elements and principles of music

ELEMENTS & PRINCIPLES OF MUSIC

What is MUSIC?

is an aural art form consisting of organized sounds in time

is a form of expression, a means of communication

is a very much part of our lives. We use it for aesthetic, spiritual, social, cultural, therapeutic and recreational purposes

Several reasons why we study music Music brings joy and satisfaction

to all

Music is vitalizing factor for the other subjects in the school curriculum

Music supplies man’s potential power and energy for creative growth

Several reasons why we study music

Music enhances and improve human relationships and character building

Music is the panacea for all woes

Music Education

is not merely the teaching of music.

It is also relating of music to human life and promoting of its use and enjoyment.

Significance of Music Education

reflected in the passage of the Music Education Law (RA 4723)-an act giving importance to the teaching of music in the curricular of elementary and secondary schools in 1966.

Through the singing of folksongs ….the child demonstrates love of country, the primary aim of Article XV of the Constitution, Sec. 8, No. 4.

Objectives of Music Education

1. Enrich life experience through observation, exploration, discovery, cooperation and participation

2. Discover creative potentialities through singing, listening, playing, moving, reading and creating

Objectives of Music Education

3. Enhance visual and aural perception for aesthetic and intellectual value judgment

4. Utilize music as an outlet for one’s feelings

5. Gain acquaintance with music of different countries

Objectives of Music Education

6. Develop fellowship for universal communication and social cohesion

7. Awaken interest in global culture

8. Develop nationalistic spirit in adapting Philippine music

Objectives of Music Education

9. Gain familiarity with the different styles of Philippine songs, dances, festivals, musical instruments

10. Involve community participation for a harmonious school-community relationship

AREAS OF MUSIC INSTRUCTION

•SINGING•LISTENING•MOVING•PLAYING•READING•CREATING

SINGING…

Is the child’s outlet of his emotions and energy

Criteria in the selection of songs: Musical value Suitability to the grade level Suitability to the occasion Proper range Beauty of tone

LISTENING… The first school experience with

music is listening Several levels of listening

Passive of receptive listening Exploratory listening Inner listening Normative listening Interpretative listening Analytic listening Remembered listening

MOVING… Music encompasses mind, body

and feeling Movement is a means of fostering

human capacities for creativity, imagination and wisdom

Movement for spatial relations Rhythmic presentations Action songs Dance

PLAYING…

Is an exhilarating experience to children in synchronizing expressive physical activities and to parade and display their developed physique and acquired skill

READING…

Is the ability to translate a system of formal arrangements of abstract symbols into meaningful patterns of sounds and movements

CREATING…

This activity enable the child to give expression to personal musical initiative and can bring to him a very intimate and revealing insight into significant values of music itself

1. tempt2. heat3. test4. ripe5. medal6. ditch7. sold8. bolo9. gone10. blur

1. tempo2. beat3. rest4. pipe5. pedal6. pitch7. hold8. solo9. tone10. slur

ACTIVITY:LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES

1. compost2. line3. pound4. tuna5. corner6. chores7. ford8. marsh9. top10. ringer

1. composer2. fine3. sound4. tune5. cornet6. chorus7. form8. march9. pop10. singer

ACTIVITY:LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES

1. pace2. son3. fort4. cod5. lent6. ode7. lye8. not9. vice10. old

1. space2. song3. forte4. coda5. lento6. mode7. lyre8. note9. voice10. hold

ACTIVITY:LITERARY – MUSICAL GAMES

How do we fully understand and

appreciate any form of art?

it is important and necessary to know the materials used by the creative artists

MATERIALS USED BY THE CREATIVE ARTISTS

PAINTERS

ARCHITECTS

SCULPTORS

COMPOSERS - ???

Fundamentals of Music

o Rhythm o Melodyo Harmony & Textureo Formo Timbre or Coloro Tempoo Dynamics

RHYTHM (ritmo)

o BEAT o Basic pulse of music

o ACCENTo Emphasis on a sound indicated by

>o METER

o Regular occurrence of accented and unaccented beats

o Indicated by two symbols: time signature and the bar lines

The beat in music

RHYTHM (ritmo)

o Common Meterso Duple metero Triple metero Quadruple meter

The beat in music

MELODIYA (melodiya)

o PITCH (antas ng tunog)o Highness of lowness of sound

o DURATION (katagalan)o The length of time a sound

occupies---how long or how short the sound is heard

The tune in music Made up of both rhythm and pitch

HARMONY (armonya)

o TRIAD (triad)o Simple chord having 3 tones

o CONSONANCE (konsonante)o Agreeable and harmonious effect

of chords such as major or minor

Simultaneous sounding of two or more tones

HARMONY (armonya)

o DISSONANCE (Disintonado)o Combination of chords that has

the effect of tension which usually resolves to a consonant chord like 7th chords, augmented & diminished

o BROKEN CHORD o A chord in which the tones are

played one after the other rather than simultaneously

Simultaneous sounding of two or more tones

TEXTURE (tekstura)

o MONOPHONY (monoponya)o Single melodic line

o POLYPHONY (poloponya)o Two or more different lines being

sung or played simultaneously

o HOMOPHONY (homoponya)o Melody with chordal

accompaniment

Relationships between one or more “melodies” and other accompanying musical sounds

TEXTURE (tekstura)

o MIXED TEXTURE o Polyphony and homophony

o HETEROPHONY o Two or more voices or instruments

elaborating or improvising on the same melody at the same time

Relationships between one or more “melodies” and other accompanying musical sounds

FORM (anyo)

o NOTEo A musical sound or its symbol

o MOTIVE o The smallest part of a musical

compositiono Self contained unit in music

consisting of two or more successive notes which form a distinctive rhythmic, pitch or melodic pattern

Is the structure/design in music

FORM (anyo)

o PHRASEo A musical line that expresses a

complete musical idea

o PERIOD o Formed when 2 phrases

(antecedent and consequent phrases) are put together in question-and-answer form

Is the structure/design in music

FORM (anyo)

o SECTIONo Formed from phrases and periods

o UNITARY FORM o Has only one section

o STROPHIC FORMo Has two or more sections that use

the same tune but different lyrics

Is the structure/design in music

FORM (anyo)o BINARY FORM

o Has two contrasting section (AB)

o TERNARY FORM o Has three sections, the third

similar to the first (ABA)

o RONDO FORMo Has contrasting sections in

between repetitions of the A section (ABACA)

TIMBRE/COLOR (timbre)

o CLASSIFICATION OF VOICEo Sopranoo Altoo Tenoro Basso Baritoneo Contralto

Tone quality

TIMBRE/COLOR (timbre)

o CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS

o Aerophoneso Chordophoneso Idiophoneso Membranophoneso Electrophones

Tone quality

TEMPO (tyempo)The speed in music

DYNAMICS (dynamika)Loudness and softness of sound

Group 1 Create movements

Group 2 Dramatize a song

Group 3 Change words of the song

Group 4 Create partner songs

GROUP ACTIVITY:

SALAMAT PO!!!

MILDRED Z. GALLENOTayabas East Central School II

Tayabas East District