discretionary powers
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Discretionary Powers
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Case
Lord Diplock Secretary of State forEducation and Science v TamesideMetropolitan BoroughCouncil:
The very concept of discretion involvesthe right to choose between more thanone possible course of actionupon
which there is room for reasonable peopleto hold differing opinions as to which is tobe preferred in a given situation.
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Difference
Discretionary Power Admin body has
many choices
Ex: Minister mayinhis discretionrant!ref"se a license
s#$%&' (nd"strial)elations Act *+,-:.Minister may/ if hethinks fit refer to(nd"strial Co"rt.
Ministerial Power
Minister shall/may
take the followin
matter intoconsideration
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Examples of 011 in stat"tes
s&%&' Printin Presses and P"blication Act*+23
.444may in his absol"te discretion.
s#,%#' (nd"strial )elations Act *+,-
.444 may/ if444 is satisfied444 that it isexpedient.
s#$%&' (nd"strial )elations Act *+,-:.Minister may/ if he thinks fit refer to(nd"strial Co"rt. 5 6on Leon case
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Dicey 5 Discretionary power leads to
arbitrary powers which is aainst )7L
8he definition has been amended:
Absol"te discretion aainst )7L b"t wide
discretionary power is allowed with
control4
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Absol"te Discretionary Power
Co"rt9s interpretation:
5 Penarah 8anah dan alian ;P < =ri Lempah
Enterprise p 3+ proforma
>nfettered discretion is a contradiction in terms4E
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@"dicial Control
Doctrine of >ltra '
5 (mplied limitation %extended
>'
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@"dicial Control
*4 8raditional ro"nds
#4)eclassification of ro"nds 5 CC=> Case
5 common practice&4Bew ro"nds
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*4 8raditional ro"nds
8raditional ro"nds
Ab"se of discretion Bon5Exercise of Discretion
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Ab"se of discretion
eneral principle: 6as many ro"nds
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*st ro"nd: Mala fide
.Dishonest intention/ fra"d on
power!personal animosity/ corr"pt moti
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MP=P < 8ropiland =dn 1hd
Pf want to b"ild a b"ildin and ot the appro
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6C held that there was mala fide4 1"t C7A held that mala fide cannot be pro
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Dato =eri Anwar (brahim < PP
%#$$$' %C7A'
PP bro"ht 3 corr"ption chares aainst
Df4
Df challened the decision on mala fide4
C7A held that mala fide cannot be pro
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)ead pG# proforma
="lnayah 6? M (sa
Abd"l hani 6aroon %Bo4&'
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#nd ro"nd: improper p"rpose
Co"rt will look at a' the p"rpose P passed stat"te b' p"rpose behind action of admin body
Padfield: 67L 5 when P conferred thediscretionary power to the admin body/ it wasmade on the condition that the power will becarried o"t to "phold the policy and ob?ecti
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Padfield
Case concernin milk5marketin scheme "nder Akta PemasaranPertanian
>nder this act/ Milk Marketin 1oard %MM1' was formed MM1 i
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=ri Lempah case
>nder s*#3%G'%c' BLC/ =tate A"thority i
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&rd ro"nd: Admin body took into
acco"nt irrelenion of@o"rnalists
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;ednesb"ry Corp
Co"rt a
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Minister of Labo"r < Bational >nion
of @o"rnalists A reporter attended a conference in 8okyo
Acc"sed of improper cond"ct with another female reportin 8okyo
;hen ret"rn/ dismissed
6) Minister did not want to refer to (nd"strial Co"rt
Minister i
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3th ro"nd: >nreasonableness
;ednesb"ry
Corp
%reene L'
;ideinterpretation
5 the abo
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Barrow (nterpretation
L4 reene: >nreasonableness test.=omethin so absurd that no reasonableor sensible person co"ld ha
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;ednesb"ry
"nreasonableness
.=omethin so abs"rdthat no reasonable or
sensible person co"ld
ha (rrationality test
.A decision which is so
o"traeo"s in its defianceof loic or of accepted
moral stds that no
sensible person who had
applied his mind to the
"estion to be decidedco"ld ha
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="b5;ednesb"ry
Lower threshold of
"nreasonableness
>sed in basic rihts
case
As a res"lt of the criticisms on ;ednesb"ry test/ two new concepts
arise:
="per5;ednesb"ry
6iher threshold of
"nreasonableness
>sed in cases
in
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Position in Malaysia
)eferred to narrow interpretation L4reene/ b"t M9sian co"rts "sed it in themore flexible manner
5 =ri Lempah %chane of "se of land/condition freehold HI leasehold"nreasonable'
5 MP=P < 8ropiland %lost/ co"rt say
reasonable condition' 5 Chai Choon 6on < 0et"a Polis Daerah
0ampar
Ch i Ch 6 0 t P li D h
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Chai Choon 6on < 0et"a Polis Daerah
0ampar
License to hold a meetin
# conditions: %i' meetin is allowed from
Gpm 5 **4&$pm/ %ii' only - speakers
allowed for the meetin
decision challened
co"rt refer to ;ednesb"ry test %sho"ld be.not so abs"rd.' b"t co"rt held
"nreasonable 5 flexible interpretation
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Concept of s"b5;ed and s"per5;ed not yet "sed %b"t
refer to =""mar 1alakrishnan'
=1 5 fairness e"ated to Art 2 5 # cateories 5 =P
*st ro"nd: =G+ clearly states that no riht to be heard%lost'
#nd ro"nd: reasoned decisionJ co"rt said if ppn x i
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)ead
="dha Pillai
8owards a re5form"lation of ;ednesb"ry
>nreasonableness in Malaysia K#$$$ 3
ML@ cxxi
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PA)8 #
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Bon5exercise of discretionary
powers *4 Bon5application of mind
N ="k"maran < 8imbalan Menteri 6al Ehwal Dalam Beeri
s43 7rdinan Dar"rat %0etenteraman Awam Penceahan @enayah' 5 minister ha
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#4 Actin "nder dictation
Chon Chen ;ah < =i
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Chon Cheon ;ah
=tat"te conferred power to a"thority to confiscateany kind of p"blication material if it containsprohibited p"blication or bad p"blication4
8here is a circ"lar which was iss"ed by the pihak
atasan ?abatan which stated that certain booksare not ood
As a res"lt of this circ"lar/ a"thority confiscatedthe books in "estion4
Co"rt held that seiO"re wronf"l as the a"thoritysho"ld ha
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Patto < Chief Police 7fficer
Power to rant license on 7CPD
App applied to 7CPD to host a dinner and
draon dance in a p"blic place b"t 7CPD
forwarded the application to CP7
Co"rt cancelled the CP79s decision
beca"se the power was on 7CPD
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&4 Actin Mechanically
Morgan !erumal v $ussein %bdul Ma&id
A arrested by the *st ) "nder the
Emerency %P"blic 7rder and Pre
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A then applied to the 6C for a writ ofhabeas corp"s for his release which
application was dismissed4 8he appellant appealed4
8he main ro"nd of the appeal was that
the detention is in
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A also contended that 5 lon delay!lare apbtwn the dates of the alleed criminal
acti
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6eld/ allowin the appeal and iss"inhabeas corp"s:
8he Dep"ty Minister m"st ha
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6owe
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enerally/ detention orders are iss"edbased on past criminal acti
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34 Fetterin of Discretion
64 La
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64 La
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RECLASSIFICATION OF GROUNDSREVIEW OF DISCRETIONARY POWER
CCSU( L.Diplock)
Groun!
Procedural IrrationalityIllegality
Irregularity
P.F. W"n"!#ur$ O%&"r!Unr"'!on'#l"n"!!
%& po!!i#l" *roun in %&" +u%ur", Propor%ion'li%$
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Doc%rin" o+ Propor%ion'li%$
N"- *roun 'cc"p%" #$ cour%! in 'l'$!i'. Ori*in'%" +ro/ Con%in"n%'l coun%ri"!. 0 i/por%'n% conc"p%!, Govt Action 1
Purpose/Objective of Govt
Conditions,') Go2% 'c%ion /u!% #" !ui%'#l" -i%& *o2%
'i/3o#4"c%i2" (5suitability test6)#) Go2% 'c%ion i! n"c"!!'r$ %o 'c&i"2" *o2%
o#4"c%i2" (5necessity test6)c) Go2% 'c%ion /u!% #" +'ir 3 &'2" r"'!on'#l"
r"l'%ion!&ip -i%& *o2% 'i/ (5proportionalitytest6)
+ i i l
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U!'*" o+ DoP in Con%in"n%'lCoun%ri"!
No% l% %o puni!&/"n% onl$ #u%*"n"r'l principl" u!" in 'll *o2%'c%ion!.
Cour% c'n r"2i"- merits of the case'n no% 4u!% proc"!! o+ "ci!ion
/'kin*
Con%r'r$ -i%& '/in l'- in En*l'n
A % #ili% + D P i
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Acc"p%'#ili%$ o+ DoP inEn*l'n
7'r %o #" 'cc"p%",
In En*l'n8 cour% c'nno% r"2i"- merits of thecase9
'n$ En*li!& 4u*"! in:u"nc" #$ Dic"$;! 2i"-'r" r"luc%'n% %o 'cc"p%.
CCSU
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Ex parte Hook
7ook i! ' #u!in"!!/'n8 &'! ' !%'ll in/'rk"% +or = $"'r!.
A% ni*&% '+%"r !%or" clo!"8 p"" in '
!%r""% n"'r &i! !%'ll. Lic"n!" -'! r"2ok" +or"2"r.
CoA, Puni!&/"n% ">c"!!i2" 'n no% ?.
Go2% 'c%ion unr"'!on'#l". U!"W"n"!#ur$ unr"'!on'#l"n"!! %oi/por% %&" DoP.
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Ex Parte Brind
4u*"! &' i2i" opinion8 0,0
@ri*" Ro!kill, DoP /'$ #"i/por%" in +u%ur"8 #u% no% in %&i!c'!"
Lo-r$ Ackn"r, c'nno% 'cc"p% DoP'% 'n$ %i/"
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Ini'
R'n4i% T&'kur
7"l, DoP u!" in i!ciplin'r$ 'c%ion'*!% ci2il !"r2'n%!
SC r"uc" puni!&/"n% on r"'!on o+ i%#"in* ">c"!!i2" 'n > ? #u% #rou*&%in un"r WU
R"' pro+or/' p* BB
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DOCTRINE OFPROPORTIONALITY IN
ALAYSIA
T T k S
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Tan Tek Seng
Fir!% #rou*&% in DoP %&rou*& Ar% B
Onl$ u!" +or puni!&/"n% #$ PSC9
5 R"+"rr" %o Ranjit Thakur (India) r'i!" "!%opp"l
pr"2"n%in* *o2% +ro/ p"r+or/in* %&"ir u%$.! 'outhend(on('ea v Hodgson A/in %"ll %&" co/p'n$, You on;% n""
pl'nnin* p"r/i!!ion %o u!" %&" pl'c".Co/p'n$ 'ppli"8 r"4"c%".
Cour%, I+ !%'%u%" con+"r Pon '/in #o$8> r'i!" "!%opp"l #$ in2 %o pr"2"n% '/in
#o$ +ro/ "n+orcin* i%! DP.)! %aker Air*ays v $ept of +rade Go2% &'! +r""o/ %o /'k" c&'n*" polic$
"2"n %&ou*& in2 /'$ !u"r lo!! #$ r"'!ono+ %&" c&'n*" in polic$
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Ini'
Motilal Padampat 'ugar Mills v 'tateof ,ttar Pradesh
C'n r'i!" "!%opp"l '*!% *o2% '! cour%
pu% /or" "/p&'!i! on cr"i#ili%$ o+*o2% pro/i!"!
R'%ion'l", To "n+orc" ' *oo 'n +'ir
'/ini!%r'%i2"8 *o2% /u!% +ulll i%!pro/i!"
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E!%opp"l
Mala0sia2
% Publi! Te3tiles $hd v ..N
% 'ovt o NS v 4a+ "hong .an
% MPPP v Sg 'elugor (statutor0bod0)
Pu#lic T">%il" @& 2 L"/#'*'
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Pu#lic T">%il" @& 2 L"/#'*'L"%rik N"*'r'
LLN un"rc&'r*" Pu#lic T">%il" @& +or K=/on%&!
K%& /on%&8 LLN r"'li" %&" /i!%'k" in %&""l"c%ric #ill
No- LLN '!k PT@ %o p'$ %&" i"r"nc" in !u/+or K= /on%&! o-in* %o %&"/
PT@ r'i!" "!%opp"l
Cour% r"+"r %o El"c%rici%$ @ill8 -&"r" '/oun% i!!%'%" in %&" !%'%u%"
I+ cour% 'llo-" PT@;! "!%opp"l8 %&"n i% -oulc'u!" LLN %o 'c% ul%r' 2ir"! !%'%u%"
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PPP 2 Sun*'i G"lu*or (FC)
W&"n !"n in 'pplic'%ion8 'l '!k" PPP (!%'%u%or$#o$) %&'% i! %&"r" 'n$ r"!%ric%ion in pric" %o #"c&'r*"
PPP i!!u" ' l"%%"r8 !'$ up %o $ou
W&"n 'ppli" +or r"n"-'l8 PPP !'$ c'nno% c&'r*"/or" %&'n R0B
Sun*'i G"lu*or !uc"!!+ull$ r'i!" "!%opp"l
E*'r o!"p& r, Coni%ion i/po!" #$ PPP i!con%r'r$ %o %&" pr"2iou! r"pr"!"n%'%ion (i%;! $our
p"r!on'l i!!u"8 -" -ill no% in%"r"+"r") @"'r in /in %&i! "ci!ion i! li/i%" %o i%! +'c%!
Principl", E!%opp"l c'n #" r'i!" '*!% statutorybodyin pl'nnin* p"r/i!!ion c'!"!.
Su#!%'n%i2" L"*i%i/'%"
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Su#!%'n%i2" L"*i%i/'%"E>p"c%'%ion (SLE)
N"- principl" Si/il'ri%$ o+ SLE 'n E!%opp"l Di +ro/ Proc"ur'l L"*i%i/'%" E>p"c%'%ion RT@7
!ngland: A% r!% cour%! in En*l'n i no% -'n% %o 'cc"p%%&" conc"p% o+ SLE Slo-l$ %&"$ !%'r%" %o 'cc"p%8 #u% Proc"ur'lL"*i%i/'%" E>p"c%'%ion,
""S15 &' o K v Ng 4uen Shiu * S!hmidt Di"r"nc" #"%-""n PLE SLE, ini2iu'lin%"n%ion
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L"*i%i/'%" E>p"c%'%ion
Proc"ur'l
A!kin* ' RT@7
To con!i"r#"+or" c&'n*in*polic$ A %o polic$@
Su#!%'n%i2"
Pl"'!" !%ick %opolic$ A8 co! -"
-ill !u"r un"rpolic$ @
T$in* *o2% %o
%&"irr"pr"!"n%'%ion
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5 E3 +, Khan
5 E3 +, Ruddo!k
5 M#K 1nder/riting &gents , SLE c'n 'ri!"i+ r"pr"!"n%'!ion /'" %o ini2iu'l3pu#lic.
5 E3 + $aker
5 E3 + amble #isheries .td 2
Coni%ion!,
R"'!on'#l" *roun E>p"c%'%ion /u!% #" -or%&$ o+pro%"c%ion
< Cour% -ill !"" i+ %&"r" i!5o2"rriin* pu#lic in%"r"!%6
Di +ro/ Proc"ur'l L"*i%i/'%"
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Di +ro/ Proc"ur'l L"*i%i/'%"E>p"c%'%ion
L"*i%i/'%"">p"c%'%ion
R"'!on'#l"*roun
)epresentation 5
87 (BD 7)P>1L(C
)e"lar Practice
5 CC=>
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E> P &'n
I+ ' coupl" -'n% %o #rin* ' c&il +ro/ P'ki!%'n%o En*l'n +or 'op%ion8 +"- coni%ion!
7u!#'n 'n -i+" 'l +ulll 'll %&" coni%ion! Su"nl$ *o2% c&'n*" polic$8 in%rouc" n"-
coni%ion!8 -&ic& /'" %&" coupl" un% T&"$ c&'ll"n*" *o2% "ci!ion CA in En*l'n c'nc"ll" %&" ini!%"r;!
"ci!ion #u% i% i no% u!" SLE
Cour% /'" "ci!ion #'!" on %&" r"'!on%&'% *o2% 'c%ion i! un+'ir. Ori*in'l coni%ion! 'ppli".
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E> p Ruock
Cour% '/i% %&'% '% r!% LE onl$ 'ppli"in En*l'n in %&" '!p"c% o+ proc"ur".
@UT LE i! no% l% %o proc"ur'l '!p"c%
onl$. LE 'l!o &'! !u#!%'n%i2" '!p"c% co!
principl" LE i! ' -i" principl" 'n
r"Huir"! %&" *o2"rn/"n% %o 'c% +'irl$.T&i! /u!% incl #o%& SP.
LE i/po!"! ' u%$ %o 'c% +'irl$.
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C'!"! %&'% o no% 'cc"p% SLE,
E3 +, Ri!hmond
% E3 +, argreaves !%ruck ou% %&"c'!" o+ amble #isheries.
SLE c'n onl$ #" u!" un"r *ui!" o+WU
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E> p Ric&/on
L"*i%i/'%" ">p"c%'%ion /u!% #"li/i%" %o proc"ur'l onl$.
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E> p 7'r*r"'2"!
SLE c'n onl$ #" 'ppli" %&rou*&W"n"!#ur$ unr"'!on'#l"n"!!
C'nno% #rin* i% un"r !"p'r'%"
*roun #u% -" unr"'!on'#l"n"!! i!2"r$ &'r %o pro2"
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"alaysia,
MPPP v Sg 'elugor < r"+"rr" %o7'/#l" Fi!&"ri"!. Appli" SLE.
Dato Seri &n/ar Ibrahim
4ee Seng Plantations v KerajaanNegeri Terengganu
% .a/ Pang "hin * 6rs v Ta/auMuni!i+al "oun!il 789:9; 8 ".< =8:
S i # &i
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D'%o S"ri An-'r I#r'&i/
D+ i! con2ic%" -i%& coun%! o+ corrup%ion un"r %&"E/"r*"nc$ Orin'nc" (E!!"n%i'l Po-"r!)
Coun!"l +or D+ r'i!" SLE co! on 00 S"p%"/#"r KJJ*o2% 'nnounc" in%"n%ion %o p"r&'p! r"p"'l %&i!orin'nc"
D+ !'i %&'% %&i! 'nnounc"/"n% &'! in2ok" LE %&'%&" -ill no% #" c&'r*" un"r %&i! Orin'nc".
Cour% r"4"c%" D+;! 'r*u/"n%. T&i! orin'nc" i!"!!"n%i'l %o *"% ri o+ corrup%ion in %&i! coun%r$.
7"nc"8 *o2% i! no% #oun #$ %&" 'nnounc"/"n%. Un+'ir +or ' p"r!on -&o co//i%! 'n o"nc" i+ c'nin2ok" SLE.
A*'in!% pu#lic in%"r"!%.
Y"" S"n* Pl'n%'%ion! 2
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Y"" S"n* Pl'n%'%ion! 2"r'4''n N"*"ri T"r"n**'nu
App"ll'n% o-n" ' +"- pi"c"! o+ l'n in T"r"n**'nu. S%'%" Go2% %ook o2"r +"- 'cr"!.
App lo*" ' co/pl'in% un"r L'n AcHui!i%ion Ac%KJ=.
N"*o #%-n SA 'n App. A con!"n% or"r -'! r"cor" in cour%.
Accorin* %o %&i! or"r8 ' +"- pi"c"! o+ l'n /u!% #"*i2"n %o %&" App.
A+%"r %&'% S%'%" Go2% #rok" i%! pro/i!" on %&"">cu!" %&'% i% -'! no% #oun #$ %&" con!"n% or"r.
Cour% r"4"c%" SA;! 'r*u/"n% AND &"l %&'% SA i!#oun #$ !'i con!"n% or"r.
L'- P'n* C&in* 2 T'-'u
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L'- P'n* C&in* 2 T'-'uunicip'l Council
T&"r";! ' pi"c" o+ l'n o-n" #$ ' co/p'n$. Co/p'n$ *o% i%! lic"n!" +ro/ R"!p. Co/p'n$ l"'!" %&" pl'c" %o App '! Fu4i 'rk"%
!%or"!. On" '$ 'll &' lunc&8 in2i%" R"!p. +or lunc&. R"!p. %ol %&"/ %&'% %&"$ c'n conuc% #u!in"!! '!
%&"$ lik"8 -ill no% in%"r+"r". L'%"r R"!p -'! or"r" %o c"'!" 'll %&" op"r'%ion!. R"!p r'i!" SLE.
'4ori%$ o+ #"nc& !'i %&'% #%-n App 'n R"!p nocon%r'c%. T&" con%r'c% i! #%-n co/p'n$ 'n R"!p. I# !$A"% state dissenting judg&ent by GS'%
critically analy(e and state )*ic* you prefer+
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SU@STANTIVE UNFAIRNESS
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'n"k' G'n&i, EHu'li%$ +'irn"!! r"'!on'#l"n"!!
u"!%ion, c'n SLE (+'irn"!!) co/"
un"r Ar%
Di #% PF SF
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Di #%-n PF 'n SF
P'OC!U'A,AI'#!SS
Proc"ur"!'op%" #$ '/in#o$ #"+or"/'kin* "ci!ion/u!% #" +'ir (inclN)
Ini2iu'l c'nc&'ll"n*" decision(making process
SU.SA#I0!AI'#!SS
D"ci!ion /'" #$'/in #o$ /u!% #"
+'ir
No% r"l'%" %o '/inproc"ur"
Ini2iu'l c'nc&'ll"n*" "ci!ion
Con%ro2"r!i'l conc"p%
SU@STANTIVE UNFAIRNESS
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SU@STANTIVE UNFAIRNESS
!ngland Do"! no% u!"
SF '! !"p'r'%"*roun
Al-'$! #rin* inun"r-"n"!#ur$unr"'!on'#l"n"!!
"alaysia S 1 K!% c'!" %&'% !%'%"! "ci!ion /u!% #"
+'ir.
'a&a C*andran 1 A*r"" -i%& TTS (o#i%"r)
#g 2oc3 C*eng 4C5:
K. Puni!&/"n% #$ PSC c'nno% #" r"2i"-" #$cour%!9
An$ puni!&/"n% i/po!" #$ PSC on pu#lic!"r2'n%! i! no% %o #" in%"r+"r" #$ cour%!.
0. No SF in 'l'$!i'.
Sugu&ar 4COA5 1 SF (Ar% ) (i) "ci!ion /u!%
#" r"'!on'#l"9 (ii) puni!&/"n% /u!% #"propor%ion'%"
4C5 1 S%ruck ou% COA8 c'nno%u!" '! !"p'r'%" *roun o+ r"2i"- #"c'u!" En*o"! no% u!".
A#!olu%" i!cr"%ion'r$
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A#!olu%" i!cr"%ion'r$po-"r
Cr"'%" #$ cour%
A+ Prerogative po)er of &ercy 4'oyal pardon5:5 Art 67485 C - granted 9PA and 9P# po)er to
pardon but not stated any)*ere t*at court cannot
revie)+5 !ngland:ol"n '$! c'nno% Hu"!%ion p'ron8 #u% no-
c'n.5 India, Ar% 0 Ini'n Con!%i < po-"r %o p'ron pr"!i"n%.
SC po-"r c'n #" r"2i"-" i+ u!" 'r#i%r'ril$.5
"alaysia,
"hio* +hiam #uan v 'uptd of Pudu Prison -F".'im /ie "hon v 'uptd of Pudu Prison -'".
l i
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'l'$!i'
C&io- T&i'/ Gu'n 2 Sp% o+ PuuPri!on (FC)
Si/ i" C&on 2 Sp% Puu Pri!on (SC)
T&" po-"r o+ p'ron c'nno% #"r"2i"-" #$ cour% #"c'u!" i% i! 'pr"ro*'%i2" po-"r.
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@.Di!cr"%ion'r$ po-"r o+ A%%orn"$ G"n"r'l
Art 864;5 C< po-"r %o 5in!%i%u%"8conuc% or i!con%inu" 'n$ proc""in*!+or 'n o"nc"6
Cour% < %&i! po-"r c'nno% #" r"2i"-"
#$ 4uici'r$. Art < Cno% 'pplic'#l" &"r".
0ohnson +an Han 'eng v PP
( $ato Ha1i Harun b 2dris v PP( Mohd 3ordin 0ohan v A# of Malaysia
( PP v %au /ee Hoo
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C+ =OC'I#! O P,!ASU'!>
R"*'rin* /'%%"r! o+ !"r2ic" o+ pu#lic !"r2'n%!
Art 8;747A5 C Pengarah Pela1aran 4P v %oot +ing 5ee
( 7" -'! %r'n!+"rr" %o !o/"-&"r" "l!" #u% &" c'nno%c&'ll"n*" %&" "ci!ion '! &" i! no- &olin* %&" oQc"
'% %&" pl"'!ur" o+ %&" YDPA6 Cri%ici" #$ P 'in8 '! -" &'2" -ri%%"n con!%i%u%ion8
-&$ /u!% -" +ollo- -&'% i! &'pp"nin* in En*l'nCour% !&ouln;% #" %$in* %&"ir o-n &'n! #$ !'$in*%&'% %&"$ !&ouln;% %&ouc& c'!"! conc"rnin* %&i!
/'%%"r '! %&i! i! no% !%'%" in con!%i%u%ion
$ato 'eri An*ar 2brahim v Perdana Menteri7 Malaysia
P'!0!#I0! !!#IO#
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+ P'!0!#I0! !!#IO#
Ou!%"r Cl'u!" in!"r%" in pr"2"n%i2"
"%"n%ion !%'%u%"!. %ee #ee %am v +imbalan Menteri Hal(
Eh*al $alam 3egeri
'haharudin b!2dris v Menteri Hal(Eh*al $alam 3egeri
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!+ PU#IS2"!# A?A'! .9 PSC
3g Hock "heng
S%'%u%"
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S%'%u%"
S KC Soci"%i"! Ac% KJ==T&" "ci!ion o+ ' poli%ic'l p'r%$ 3 'n$ p"r!on
'u%&ori" #$ i% or i%! con!%i%u%ion or rul"! orr"*ul'%ion! /'" %&"r"un"r
on %&" in%"rpr"%'%ion o+ i%! con!%i%u%ion8 rul"! or
r"*ul'%ion! or on 'n$ /'%%"r r"l'%in* %o %&" ''ir! o+%&" p'r%$ shall be >nal * !on!lusive'n !uc& "ci!ion shall not be !hallenged8 'pp"'l"
'*'in!%8 r"2i"-"8 Hu'!&" or c'll" in Hu"!%ion inan0 !ourt on an0 ground8
'n no !ourt shall have jurisdi!tion to entertainor "%"r/in" 'n$ !ui%8 'pplic'%ion8 Hu"!%ion orproc""in* on 'n$ *roun r"*'rin* %&" 2'lii%$ o+!uc& "ci!ion
Ar% KB()
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Ar% KB()
() No%-i%&!%'nin* 'n$%&in* in %&i! Con!%i%u%ion(') %&" !'%i!+'c%ion o+ %&" Y'n* iP"r%u'n A*on*
/"n%ion" in Cl'u!" (K) 'n Cl'u!" (0#) !&'ll #" n'l'n conclu!i2" 'n !&'ll no% #" c&'ll"n*" or c'll" inHu"!%ion in 'n$ cour% on 'n$ *roun9 'n
(#) no cour% !&'ll &'2" 4uri!ic%ion %o "n%"r%'in or"%"r/in" 'n$ 'pplic'%ion8 Hu"!%ion or proc""in*8 in-&'%"2"r +or/8 on 'n$ *roun8 r"*'rin* %&" 2'lii%$ o+
(i) ' Procl'/'%ion un"r Cl'u!" (K) or o+ ' "cl'r'%ion/'" in !uc& Procl'/'%ion %o %&" ""c% !%'%" in
Cl'u!" (K)9(ii) %&" con%inu" op"r'%ion o+ !uc& Procl'/'%ion9(iii) 'n$ orin'nc" pro/ul*'%" un"r Cl'u!" (0#)9 or
(i2) %&" con%inu'%ion in +orc" o+ 'n$ !uc& orin'nc"
P"n"k'%'n @'ru
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P"n"k'%'n @'ru
UST READ AND AE CASE NOTES
R R'/' C&'nr'n 2 Inu!%ri'l Cour%'l'$!i'
Cour%! o+ uic'%ur" Ac%
!0B
Sc&"ul" !0B(0)
p'r' K
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