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Hybrid bio-chemical approach for treatment of Industrial
Wastewater
Dr. Sanjeev GuptaGrasim Industries Limited- Chemical
Division
International Conference on Sustainable Clean Ganga Mission 2015
Suspended solid Dissolved solids
◦ Soluble organics◦ Inorganic salts
Inorganic/Organic colloids
Colour COD BOD Microorganisms Toxic Metals Oil & Grease…..
MAJOR CONCERNS WITH WASTWATER
Most of the industries in India are expanding their production capacity to cope-up the increasing demand of products with the same or marginally higher water permit.
The industries are facing the task of handling the increased organic load and pollutants concentration in the effluent which is treated in the existing biological process.
Different combinations of biological processes as well as pre or post chemical treatment are followed to meet the stringent discharge norms or reuse of the treated water.
Background
v1(Organic material) + v2O2 + v3NH3 +v4PO4
3-
Microorganisms
v5(new cell) + v6CO2 + v7H2O
5
Chemical Treatment
Pre-treatment Capacity augmentation to bioprocesses Removal of recalcitrant toxic compounds Consistent quality of wastewater to
biological process Stable and better operation of bio
processesPost Treatment 100% assurance to meet the required
discharge norms Removal of non-biodegradable compounds
from treated wastewater Suitable for recycling/ reuse
Seed sludge Secondary sludge from pulp and paper mill ETP Cow dung
Wastewater Combination
Materials
Substrate COD (mg/l) AOX (mg/l)
CD 200 15
EOP 190 5
WBL 330 -
Starch 100 -
Total 820 20
Industry:Pulp and Paper
8
Waste activated sludge
Flocculants
EffluentInfluent
Diffused aeration
Secondary clarifier
Air
Recycled sludge
Aeration basinPrimary clarifier
Primary sludge
Bar screen
s
Nutrients
Reactor Volume (l) Process HRT (h)
I 6.0 ASP 8.0
II A 9.5 LSB 12.0
IIB 6.0 ASP 8.0
IIIA 3.0 MBBR 4.0
IIIB 6.0 ASP 8.0
*Parameter
RI RIIA RIIB RIIIA RIIIB
ASP LSB ASP MBBR ASP
pH (outlet) 7.8±0.3 8.0±0.2 7.9±0.2 8.3±0.2 7.8±0.1DO (mg/l) 2.3±0.7 4.5±0.8 2.0±1.1 4.9±0.7 2.5±1.3HRT (h) 8.1±0.2 13.1±0.2 8.3±0.1 4.1±0.1 8.1±0.1
MLSS (g/l) 4.45±0.50 0.234 4.52±0.50 - 4.48±0.52
Organic (%) 84.1±0.8 - 79.3±1.0 - 79.7±0.6SVI (ml/g) 9±1 - 28±3 - 33±4CODout (mg/l) 257±26 337±39 232±14 373±31 240±31
CODs reduction (%) 66.3±3.0 53.0±3.1 69.2±1.5 49.4±3.4 68.6±3.5
Colour reduction 40.5±1.6 27.0±5.4 43.1±8.0 11.8 36.3±5.8
AOX reduction (%) 41.6±4.6 33.8±1.0 47.1 36.7±3.3 37.1±6.5
Inlet PH: 7.0; COD: 754±28; Colour: 1676±134; AOX:16.1±0.6
RI
RII RIII
Chemical Treatment with
Coagulant and Flocculant
Selection of Coagulant/ Flocculant Dissolve charge (Cationic/ anionic thrash)
Zeta Potential
Colloidal nature
Floc size
Mechanism of liquid solid separation
√ Direct filtration
√ Sedimentation
√ Diffuse air flotation
√ Centrifuge
√ Hybrid
Issues and contaminants Color
Turbidity
Resins
Suspended solids
Recalcitrant organic compounds
Non biodegradable COD & TOC
Microbial contamination }M
ostly Anionic in N
ature
Charge Type Example
Cationic Amine Polyethyleneamine
hydrochlorideQuaternary Polydiallyldimethylammonium
Nonionic Polyalcohol Polyvinylalcohol
Amide Polyacrylamide
Anionic Carboxylic Polymethacrylic acid
Sulfonic Polyvinylsulfonate
Inorganic Coagulants
Organic Coagulants
Poly Aluminum Chloride (PAC)
Poly Aluminum Chloro Hydroxide (ACH)
Alum
Flocculants
The flocculants are generally high molecular weight polymer compounds; may broadly be divided into three categories
Cationic
Copolymers of N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl Acrylate Methyl
Chloride Quaternary or N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl
Methacrylate Methyl Chloride Quaternary and acrylamide
Anionic
Copolymers of acrylamide and acrylic acid
Nonionic
Polymers of acrylamide
Colloidal material
Coagulated material
Flocculated material Settling
Flash Mixing
Mild Mixing
Sample LignoPAC (mg/l)
Anionic Flocculant
(mg/l)
COD (mg/l)
Colour (PCU)
Control - - 234 1050
Set-1 200 0.5 129 200
Control - - 260 1140
Set-2 250 0.5 89 180
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
SampleSludge
generation (mg/l)
Organic content
(%)
TDS (mg/l)
Calorific value
(kcal/kg)
Control - - 1720
Set-1 201 40.3 1480 2873
Control - 1810
Set-2 285 40.6 1505 2510
Sample LignoPAC (mg/l)
Al added(mg)
Sludge (g)
Al (mg)
Wastewater Sludge
Set-1 200 98 1.005 ND 84.2
Set-2 250 123 1.425 ND 107.3
Volume of sample treated: 5.0 l
22
Waste activated sludge
Flocculants
EffluentInfluent
Diffused aeration
Secondary clarifier
Air
Recycled sludge
Aeration basinPrimary clarifier
Primary sludge
Bar scree
ns
Nutrients
Plant scale Treatment
MBBR
DAF
Thanks Dr. Sanjeev GuptaAssistant General ManagerApplication support and product
DevelopmentGrasim Industries Limited- Chemical
Divisionsanjeev.p.gupta@adityabirla.com+91 8154007555
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