editorial...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationInternational Journal of OtolaryngologyVolume 2012, Article ID 237631, 1 pagedoi:10.1155/2012/237631

Editorial

Surgical Aspect of Facial Nerve Disorders

Sertac Yetiser,1 Peter S. Roland,2 and Nebil Goksu3

1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Anadolu Medical Center,41400 Kocaeli, Turkey

2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, University ofTexas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA

3 Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, Medical School,Gazi University, 06500 Ankara, Turkey

Correspondence should be addressed to Sertac Yetiser, syetiser@yahoo.com

Received 18 December 2011; Accepted 18 December 2011

Copyright © 2012 Sertac Yetiser et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Facial expression is the essential complementary of the verbalcommunication between humans. “Face is a window tothe heart.” An ancient proverb tells us the importance offacial expression more than anything. When harmonic andsymmetric movement of both sides of the face has lost, one isunable to express his emotion by distorted facial movement.This person becomes unwilling to communicate, hideshimself, and escapes from social events. It is a collapsinglife for patients not being able to cope with physical andpsychological consequences of a facial paralysis.

Facial nerve is one of the unique cranial nerves innervat-ing several tiny muscles and maybe the original one travelingthrough a long bony tunnel. These particular features makethis nerve more vulnerable to different injuries than othersresulting in obvious involvement of several agonist andantagonist muscles. An injury which may not be so harmfulfor others may cause a long-term bothersome problemby entrapment of axonal conduction. Thereafter criticalquestions directed by the patients are as follows: Is the facialfunction expected to recover soon, to what extent, and when?The primary problem facing the clinician is to distinguish thepatients who will recover spontaneously or with medicationfrom those who will not.

Facial nerve dysfunction can be seen in a sudden orgradual manner. However, investigation of possible under-lying causes as well as a prognostic evaluation is necessary.For more chronic problems, a multidisciplinary team workprovides better solutions for the relief of symptoms. Pro-tection of eye, prevention or treatment of synkinesis, and

resolution of psychological problems are best handled withcollaboration between specific experts. As a summary, acutefacial nerve dysfunction, chronic facial nerve problems, andits several presentations can be managed by medical andsurgical ways. However, there will always be a new approachto this old problem.

Restoration of functional integrity of the diseased facialnerve has been subject of studies for decades. This specialissue about facial nerve problems, probably, will not be thelast one. However, prognosis of facial nerve injury, selectionof good candidates for surgery, decision making and timing,as well as the type of approach always need new updatesand renewals. This special issue will give some insight to thisproblem and promote a discussion of some different aspectsof the facial paralysis.

Sertac YetiserPeter S. Roland

Nebil Goksu

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