systems
41
Higher share of RES in heating 14
Higher efficiency in the traffic and rising share of bio fuels up to 17 %
30
Reduction of non-CO2 gases 40
17th Mai 2011
New CHP act 2009
• Target: doubling CHP share in electricity production to 25% in 2020• Focus on new installations being brought into operation by the end
of 2016• Bonus system again; paid finally by the electricity consumers (max.
0,3 Cent/kWh)• Bonus on electricity fed into the public grid or directly used
> 2 MW elt -> 1,5 ct/kWh over 6 years or max. 30.000h, industry 4 years only
50 kW to 2 MW -> 2,1 ct/kWh over 6 years or max. 30.000h
≤ 50 kW -> 5,11 ct/kWh over 10 years
• Max. 600 Mil €/a for CHP plants• Max. 150 Mil €/a for district heating investments (20% subsidy if at
least 50% CHP heat)• Monitoring in 2011• Start 1.1.2009
Dublin 2017th Mai 2011
Renewable Electricity Act 2009
• Higher Bonus for CHP-electricity (3 ct/kWh)• Technology Bonus for innovative CHP technologies• Priority for grid-connection of CHP-plants• Use of liquid biofuels only if sustainability certificated• Practicable conditions for TPA of biomethane
2117th Mai 2011 21Dublin
Feed-in-tarifs for electricity from biomassBased on the Renewable Energy Act 2009
Biogas Biomethan Biomass
Basic tarif< 150 kW< 500 kW< 5 MW
11,679,188,25
11,679,188,25
11,679,188,25
Bonus for electricity from energy crops< 500 kW< 5 MW
74
74
64 / 2,5
Manure bonus< 150 kW< 500 kW
41
00
Technology bonus generalTechnology bonus gas processing
2 20-2
2
CHP bonus 3 3 3
Cent/kWh
17th Mai 2011 22Dublin
Renewable Energy Heat Act 2009
• Obligation to use pro-rata renewable energy (e.g. solar panels, pellets)
• alternatively use of CHP heat (≥ 50 % produced in CHP)
• Obligation for new buildings after 1.1.2009• Legitimization of local district heating obligation
by reason of climate protection
2317th Mai 2011 23Dublin
The governments energy plan
• Sept. 2010: extension of the operating time of nuclear power plants by an average of 16 years
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 24
The governments energy plan
• After Fukushima: • Reviewing the prolongation
of the operating time of nuclear power plants
• “„Energy turn” towards faster growth of renewable energy and higher efficiency
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 25
Nuclear Power Plants in Germany
Energy Turnaround:The government new 6-point program
1. Quickly enhance Renewable energy
Core of the energy turnaround is the rapid expansion of renewable energies. The wind energy has the biggest potentials.
2. Quickly develop electricity grids and storages ...to transport electricity from wind power plants in the north to the south. Expansion of flexible power stations and storage, serving to stabilize the power supply.3. Consistently increase Energy efficiencyBy 2020 the heat demand of buildings shall be reduced by 20 percent. Encourage an ambitious renovation.4. Quickly build flexible power plants
In future, flexible power plants must offset the increasingly fluctuating power generation from renewable energy sources. Gas power plants have a special role. The construction of highly efficient and flexible power plants will be promoted in accordance with EU requirements. This is limited to operators whose share of the German power generation capacity is up to five percent.5. Reorienting Energy ResearchThe funds for research into networking and storage should be increased to 500 million € by 2020.6. Participation of Citizens
People should be fully involved to enable a broad dialogue on the necessity of restructuring the energy supply.
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 26
27
Perspective RE Development in Germany
Trends in electricity generation from renewable energies 1991-2030, based on the Lead Study prepared by the DLR Institute for Technical Thermodynamics
The energy future will be decentralised
Dublin 28
Tomorrow: distributed/ on-site generation with fully integrated network management (INTELLIGENT GRIDS)
Today
cleaner, cheaper and more reliable17th Mai 2011
The new role of CHP: flexible electricity production complementary to wind and
solar energy
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 29
Important but neglected: Information & PR
Industry District heating
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 30
Object CHP
Economics by efficiency
A lot of advantages but lack of awairness
Big potentials & chances for many
people
31Demo-Kongress 2009
WESHALB DIE FERNWÄRME EINE DACHMARKE BRAUCHT!
6.11.2009
Overview
• B.KWK – The German CHP Association• Facts & Figures• Policy & Perspectives• CHP examples in Germany
Dublin 3217th Mai 2011
I II / B III / A III / B, neu
1986 1967 1975 2005
Hard coal Hard coal Natural gas Natural gas
2025 2012 2025 > 2030
102 MW 144 MW 41 MW 239 MW
139 MW 163 MW 88 MW 167 MW
630 GWh 811 GWh 10 1238 GWh
86 GWh 23 GWh 8 GWh 618 GWh
Plant
Operation since
fuel
Operation up to
elektr. capacity
Therm. capacity
Heat production 2006
Elect. production 2006
District heating CHP Stadtwerke Duisburg AG
17th Mai 2011 33Dublin
Industrial CHP, 40 MW el.Chemical industry, Grenzach
3417th Mai 2011 34Dublin
Small scale CHP, 225 kW el.public swimming pool Schwäbisch Hall
3517th Mai 2011 35Dublin
Micro CHP, 5 kW el.„Dachs“ 12-appartment house
3617th Mai 2011 36Dublin
Summary and main results
• Energy efficiency is a core element of a sustainable energy strategy
• Conventional heat production in boilers is a big waste of exergy
• CHP is a core element of an energy efficiency strategy • CHP is being discovered more and more by policy makers• CHP has a large potential - in Germany and anywhere• The Target of doubling CHP in Germany is a big chance for
industry and investors• We have to make our choice on the future electricity
production path – in fact environment tells us that we don’t have a choice
• By using CHP potential and by overcoming barriers against CHP we may learn from each other
17th Mai 2011 Dublin 37
Thank you for your attention!
Consulting on CHP in Germanyadigolbach@gmail.com
Dublin 3817th Mai 2011
Energy
38
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