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More Than Bricks and Mortar:Determining How the Psychological Qualities of Home Places Influence Resident Well-being
Stephanie Wilkie, Q-Pei Tan, Joanne O’LynnDepartment of PsychologyUniversity of Sunderland U.K.
Research QuestionsHow does home influence resident well-being? (Study 2)
Limitation: Housing is not home.- A range of places are considered home
Limitation: Psychological qualities not explored.
- Implied link after urban regeneration
What are the key qualities of home places? (Study 1 and 2)
Limitation: Overlap between terms and lack of consensus regarding key qualities.- Social/Personal /Physical framework- Between 6 – 15 characteristics- Absence of people-place concepts
Limitation: Absence of a general measure of home qualities.- Qualitative methods dominate- Existing measures too specialized
Housing- Physical structure- Quality
Influences on well-being- Lack of control- Incivilities- Quality
DampNoise
Differentiating Housing & Home (LO1)
Home-Physical + Activity + Meaning
Influences beyond housing quality-Urban regeneration
Autonomy
Haven
Status
Home Places
Country1
State2
City3
Place4
1
32
N = 129 and N = 96
Home Residence (52-58%)
Items (41 to 22 to 14)PD-S: Feeling safe is one of the appeals of this place.
PD-L: The layout of the place works well for my needs.
PA: I would like to live here the rest of my life.
PI: Many of my happiest memories have occurred here.
Organizing Qualities with Established Concepts (LO2)
Place Depend
ence (Social and Lifestyle)
Behaviour: Centrality &
commitment
Place Attachment
Affect: Emotional bonds
Place IdentityCognition: ‘Who I am’ Territori
alityOwnership &
Control
Home
Relative Importance Varied
Place Attachment Place Identity Territoriality Place Dependence1
2
3
4
5
6
7
2.8
3.89
4.73
5.18
Place Attachment Place Identity Lifestyle Place Dependence
Territoriality Social Place Dependence
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5.36
6.366.54
6.91
8.09
Study 1 Study 2
Satisfaction with Home
Place DependenceLayout Style Belonging Safe Comfortable
57%
What are the key qualities of home? (RQ1)
Limitation 2: No general measure
- Not an alternative measure of satisfaction.
Limitation 1: Need for clarity
Reduction of categories and terminological variation.
- Four factors consistent with common person-place concepts and applicable to a range of home places.
- Place dependence is the key construct for considering a place home.
- Physical qualities associated with home are focused on goal support.
Subjective (Diener)
Life Satisfaction
Judgment of overall quality of life
How does home influence resident well-being? (RQ2)PsychologicalSelf-determination Theory (Deci & Ryan)
Basic Psychological Needs
- Autonomy- Competence- Relatedness
Vitality- State measure- Feel alive and energetic
Life Satisfaction & Vitality
35%Place Dependence
24%Place Dependence
Basic Psychological Need Fulfillment
33%Place DependencePlace Identity ( - )
Autonomy Competence Relatedness
17%Territoriality
23%Place Dependence
Potential Applications (LO3)Post-occupancy Evaluation
Value-added Approach
- Important to satisfaction
- Provides an additional measure to assess project outcomes
Design & Urban Regeneration
Physical + Social
- Compliments traditional quality measures
- Integrate ‘soft’ benefits of regeneration into the planning process
- Tool for agencies (e.g. social housing)
Clinical & Counseling
Home not a happy place
- Forced relocation
- No home or negative
- Encourage bonds with other locations
Integrating the Qualities of Home into Person-Place Theories (LO4)
Sense of Place
Place Dependence Place Identity Place
Attachment
What comes first?
• Attachment or Identity
• Both sub-ordinate to another
Home or Place?
• Is home just a special type of place?
HOME n.
1. A place where one lives; a residence.
2. The physical structure within which one lives, such as a house or apartment.
3. A dwelling place together with the family or social unit that occupies it; a household.
4. a. An environment offering security and happiness.b. A valued place regarded as a refuge or place of origin.
5. The place, such as a country or town, where one was born or has lived for a long period.
6. The place where something is discovered, founded, developed, or promoted; a source.
7. A headquarters; a home base.
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