drugs & diseases
Post on 23-Feb-2018
223 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
1/21
Drug Name Type
Azidothymidine (AZT) thymidine analog
Didanosine adenosine analog
Acyclovir guanine analog
Tenofovir AMP analog lacks pentose ring
deoxycytidine analog
deoxyadenosine analog
cytidine analog
5azacytidine cytidine analog
5-fuorouracil - THYMINE !racil analog
azathioprine "#$A% purine analog
allopurinol - GOUT purine analog
adenosine & '" *+A#T purine (nucleoside slo,s heart rate
ciprofo!acin -!inolone inhi.its gyrase activity
nalidixic acid -!inolone
novo.iocin co!marin n/a
camptothecin n/a
etoposide n/a
actinomycin D 'treptomyces strain0 f!ng!s .inds tightly to dsD%A
gets phoshorylated ton!cleoside1 lacks 23 "*
gets phoshorylated ton!cleoside1 lacks 23 "*
open chain str!c instead of
pentose ring0 causing"ermina"ion o# DN$
rpln%converted to acyclovirtriphosphate .y thymidine
kinase
cytosine ara.inoside 4&y"ara'ine
!n!s!alplanarstr!cind!ces D%A damage
adenosine ara.inoside )idara'ine
!n!s!alplanarstr!cind!ces D%A damage
5aza3deoxycytidine 4Deci"a'ine
disr!pts epigenetic processof methylation1 has % atom
at 53 position of cytidine
disr!pts epigenetic processof methylation1 has % atom
at 53 position of cytidine
con*er"ed "o +dUM,%ini'i"s syn o# "ymine
nucleo"ides
meta.olized into 6
mercaptop!rine (a p!rine syninhi.itor)
lo,ers conversion of p!rinesto !ric acid end prod!cts(xanthine0 hypoxanthine)
.!ild!p of positive s!percoilsaro!nd rpln fork
prevents topoisomerase 7from religating D%A1 D%A
.reakage
prevents topoisomerase 77from religating D%A1
apoptosis
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
2/21
rifampin 'treptomyces strain0 f!ng!s
toxin .locks m#%A prod!ction
dip"eria "o!in .acterial exotoxin
s"rep"omycin - ./
macrolide s"ruc0 .inds to 89' ri.osome
n/a n/a
n/a .locks peptidyl transferase
p!romycin
#otenone :omplex 7 of +T:
Piericidin A :omplex 7 of +T:
Amytal :omplex 7 of +T:
Antimycin A :omplex 777 of +T:
:" :omplex 7; of +T: 7nhi.it :ytochrome "xidase
Azide :omplex 7; of +T: 7nhi.it :ytochrome "xidase
*ydrogen '!lphide :omplex 7; of +T: 7nhi.it :ytochrome "xidase
:yanide :omplex 7; of +T: 7nhi.it :ytochrome "xidase
"ligomycin :omplex ; of +T: 7nhi.its ATP 'ynthase
Atractyloside 7nhi.its ADP/ATP transport
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
3/21
D%P @nco!pler of ox phos Destroys Proton $radient
Aspirin @nco!pler of ox phos Destroys Proton $radient
Thermogenin (@:P) @nco!pler of ox phos Destroys Proton $radient
;alinomycin (ionophore) Destroys Proton $radient
$ramicidin (ionophore) Destroys Proton $radient
Mo.ile :arrier of B (polarinside0 nonpolar o!tside)
forms channel ,ithinmem.rane
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
4/21
Targe"s pro6eu7 Ini'i"ed En8yme Ini'i"ed &ell process
prok D%A rpln
prok D%A rpln
prok D%A rpln
prok D%A rpln
e!k DN$pol D%A rpln
e!k DN$pol D%A rpln
e!k D%A methyltransferase
e!k D%A methyltransferase
e!k "ymidyla"e inase D%A rpln
e!k p!rine syn enzymes D%A rpln
e!k !an"ine o!idase purine syn"esis
e!k n/a n/a
prok DN$ gyrase9 'ac D%A txn0 rpln
prok DN$ gyrase9 'ac D%A rpln
prok DN$ gyrase9 'ac D%A txn0 rpln
e!k topoisomerase 7 D%A txn0 rpln
e!k topoisomerase 77 D%A rpln
prok B e!k 2N$pol D%A txn0 rpln
reverse transcriptase0 #%Adependent D%Apol0 viral
reverse transcriptase0 #%Adependent D%Apol0 viral
DN$pol0 viral
reverse transcriptase0 #%Adependent D%Apol0 viral
D%A methylation0 geneexpression
D%A methylation0 geneexpression
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
5/21
prok 2N$pol D%A txn
e!k #%Apol 77 D%A txn
e!k $TPase #%A tln0 m#%A translocation
prok n/a #%A tln0 initiation
prok 89' ri.osome #%A tln0 elongation
prok 89' ri.osome #%A tln0 translocation
prok peptidyl transferase #%A tln0 elongation
e!k peptidyl transferase #%A tln0 elongation
prok B e!k aminoacylt#%A #%A tln0 elongation
insecticide
.acterial anti.iotic
anti.iotic
is a streptomyces anti.iotic
toxic glycoside from a plant has s!gar and noncar.
element
respiratory toxin prod!ced incocon!ts
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
6/21
is a streptomyces anti.iotic
protein in the mito of .ro,nadipose tiss!e in kids1
dissipation of *B gradientthat doesn3t go thro!gh ATPsynthase0 generates heat
activation of thermogenin d!eto hormone ind!ced release
of fatty acids fromtriglycerides in the .ro,n
tiss!e
make inner mem.ranepermea.le to compo!nds thatcant !s!ally cross increases
proton permea.ility
make inner mem.ranepermea.le to compo!nds thatcant !s!ally cross increases
proton permea.ility
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
7/21
$pplica"ions No"es
herpes (*';) treatment
treat *7; infection
an"i-cancer%
an"i-cancer
an"i-cancer
go!t treatment
an"i-cancer
anticancer
anticancer not !sed as an anti.iotic
targets retrovir!s replication(iCeC *7;)
=99299x anity for reversetranscriptase over D%Apol1minimal eEect on D%Apol
targets retrovir!s replication(iCeC *7;)
=99299x anity for reverse
transcriptase over D%Apol1minimal eEect on D%Apol
t!mor s!ppressor genesexpressed
t!mor s!ppressor genesexpressed
s!ppresses organtransplantation reFection
treat s!praventric!lartachycardia1 sleep reg!lation
(highG a,ake0 lo,G asleep)
!sed for respiratory0 @T70anthrax
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
8/21
t!.erc!losis treatment rifamycin family
from Death :ap m!shroom
anti.iotic
anti.iotic
anti.iotic
meningitis treatment
la. tool
no clinical !se
ca!sing intestinal pro.lemsinitially and later kidney andliver failt!re1 also contains
phalloidin .inds actin andinhi.its MT depolymerization
in liver cells
m#%A translocation .y$TPase .locked
not !sed .roadly1 may inhi.itmito ri.osomes
toxic to e!k1 prok andmitochondria not eEected
T"H7: to e!k I prok1 :Terminal p!romycin ca!sespeptide to fall o!t of Psite
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease
+T: I " cons!mptionDecrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease
+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 Decrease+T: I " cons!mption
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
9/21
Decrease ATP 'yn0 7ncrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 7ncrease+T: I " cons!mption
Decrease ATP 'yn0 7ncrease+T: I " cons!mption
dissipates proton gradient Decrease ATP 'yn0 7ncrease
+T: I " cons!mption
dissipates proton gradient Decrease ATP 'yn0 7ncrease
+T: I " cons!mption
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
10/21
$lycogen 'torage Diseases
Type6Name En8yme $:ec"ed ,rimary Organ
Type 9 $lycogen 'ynthase iver
$6Phosphatase deJciency iver
skeletal I cardiac m!scle
liver0 m!scle
skeletal m!scle
liver
Type K liver0 m!scle
Type = ;an$ierkes3s
Type Pompe3sDisease
ysosomal L=0& I L=06gl!cosidase (acid matlase)deJciency
Type 2 :ori3s or?or.e3s (imitDextrinosis)
L=06 gl!cosidasede.ranching enzymedeJciency
liver0 skeletal I cardiacm!scle
Type & Andersen3sDisease
A.sence of .ranchingenzyme gl!cosyl &G6transferase
Type 5 McArdle3s'yndrome
A.sence of m!sclephosphorylase
Type 6 *er3sDisease
deJciency of liverphosphorylase
deJciency of liverphophorylase kinase
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
11/21
N
Mani#es"a"ions
like 6
hypoglycemia0 early death0hyperketonia
liver cells I renal t!.!le cells
loaded ,/glycogenC*ypoglycemia0 ketosis0hyperlipidemiaC idney fail!reI throm.ocyte dysf!nction
Acc!m!lation of glycogen inlysosomesC 7nfantile form Odeath .y 1 !venile form Omyopathy1 Ad!lt form Om!sc!lar dystrophyes-!e
Acc!m!lation of acharacteristic .ranchedpolysaccharideC 7nfanthepatomegaly0 myopathy
Acc!m!lation of apolysaccharide having fe,.ranch pointsC *epatomegaly0cirrhosisC Death d!e to cardiacor liver fail!re in =st year oflife
Diminshed exercise toleranceC
M!scles have high glycogencontent0 little or no lactate in.lood after exerciseC :ramps0pain0 myoglo.in!ria
*igh glycogen in liverC*epatomegaly0 mildhypooglycemia0hyperlipidemia0 ketosisC7mproves ,/age
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
12/21
Disease
:hagas
eishmaniasis
+diting $l!tamate #eceptor in
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
13/21
MO
#%A +diting via $!ide #%A/:omplex
#%A +diting via $!ide #%A/:omplex
$l!tamine to Arginine in m#%A altering :aB permea.ility via Adenosine Deaminase
Apo< $ene1 :ytidine Deaminase enters a stop codon (
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
14/21
Organism
Trypanosome
eishmania
T'+1 Transmissi.le 'pongiform +nephalopathy
T'+1 Transmissi.le 'pongiform +nephalopathy
T'+1 Transmissi.le 'pongiform +nephalopathy
massi*e li@uid secre"ion--
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
15/21
I glycogenolysisQhypoglycemia I Fa!ndice
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
16/21
Diseases
$!illain
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
17/21
MO
'ch,ann3s destroyed via large acc!m!lation of lymphocytes0 macrophages I plasma cells in Axon nerve
Myelin detached from axon and destroyed1 destr!ction of "ligodendrocytes
oss of Dopamine secreting cells in '!.stantia %igra I
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
18/21
O"er
Demyelinating1 loss of m!scle f!nction ascending motor paralysis
=C Myeling .reakdo,n1 C Proliferation of Astrocytes1 2C #ed!ced cell!larity
Treat ,/ Dopa
Arrest of ne!ral crest cell migration to = segment of distal colon0 +%' a.sent
Metaplastic cells are more prone to malignancy
can erode into peritoneal cavity Q peritonitis I if any .lood vessels near erosion site0 they3ll .e
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
19/21
Disease
Patent D!ct!s Arterios!s
:oarctation of Aorta
Ann!lar Pancreas
"mphacele
@m.ilical *ernia
$astroschisisMeckel3s Divertic!l!m
+r.3s Palsy :5/:6
l!mpke3s Palsy :K/T=
Acromioclavic!lar 'eparati
%!rsemaid3s +l.o,
Pott3s Disease
Ankylosing 'pondylitis
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
20/21
MO
?ail!re of T$?< ind!ction after .irthQdoesn3t closeQDo,n 'yndrome0 :oarctation o
+xtenions of D!ct!s Arterios!s m!scles into Aorta ca!sing pinchingQT!rner 'yndrome
-
7/24/2019 Drugs & Diseases
21/21
1ide No"es
".stetrician/Motorcycle
".stetrician/:ervical #i.
fall on tip of sho!lder
top related