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September 2011
DISCIPLINE OF RADIATION THERAPY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
STUDENT HANDBOOK
(http://www.medicine.tcd.ie/radiation_therapy)
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_________________________________________________________Table of Contents
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CONTACT DETAILS Page 3
INTRODUCTION Page 4 SERVICES AND FACILITIES Page 7 DISCIPLINE MEETINGS Page 8 STUDENT REPRESENTATION/STUDENT SUPPORT Page 8 COURSE OUTLINE page 10 STUDENT LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT Page 12 STYLE GUIDE FOR WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS Page 16 REFERENCING Page 20 PLAGIARISM Page 29 CLINICAL PLACEMENT Page 33 DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURES Page 35 HEALTH & SAFETY Page 35 SENIOR SOPHISTER RESEARCH PROJECT Page 37 FOUNDATION & NON-FOUNDATION SCHOLARSHIP Page 43 GENERAL INDICATIONS ON GRADE COMPONENTS Page 47 ACADEMIC YEAR STRUCTURE Page 49 CLINICAL PLACEMENT YEAR TIMETABLE Page 50
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___________________________________________________________Contact Details
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CONTACT DETAILS
Staff Main Area of Responsibility
Extension Email
Mary Coffey Head of Discipline 3248 mcoffey@tcd.ie
Agnella Craig Lecturer (Principles and Practice of Cancer Care)
3926 agnella.craig@tcd.ie
Dr Gerard Menezes
Lecturer (Physics for Radiation Therapy)
3924 Gerard.Menezes@tcd.ie
Michelle Leech Deputy Head Lecturer (Treatment Planning)
3252 leechm@tcd.ie
Dr Laure Marignol Head of Research and Lecturer (Radiobiology, Research Methodology and Statistics)
3255 marignol@tcd.ie
Claire Poole Head of Clinical Education
2973 poolec@tcd.ie
Daléne Dougall Executive Officer 3234 dougallm@tcd.ie
Dr Sıobhán Ní Chuınneagáın
Lecturer on academic leave
snichuin@tcd.ie
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_____________________________________________________________Introduction
4
INTRODUCTION The aim of this handbook is to provide you with information relating to College
and College policy, specific information relating to the Discipline of Radiation
Therapy and a comprehensive course outline. The information contained in this
document is correct at the time of publication, but may be subject to review from
time to time. Students are reminded that they should refer to the University
Calendar for further details of General Regulations, and that the General
Regulations have primacy over departmental handbooks.
The Discipline of Radiation Therapy, School of Medicine, is located in the Trinity
Centre for Health Sciences, St. James‟ Hospital. The Radiation Therapy course
provided by the Discipline is a four year honours degree that entitles graduates to
become members of the Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy.
The major objective of the course is to enable students to become competent,
autonomous professional radiation therapists. This course is the only
programme offered nationally and, in this context, clinical education will take
place in all the radiotherapy departments in the country. Lectures will take place
on the College Campus and in the Discipline. In the Junior Freshman year a
higher percentage of the lectures are delivered on the College Campus with
fewer delivered in the Discipline. This percentage decreases through the Senior
Freshman and Junior Sophister years and in Senior Sophister all lectures take
place in the Discipline.
The Profession of Radiation Therapy
The radiation therapist is a member of the multidisciplinary team responsible for
the preparation and delivery of a course of radiotherapy to a cancer patient and
for the psychosocial care of the patient throughout the process. The degree
programme will provide you with the knowledge and skills to actively participate
in the appropriate areas of the patient pathway and to analyse, evaluate and
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_____________________________________________________________Introduction
5
make decisions as necessary. It will also prepare you to initiate, participate and
encourage research related to the profession.
Professional Body
As this degree confers a licence to practice as a Radiation Therapist,
membership of the Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy (the
professional body representing radiation therapists) is a requirement. The
student membership is €60.00 and covers membership for the four years of the
course. If you decide to remain as a member of the IIRRT after you have
graduated the full annual membership fee will apply.
Attendance
Regular and punctual attendance at lectures and clinical placements is a
requirement of the Discipline of Radiation Therapy and attendance records will
be taken. Students unable to attend for any reason should notify a member of the
academic staff or the Executive Officer before 10am or, if this is not possible,
ensure that the school is notified as early as is practical. A medical certificate
must be submitted if a student is absent, through illness, for a period exceeding
two days. Days missed from the clinical placements must be worked during the
holidays. Notes or handouts are not an effective substitute for attendance
at lectures, practicals or tutorials.
ENVIRONMENT
You are not permitted to bring food or drink into the lecture theatres or the
treatment planning laboratory. Canteen facilities are available in The Stone
Building located opposite the Trinity Centre for Health Science. Students must
not put feet/shoes on furniture. Please refrain from putting chewing gum on the
furniture.
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_____________________________________________________________Introduction
6
Mobile phones
Mobile phones must be turned off during all class or laboratory activities. Their
use is not permitted in the corridors when classes or laboratories are in progress.
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_______________________________________________________Services & Facilities
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SERVICES AND FACILITIES
Photocopying and printing
Photocopying cards can be purchased from the Discipline Executive Officer.
Cards cost €10.00 (200 copies) or €2.50 (50 copies). Please note: these cards
are not compatible with the photocopiers in the John Sterne Library or in College.
Paper for printing can also be purchased and a printer is available in the
treatment planning laboratory at a cost of €2.50 for 50 sheets. A4 Feint
Ruled/Margin and punched pads €1.00 each are also available from the
Executive Officer.
Computers
IS Services provide a number of computer rooms on campus for student use. All
students are provided with a username and password at registration and you will
need your username and password to login to these computers. Information on
these facilities can be viewed on the web at
http://www.tcd.ie/ISS/facilities/comp_rooms.php.
Radiation therapy students may also use the Treatment Planning Laboratory in
the Discipline of Radiation Therapy. PCs in this lab are on the Trinity network
therefore your username and passwords apply here. This laboratory is available
only to radiation therapy students. Please check the notice on the door for
opening hours and availability. Students may not use the computer
laboratory when classes are in progress. Food or drink is absolutely
forbidden in the laboratory at all times. College policies and procedures are to
be adhered to in this laboratory.
See college website for details: http://www.tcd.ie/Secretary/Policies/conduct.html
http://www.tcd.ie/ISS/facilities/comp_rooms.phphttp://www.tcd.ie/Secretary/Policies/conduct.html
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_______________Discipline Meetings and Student Representation / Student Support
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DISCIPLINE MEETINGS AND STUDENT REPRESENTATION
Student Representation
Student representatives are appointed following Students‟ Union/Graduate
Students‟ Union elections and will act as your representative for the academic
year. There will be one student representative for the Freshman years, one for
the Sophister years, and one for Postgraduates.
Discipline Committee Meetings
A full Discipline Committee Meeting will be held once each term. This committee
consists of all discipline staff and elected student representatives. Student
representatives attend as full members of the committee. If there is an issue you
would like raised at this level, please ask your student representative to place the
item on the agenda with the Executive Officer, preferably well in advance of the
meeting. It is the responsibility of the student representatives to consult with
those they are representing prior to the meeting, and afterwards to feedback
details of the meeting to them.
STUDENT SUPPORT
Tutor System
Your time spent in College should be both educational and enjoyable and the
staff of the Discipline is available to answer any questions you may have or to
offer support throughout your four years with us. In addition all students
registering in Trinity College will be assigned a tutor. This tutor is your contact
person if you have any queries or difficulties. For routine enquiries related to
your course please contact the Discipline Executive Officer.
E-mail
Each student will be provided with a Trinity e-mail account. This should be
checked regularly (daily) as this is one of the means by which you will be
contacted in relation to timetable changes or other important notices.
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_______________Discipline Meetings and Student Representation / Student Support
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Contact details
It may be necessary to contact you directly and to facilitate this contact details for
you will be kept on file in the Discipline Office. Please provide a mobile phone
number and inform the Executive Officer of any changes to your contact details.
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____________________________ ______________________________Course Outline
10
COURSE OUTLINE
The course will be delivered in eight semesters over four years. The mode of
delivery and assessment method is topic dependent and detail will be provided
separately. The overall structure of the course is given below and further detail
can be found in the College Calendar. The credit value of a subject reflects the
contact hours, independent study, preparation for tutorials or workshops and
assessment.
Junior Freshman
The modules of the Junior Freshman year and the associated credit value are:
Biological Principles and Properties (10 credits), Chemical Principles and
Properties (10 credits), Physics for Radiation Therapy (10 credits), Principles and
Practice of Cancer Care (5 credits), Psychology (5 credits), Anatomy 1(10
credits) and Clinical practice (10 credits).
Senior Freshman
The modules of the Senior Freshman year and the associated credit value are:
Physics for Radiation Therapy (5 credits), Biochemistry and Human Genetics (5
credits), Anatomy 2 (10 credits), Communication (5 credits), Physiology and
Histology (5 credits), Principles and Practice of Cancer Care (5 credits),
Research Methodology and Statistics (5 credits), Radiographic Anatomy (5
credits) and Clinical practice (15 credits).
Junior Sophister
The modules of the Junior Sophister year and the associated credit value are:
Anatomy 2 (10 credits)(for Junior Sophister students in 2011 only), Principles and
Practice of Cancer Care (10 credits), Radiobiology (5 credits), Radiotherapy
Treatment Planning (10 credits), Treatment preparation and localisation (5
credits), Physics for Radiation Therapy (5 credits) and Clinical practice (15
credits).
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____________________________ ______________________________Course Outline
11
Senior Sophister
The modules of the Senior Sophister year and the associated credit value are:
Principles and Practice of Cancer Care (5 credits), Treatment preparation,
localisation and Planning (5 credits), Health Care Management (5 credits),
Research Project (20 credits) and Clinical practice (25 credits).
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___________________________________________Student Learning and Assessment
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STUDENT LEARNING AND ASSESSMENT
As a University student your role is to be an active learner. This means that
you must involve yourself fully in the learning process and not rely on the
lecturers to provide you with all the material for a particular topic. The lecturers
are there to guide and advise you and to stimulate you to think, to identify and
evaluate relevant material, to enable you to carry out assignments independently
or within a group and to feed back your findings as part of the assessment
process.
It is important that you learn to organise and manage your time in order to
achieve the best results. You should keep up with the lectures throughout the
course and not rely on learning information at the last minute, prior to the
examination. Do not rely on rote learning. If you are having difficulties with a
particular aspect of a course ask for help as early as possible, it will be too late to
rectify the problem at the time of assessment. Remember that staff members are
here to help you to achieve your potential.
The purpose of assessment is to allow the lecturers to understand where you are
in relation to achieving the defined outcomes of the course and to aid in ensuring
you achieve these outcomes. From your perspective assessment allows you to
evaluate where you are in the learning process and areas where greater
attention is required. Assessment should test your knowledge, understanding
and ability to apply knowledge in different settings. Assessment can be
summative, as in the case of the end of year examination, or formative based on
continuous assessment. For this reason a wide range of assessment methods
are used in this programme, some of which are outlined below.
End of year examination
This type of examination takes the form of an unseen paper. A wide range of
questioning technique is used including MCQs, short answer questions and
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___________________________________________Student Learning and Assessment
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essays. End of year examination tests recall, understanding and ability to apply
information to specific situations.
In the examination it is important to:
attempt the required number of questions. The first ten minutes you
spend on an answer will invariably gain you more marks than the last ten
minutes.
Read the questions carefully and answer the question asked, do not write
all you know about a topic.
Write legibly and clearly mark all diagrams, graphs etc.
Look at the weighting in each section of the question as it indicates the
level of detail required, and answer accordingly.
Essay
An essay covers a specific topic in detail. This assessment method tests your
writing skills, ability to recall and integrate information from a range of sources,
level of comprehension of a topic, ability to apply knowledge in a wider context
and to draw logical conclusions.
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
A question stem is given with a list of alternative answers and the student is
asked to select one or more alternatives as defined by the question.
They are used to test ability to recall facts, to apply factual knowledge to specific
situations or to evaluate given information.
Project work
Project work in this programme may be either individual or in groups. Both
methods are designed to have specific outcomes. As an individual you will learn
to synthesise knowledge from a range of sources, to generate, develop and
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___________________________________________Student Learning and Assessment
14
evaluate ideas and information and apply them to the specific task set. As a
group member you will learn to communicate, collaborate, work as a team
member, delegate, monitor activity and evaluate the process.
Workbook / Portfolio
Workbooks are used in the laboratory based subjects and in clinical education.
Students have to assemble a body of work which illustrates an ability to apply
knowledge from a range of areas.
Oral presentations
Oral presentations are
Useful for helping you to identify the most important points in your work
and to present these in a concise and coherent manner.
Helpful to you in gaining the confidence to speak to an audience and to
answer questions as they arise.
Integral to several continuous assessment assignments.
UNDERSTANDING THE QUESTION
Describe
This requires detailed description of the given topic.
Define
A definition requires a clear and concise statement of the meaning of the word or
phrase given. Details are not necessary and will not, in general, gain extra
marks.
Compare
This requires you to consider two or more topics and discuss where similarities
exist between them.
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___________________________________________Student Learning and Assessment
15
Contrast
This requires that you consider two or more topics and discuss the aspects that
are different between them.
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____________________________ _____________Style Guide for Written Assignments
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STYLE GUIDE FOR WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS
Sentence and paragraph construction
“If you don‟t know where you‟re goin‟, you will probably not wind up there.”
- Forest Gump
Plan before you write. Write out ideas and organise them into a structure. Do not
work from line to line, work from this structure. When you write, avoid long
sentences. One thought per sentence is most effective. Aim for at least three
paragraphs per page. There should be natural breaks in the flow of what you
write; if there are not, you are probably alternating between ideas and need to re-
focus. Write with clarity and precision. Do not quote; paraphrase, providing
references. Do not use personal pronouns (I, we, ours etc).
Use the active voice
Passive
It has earlier been demonstrated that lung cancer can be caused by
smoking.
Active
Researchers earlier demonstrated that smoking can cause lung cancer.
Verbs
Keep verbs parallel
Consider the following example:
Not in parallel: “The lecturer said he was a poor student because he waited until
the last minute to search the literature, completed his assignment in a careless
manner and his motivation was low.”
Better – In parallel: “The supervisor said he was a poor student because he
waited until the last minute to search the literature, completed his data collection
in a careless manner and lacked motivation.”
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____________________________ _____________Style Guide for Written Assignments
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Choose tenses rationally
The present tense is used for stating the general case, what is already known,
what is widely accepted. Use the present tense to describe a treatment protocol
that is currently used. Use the past tense for specific citations and to refer to
researchers‟ results, for example, “Browne et al (2005) showed…”.
Tautology and unnecessary words
Avoid redundancy and tautology (saying the same thing twice, using different
language). In effective writing and particularly in scientific writing, efficiency and
clarity of language is key. Omit unnecessary words, for example, don‟t write “due
to the fact that”, use “because” instead. Write with directness, for example, "was
dependent upon" has the same meaning as" depended on".
Use of abbreviations
On first mention in the text do not abbreviate, but write out in full, followed by the
abbreviation in parentheses. Thereafter you can refer to this entity using the
abbreviation alone, for example, multidisciplinary team (MDT) or Radiation
Therapist (RT).
The correct word
Do not use words that you do not understand. Choose unambiguous vocabulary.
Less or Fewer?
Less is used when referring to collective noun (e.g., "less time")
Fewer is used when referring to multiple items (e.g., "fewer beams")
Which or That?
As a general rule, if changing "which" to "that" does not alter the meaning, then
"that" is probably correct.
Because or Since?
These are interchangeable, however "because" is often clearer than "since".
Effect or Affect?
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____________________________ _____________Style Guide for Written Assignments
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“Effect” used as a noun means “result”; as a verb it means “to bring about”.
“Affect” is an entirely different word that is used as a verb and means “to
influence”.
Some examples
Do not use Use instead
prove support
fact evidence
due to the fact that because
a decreased number of fewer
has been shown to be is
it is possible that may
exhibit show
utilize use
in other words thus/hence/therefore
Avoid the following: „few and far between‟, „in a sense‟, „in so many words‟,
„basically‟& clichés – they‟re “the tip of the iceberg”.
Structure your work
The required structure will be assignment-dependent. For written assignments
some or all of the following sections may be used:
Cover page
Table of Contents
Sections as required e.g.
Background/ Introduction
Discussion
Conclusions
References
Appendices
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____________________________ _____________Style Guide for Written Assignments
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The cover page should include: your name; student number; the title of the
assignment; the module; the lecturer‟s name; the submission date.
Each section must begin on a new page. It is not necessary to begin each
sub-section on a new page.
Page numbering
Pages should be numbered consecutively, except the cover page. Put the
numbers where they will be clearly visible; the right hand side of the page is best.
Tables & figures
Keep in mind that tables and figures should be self-explanatory, but you must
discuss them in the text and direct the reader from the text to the relevant
tables/figures by referencing the figures/tables in parentheses. Tables and
figures are numbered consecutively (using Arabic numbers) in the order in which
they are mentioned in the text.
Paragraphs & indentation
Generally, the first line of each paragraph is not indented. If you do something
like this, the most important thing is to do it consistently throughout the
document.
Capitalisation
Capitalise the first letter of important words. Capitalise names of organisations –
unless the organisation has a long name that is more like a description. You
should also capitalise headings and table titles.
Headings
For most pieces of work two or three level headings are sufficient. Do not put a
full stop at the end of a heading. The most important consideration for formatting
is clarity and consistency. If you choose, for example, to make the first heading
Times New Roman, bold, size 14, flushed left, all headings that follow should be
made the same.
Spacing and Punctuation
Space once after all punctuations, except around colons in ratios.
Word Count
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____________________________ _____________Style Guide for Written Assignments
20
Assignments have word count e.g. 2000 words maximum. The word count does
not include the cover page, table of contents, reference list or appendices. It is
important to keep to this word count. Make a plan before you begin writing,
consider the sections you need to include and decide on a rough word count that
each will require.
Line-spacing
Line-spacing should be one-and-a-half times or double spaced.
Font type & size
The font should be plain for example, Times New Roman. Remember, a font that
reads well on screen does not necessarily read well on paper. The size of the
main text should be 12 pt. Use bold, italics and underlining sparingly. Be
consistent when typing and formatting, for example, if you double return after a
subheading – do this after every sub heading.
REFERENCING
Referencing is a standardised method of acknowledging and identifying
information sources you have used in your essay/assignment/thesis. There are
many referencing styles used for academic work. The style used in the Discipline
of Radiation Therapy and outlined in this handbook is the Vancouver style, which
is mainly used in the medical field.
Why Reference?
Correct referencing is essential to avoid plagiarism (see section on Plagiarism
below), to acknowledge the source of any direct quotations used in your work
and provides the reader with the opportunity to read in detail the work of the cited
authors.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
21
What is the difference between ‘References’ and ‘Bibliography’?
The reference list is called „References‟, not „Bibliography‟. A Reference list is a
list of all the items you have actually cited in your document. A
Bibliography lists all of the material you have consulted in preparing your
document whether or not you have actually cited the work.
How to Reference
When referencing your work, particular attention must be given to the punctuation
and order of details. Specific punctuation and order is unique to each referencing
style.
These details for all types of information sources are given in detail in this guide.
A reference list is given at the end of the essay/assignment/thesis, containing all
the citations you have used in the text of your work. You must follow the
Vancouver style, as outlined in this reference guide in ALL of your
academic work. You may be penalised for deviations from this guide in
your academic work.
Referencing is a structured and easy to follow process. When reading through
information sources, always follow these steps:
1. Note down all the bibliographic details of the information source,
including page number(s). If you are referencing a book, this means the
author/editor, title, year of publication, edition, volume number, place of
publication and publisher. If you are using information from a journal
article, the details you should note down are: author(s), year of
publication, article title, journal title, volume and issue number and page
numbers. If you are using an electronic journal, you must also include the
date that you accessed the article and database name or web address
(URL).
2. Insert the citation using either standard numbers in brackets (1,2,3) or
superscript numbers 1,2,3 at the appropriate place within the text. Note that
brackets are not used with superscript numbers.
3. Give a reference list at the end of the essay/assignment/thesis.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
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How to insert citations
1. Give each reference a consecutive number as it is cited for the first time in
the essay/assignment/thesis. That number is then the identifier for that
information source and if that source is used again later, the same number
is repeated. Numbers are inserted to the right of commas and full stops
and to the left of colons and semi-colons. You can list more than one
source at any given reference point, e.g. „McIntyre, among others (1,2,5)
have reported dysphagia as a late effect of radiotherapy in the treatment
of base of tongue tumours‟. Use of superscript numbers, as shown earlier,
is also acceptable. Please note that commas separate the numbers in this
instance. If using consecutive numbers, e.g. (1,2,3,4), it is usual to join
these numbers with a hyphen, e.g. (1-4).
2. The references should be listed at the end of your
essay/assignment/thesis in the numerical order in which they are cited in
the text.
3. If using direct quotations, use double quotation marks. Single quotation
marks are only used for quotations within quotations. Overuse of direct
quotations is not recommended; it is difficult to decipher your level of
understanding of the subject matter should the text contain multiple direct
quotations. Should the direct quotation contain an apparently unusual
statement or misspelled word, type [sic] after the word or statement to
illustrate that this is the original source and not a mistake on your part. If
the quotation is longer than 4 typewritten lines, it should be offset in the
text as a discrete block, e.g.
Baumann (1) succinctly outlines the differences in radiosensitivity between
tumour types:
“Radiosensitive tumours such as lymphomas and seminomas can be
controlled with low doses of 45Gy or even less, and in this situation there is a
low incidence of normal-tissue damage. By contrast, glioblastoma multiforme
is a very resistant tumour that is not controlled even after doses as high as
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
23
70Gy. Most tumour types, including squamous cell carcinomas and
adenocarcinomas, are of intermediate sensitivity”.
Note how this is different to a shorter quotation, e.g.
Baumann (1) describes the radiosensitivity of some tumour types stating that
“radiosensitive tumours such as lymphomas and seminomas can be
controlled with low doses of 45Gy or even less”.
How to create a Reference List
The reference list is arranged numerically in the order in which references are
cited, in the Vancouver style. It is imperative that the correct punctuation,
order of details and font are used, e.g. book and journal titles are not placed
in quotation marks nor placed in italics.
Examples of in-text citation and corresponding reference listing of all
information sources is given below to assist you in using the Vancouver style.
This is not an exhaustive list, if in doubt, please ask a lecturer in the
Discipline.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
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Books In-text Reference List
Single author This is described by Mullins (1) as… OR Mullins (1) describes this as…
1. Mullins E. Statistics for the quality control chemistry laboratory. Cambridge: The Royal Society of Chemistry; 2003.
2-6 authors „….related to proliferative capacity‟. (2) OR Balducci and Extermann (2) have stated that…
2. Balducci L, Extermann M. Biological basis of geriatric oncology. New York: Springer; 2005.
More than 6 authors
Many radiation oncologists (3)….
3. Abitol A, Albano K, Anderson L, Crocker I, Donath D, Erickson B, et al. Principles and practice of brachytherapy. Armonk: Futura; 1997.
No author „.. the most prevalent technique‟. (4)
4. Brachytherapy Physics. Madison: Medical Physics Publishing; 1995.
Multiple works by same author
Radiation oncology research (5-6) has illustrated that… [if not previously cited]
5. Hoskin P. Radiotherapy in practice-brachytherapy. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2007. 6. Hoskin, P. Radiotherapy in practice-radioisotopes. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 2008.
Editor Radiobiological analysis (7) has shown…
7. Steel G, editor. Basic clinical radiobiology. London: Hodder Arnold; 2002.
Different editions The most recent statistical analysis (8)
8. Moore D, McCabe G and Craig B. Introduction to the practice of statistics. 6th ed. New York: Freeman; 2009.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
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Encyclopedia or Dictionary
„quantitative is defined as..‟ (9)
9. Oxford dictionary for scientific writers and editors. Oxford: Clarendon; 1991. Quantitative; p.234 [Include the word defined- in this case „Quantitative‟.]
Article or chapter in a book
As discussed by Balducci and Aapro (10)
10. Balducci L, Aapro M. Epidemiology of Cancer and Aging. In: Balducci L, Extermann M, editors. Biological basis of geriatric oncology. New York: Springer; 2005.
Article or chapter in a book-no author
Analytical algorithms are useful in both photon and electron therapy (11)
11. Monte-Carlo based patient dose computation. In: Mayles P, Nahum A, Rosenwald JC, eds. Handbook of Radiotherapy Physics: Theory and Practice. New York: Taylor & Francis, 2007; p.603-620.
E-book Smyth‟s work on this matter (12)
12. Smyth, J. Brachytherapy [monograph online]. Dublin: Red Publishing; 2009 [cited 2009 August 4]. Available from: NetBookslibrary.
Pamphlet The pamphlet produced by the Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy(13)
13. Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy. The role of the radiation safety officer [pamphlet]. Dublin: Irish Institute of Radiography and Radiation Therapy; 2009.
Thesis As described by Matthews (14)
14. Matthews R, Coffey M. Assessment of a workload model in a radiotherapy department [BSc thesis]. Dublin: University of Dublin, Trinity College; 2009.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
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Conference Proceeding
This was discussed at a conference in 2008 (15)
15. Gomez Chova L, Marti Belenguer D, Candel Torres I, editors. Perceptions of module leaders in utilising online technologies to facilitate critical thinking. Proceedings of the International Technology, Education and Development Conference; 2008 March 3-5; Valencia, Spain. Valencia: IATED; 2008.
Image in a book The anteroposterior lumbar radiograph (16)
16. Weir J, Abrahams P. Imaging atlas of human anatomy. London: Mosby; 2003.
Print Journals In-text Reference List
Article ...as described by Hong et al (17)
17. Hong L, Chen C, Garg M, Yaparpalvi R, Mah D. Clinical experiences with onboard imager kV images for linear accelerator-based stereotactic radiosurgery and radiotherapy setup. Int. J. Radiation Oncology Biol. Phys. 2009; 73 (2): 556-561.
Article-no author The prevalence of cancer is ever increasing (18)
18. Cancer care in Ireland. Radiography Ireland Today. 1985; 2(1):34-38.
Newspaper article “...and cutting edge technology” (19)
19. Keaney H. Private hospital is planned for Carraroe site. The Sligo Champion 2009 July 22; 8. [8 refers to page number]
Newspaper article-no author
“..on the timescale of delivery of radiotherapy services” (20)
20. Harney talks on radiotherapy at WRH. Waterford Today 2007 October 17;5. [5 refers to page number]
Press release This was outlined by the RPII (21)
21. Radon lung cancer risk 25 times greater for smokers [press release]. Dublin: Radiological Protection Institute of Ireland; 2005 September 27.
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
27
Electronic Journals
In-text Reference List
Full-text from an electronic database
This issue is discussed by Valentini et al (22)
22. Valentini V, Cellini F, Minsky B, Mattiucci G, Balducci M, D‟Agostino G et al. Survival after radiotherapy in gastric cancer: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Radiotherapy and Oncology [serial online]. 2009 [cited 2009 Sept 10]; 92: 178-183. Available from: Science Direct.
Full text from the internet
Each year in Ireland, over 500 men die from prostate cancer, usually some years after they were diagnosed (23)
23. Irish Cancer Society. Action Prostate Cancer [serial on the internet]. 2009 [cited 2009 Sept 10]. Available from: http://cancer.ie/prostate/whatisprostate.php
Cochrane Review
There is no evidence that radiotherapy could help to prolong the survival of patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma (24)
24. Chapman E, Berenstein G, García Diéguez M, Ortiz Z. Radiotherapy for malignant pleural mesothelioma. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2006, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD003880. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD003880.pub4..
World Wide Web
In-text Reference List
Document on WWW
As part of the survey, participants were asked about the rules relating to smoking in their homes (25)
25. Department of Health and Children. Smoking Patterns in Ireland: Implications for policy and services [homepage on the internet]. c2009 [updated 2009 July 27; cited 2009 Sept 10]. Available from http://www.dohc.ie/publications/pdf/slan_smokingreport.pdf?direct=1
Image on the web
The image of the linear accelerator (26)
26. IAEA Radiation Protection of Patients [image on the internet]. c2009 [updated 2009 July 27; cited 2009 Sept 10]. Available from: http://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/XPages/XPages2/Content/InformationFor/ HealthProfessionals/2_Radiotherapy/RadSafetyExtBeamRadiotherapy.htm
http://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/XPages/XPages2/Content/InformationFor/http://rpop.iaea.org/RPOP/RPoP/XPages/XPages2/Content/InformationFor/
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____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
28
Referencing software
You will be trained and encouraged to use the EndNote software to meet your
referencing needs.
Submission
All course work must be submitted as detailed on the assignment and at the
designated date and time. Permission for late submission can be requested in
the case of illness when a medical certificate will be required or in other
extenuating circumstances at the discretion of the staff. Late submission will
incur a penalty. Please retain a copy of all work submitted for your records.
You will be given clear details of submission procedures for assignments in
advance. The procedure may involve sending an electronic copy of the
assignment to the course lecturer or submitting via turnitin. Before you email
Secondary Sources In-text Reference List
Book Nag refers to Hilaris‟s work (27)
27. Nag S. Principles and Practice of Brachytherapy. New York: Futura; 1997. Record the book that was sourced by you.
Journal article Berger and Belka refer to the work of Enzinger and Mayer in their article (28)
28. Berger B, Belka C. Evidence-based radiation oncology: Oesophagus. Radiotherapy and Oncology. 2009; 92 (2):276-290.
Other Sources In-text Reference List
Personal communication It was confirmed (S Smyth 2009, personal communication, March 15) that the patient had received a total dose of 40 Gy.
Not included as cannot be traced by the reader
-
____________________________ ________________________________ Referencing
29
your work you must re-save your document under a new name. Your
name_name of assignment, for example:
James_Byrne_PPCC1
Save the file as a Word document. Once you have saved your assignment under
the required name, type the assignment name and your name in the subject line
of the email, attach the re-saved file and email to the designated email address
(it may not be the course lecturer). It is advisable to use your TCD mail account
to submit assignments.
PLAGIARISM
Plagiarism is a serious offence in 3rd level education and may result in severe
disciplinary action. It is imperative that all students are familiar with College
policy on plagiarism. If it is suspected that submitted work is plagiarised
and this is found to be the case, severe disciplinary action will result. It is
your responsibility to ensure that you are cognisant of plagiarism and of
College Plagiarism laws.
Plagiarism is crediting someone else‟s work as your own by failing to
acknowledge the original author. Plagiarism is illegal. Copying and pasting into
assignments from any source (including the internet) is not acceptable unless
you put the information in quotation marks, and acknowledge where the
information came from. Paraphrasing other peoples work (internet or otherwise)
is also unacceptable without proper acknowledgement. Acknowledgement is
given by using references. Some direct quotations can be a useful tool in
assignments but their overuse is ill advised as it is important that you show an
understanding of the topic. Assignments must always be submitted in electronic
format (in addition to the requested format). Assignments are routinely checked
for plagiarism using college software.
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____________________________ __________________________________Plagiarism
30
The following text comes from the College General regulations and information - http://www.tcd.ie/assets/documents/calendar/part1_general_regulations_and_information.pdf
Plagiarism is interpreted by the University as the act of presenting the work of others as one‟s own work, without acknowledgement. Plagiarism is considered as academically fraudulent, and an offence against University discipline. The University considers plagiarism to be a major offence, and subject to the disciplinary procedures of the University. Plagiarism can arise from deliberate actions and also through careless thinking and/or methodology. The offence lies not in the attitude or intention of the perpetrator, but in the action and in its consequences. Plagiarism can arise from actions such as: (a) copying another student‟s work; (b) enlisting another person or persons to complete an assignment on the student‟s behalf; (c) quoting directly, without acknowledgement, from books, articles or other sources, either in printed, recorded or electronic format; (d) paraphrasing, without acknowledgement, the writings of other authors. Examples (c) and (d) in particular can arise through careless thinking and/or methodology where students: (i) fail to distinguish between their own ideas and those of others; (ii) fail to take proper notes during preliminary research and therefore lose track of the sources from which the notes were drawn; (iii) fail to distinguish between information which needs no acknowledgement because it is firmly in the public domain, and information which might be widely known, but which nevertheless requires some sort of acknowledgement; (iv) come across a distinctive methodology or idea and fail to record its source. All the above serve only as examples and are not exhaustive. Students should submit work done in co-operation with other students only when it is done with the full knowledge and permission of the lecturer concerned. Without this, work submitted which is the product of collusion with other students may be considered to be plagiarism. It is clearly understood that all members of the academic community use and build on the work of others. It is commonly accepted also, however, that we build on the work of others in an open and explicit
-
____________________________ __________________________________Plagiarism
31
manner, and with due acknowledgement. Many cases of plagiarism that arise could be avoided by following some simple guidelines: (i) Any material used in a piece of work, of any form, that is not the original thought of the author should be fully referenced in the work and attributed to its source. The material should either be quoted directly or paraphrased. Either way, an explicit citation of the work referred to should be provided, in the text, in a footnote, or both. Not to do so is to commit plagiarism. (ii) When taking notes from any source it is very important to record the precise words or ideas that are being used and their precise sources. (iii) While the Internet often offers a wider range of possibilities for researching particular themes, it also requires particular attention to be paid to the distinction between one‟s own work and the work of others. Particular care should be taken to keep track of the source of the electronic information obtained from the Internet or other electronic sources and ensure that it is explicitly and correctly acknowledged. It is the responsibility of the author of any work to ensure that he/she does not commit plagiarism. Students should ensure the integrity of their work by seeking advice from their lecturers, tutor or supervisor on avoiding plagiarism. All departments should include, in their handbooks or other literature given to students, advice on the appropriate methodology for the kind of work that students will be expected to undertake.
If plagiarism as referred to as in the last paragraph on page 25 is suspected, in the first instance, the head of school will write to the student, and the student‟s tutor advising them of the concerns raised and inviting them to attend an informal meeting with the head of school, and the lecturer concerned, in order to put their suspicions to the student and give the student the opportunity to respond. The student will be requested to respond in writing stating his/her agreement to attend such a meeting and confirming on which of the suggested dates and times it will be possible for the student to attend. If the student does not in this manner agree to attend such a meeting, the head of school may refer the case directly to the Junior Dean, who will interview the student and may implement the procedures as referred to under CONDUCT AND COLLEGE REGULATIONS §2.
If the head of school forms the view that plagiarism has taken place, he/she must decide if the offence can be dealt with under the summary procedure set out below. In order for this summary procedure to be followed, all parties attending the informal meeting as noted in the paragraph above must state their agreement in writing to the head of school. If the facts of the case are in dispute, or if the head of school feels that the penalties provided for under the summary
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____________________________ __________________________________Plagiarism
32
procedure below are inappropriate given the circumstances of the case, he/she will refer the case directly to the Junior Dean, who will interview the student and may implement the procedures as referred to under CONDUCT AND COLLEGE REGULATIONS §2. If the offence can be dealt with under the summary procedure, the head of school will recommend to the Senior Lecturer one of the following penalties: (a) that the piece of work in question receives a reduced mark, or a mark of zero; or (b) if satisfactory completion of the piece of work is deemed essential for the student to rise with his/her year or to proceed to the award of a degree, the student may be required to re-submit the work. However the student may not receive more than the minimum pass mark applicable to the piece of work on satisfactory re-submission.
Provided that the appropriate procedure has been followed and all parties are in agreement with the proposed penalty, the Senior Lecturer may approve the penalty and notify the Junior Dean accordingly. The Junior Dean may nevertheless implement the procedures as referred to under CONDUCT AND COLLEGE REGULATIONS §2.
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________________________________________________________Clinical Placement
33
CLINICAL PLACEMENT
Clinical placement features in all four years and will take place in clinical
departments in Dublin and countrywide. Hours spent on clinical placement will
correspond to local practice in the hospital thus may include an early start or a
late finish. Clinical placement will take place during term time and during
vacation periods. Clinical assessments must be handed up regularly throughout
the academic year. All assignments for this module will be submitted
electronically through Web-CT. This allows students on distance placement the
opportunity to access all paperwork and submit assignments. A complete record
of clinical work must have been submitted by the end of each academic year
prior to the examinations, thus a clinical portfolio is built up over four years.
During clinical placement students must wear a uniform and adhere to the dress
code laid down by the clinical department. Students must familiarise themselves
with the guidelines pertaining to each department. A name badge and a TLD
badge must also be worn at all times during placement. Care must be taken of
these TLD badges as they form part of the permanent record of radiation
exposures. See Health and Safety section.
Clinical Placement in year one is largely familiarisation with patients undergoing
radiotherapy, the staff involved in the radiotherapy process and orientation of
students into the hospital environment. Full attendance is mandatory and several
work-sheets must be completed.
In year two students begin to develop the necessary technical skills required of
this profession. The introductory component of this is delivered in small group
teaching in a skills lab at the Discipline of Radiation Therapy.
Clinical placement in years three and four is concerned with linking theory to
practice and gaining competence in a range of skills. A number of formal
practical assessments must be completed. Students must also complete a
-
________________________________________________________Clinical Placement
34
number of case studies/patient profiles and a range of workbooks. Clinical
practice in all years is graded. A student is not able to pass their Clinical Practice
in Radiation Therapy by compensation; they must pass both elements (written
work and clinical placement) separately in order to rise with their year. Clinical
practice in years three and four contributes to the final degree classification. A
clinical handbook will be provided to each student outlining the requirements of
this module.
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_____________________________________Disciplinary Procedures / Health & Safety
35
DISCIPLINARY PROCEDURES
Credit for each academic year is obtained by satisfactory attendance at lectures,
practicals and tutorials, by carrying out the required assignments or practical
work, and by passing examinations. Failure to comply with any of the above will
lead to the instigation of disciplinary procedures.
Students who constantly disregard Discipline regulation will be subject to
disciplinary procedures. Interviews will be held with the student in the presence
of his/her tutor and the proceedings recorded and signed. Failure to improve will
result in the student not being allowed to rise with their year.
HEALTH AND SAFETY
Adherence to health and safety regulations is essential in both the academic and
clinical setting. During clinical placement all students will be required to wear a
TLD radiation monitoring badge. Badges are supplied by the Radiation
Protection Institute of Ireland through the Discipline. The TLD badge deposit fee
is €50. Lost or damaged badges must be replaced at the student‟s own
expense. Students will not be permitted to attend for clinical placement without
their TLD badge and badges must be returned to the Executive Officer
immediately following completion of placement. Failure to return your badge by
the designated date will incur a penalty fee.
Vaccination Requirements
The Irish National Vaccination Committee recommends that health care
workers be immunised against Hepatitis B. (Please see RCPI National
Immunisation GUIDELINES 2002: Chapter 18: Immunisation and Health
Information for Health Care Workers and Others in „At Risk‟ Occupations:
www.doh.ie/pdfdocs/immuguid.pdf). A course of vaccinations normally
consists of three or four injections over a period of time. In some cases
booster doses are required. The cost of a full course of three injections is
http://www.doh.ie/pdfdocs/immuguid.pdf
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_____________________________________Disciplinary Procedures / Health & Safety
36
€40 per vaccination or €110 for the course of three if paid together.
Payment can be made by cash, credit/debit card or cheque made payable
to „College Health Service TCD‟. Students must pay on the day of the first
injection or will have to reschedule their appointment. There are specific
requirements for each programme, as follows:
TR055 – Radiation Therapy: Precautions against infectious diseases
See the College Calendar for details
105. In the interests of reducing the risk of the transmission of infectious
disease from patients to students, or student to patient, all new entrants
must attend their regular medical practitioner prior to registration to certify
their vaccination status or immunity to tuberculosis, measles, rubella and
chickenpox.
106. Students studying radiation therapy are also strongly advised to be
vaccinated against hepatitis B, if not already immune, for their own
protection.
Cross infection in the Clinical Environment
It is incumbent on students to make themselves aware of, and adhere strictly to,
each hospital‟s written protocol for the control of cross infection when they enter
the clinical environment. This is to protect both students and patients, since
vaccines for some of the more recently discovered diseases (e.g. Hepatitis C and
HIV) have not yet been developed.
-
_________________________________________________________Research Project
37
SENIOR SOPHISTER RESEARCH PROJECT
Requirements and guidelines
All students must undertake an independent research project on a topic of their
choice in their Sophister years. The results of this research must be written up in
an acceptable format (see the style guide in the student handbook) and
submitted by the specified dates.
Aims of the project
The project is intended to:
- Test students‟ ability to conceive of, plan and carry out a research project
by integrating and extending on the knowledge acquired from all courses.
- Give students the opportunity to demonstrate and develop skills in
carrying out and writing up an independent piece of research using the
academic concepts, theories and practical applications acquired from the
course.
- Provide training in research methods.
Overview of project deadlines
Topic/Area Deadline
Submission of Project form step 1 January
Submission of Project form step 1 revised February
Submission of Project form step 2 March
Submission of Project form step 3 and Ethics form April
Submission of literature review October
Submission of completed project December
Poster presentation tutorial June
Submission of electronic poster June
External examiners
meeting
Poster presentation / Project VIVA June
-
_________________________________________________________Research Project
38
Supervision
Role of the supervisor:
Each student will have a supervisor allocated from within the discipline. The
primary function of the supervisor is to give general guidance and advice on any
aspects of the project. It is not the responsibility of the supervisor to design
specific aspects of your research (e.g. design your methodology or decide on
your method of analysis). However, your supervisor will give you critical and
rational feedback on your ideas. Supervisors may also advise you on your plans
for writing up the project; however they are not responsible for checking spelling
and grammar.
Submitting work to your supervisor:
To ensure that you use the time allocated with your supervisor effectively please
ensure that you submit any material that you would like to discuss well in
advance of the agreed meeting time (approx. two days or other agreed
timeframe). You must ensure that all work you submit for discussion is in line with
the style guide (and has been proof-read) and that it is the most recent draft.
Before you email your work you must re-save your document under a new file
name.
Your name_Project_meeting number
For example: James_Byrne_Project_1
Save the file as a Word document. Once you have saved your assignment under
the required name, type the file name in the subject line of the email, attach the
re-saved file and email to the supervisor. It is advisable to use your TCD mail
account to submit assignments.
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_________________________________________________________Research Project
39
Contact hours with your supervisor:
The responsibility for the management of the project and ensuring that the
supervisor is up to date with the project lies with the student.
Students are required to:
- Make first contact with their supervisor.
- Develop a time-line with their supervisor for progress on the project.
- Agree a schedule of meetings with their supervisor and ensure that the
agreed schedule is adhered to.
- Take responsibility for keeping all collected data, participant information
and relevant materials in line with ethics requirements.
- Take the initiative in discussing any problems with the project work and/or
its supervision so that these can be resolved as soon as possible.
Supervisor‟s progress appraisal:
Your ability to effectively and efficiently carry out research, your progress and
your professional attitude throughout the year will be evaluated by your
supervisor following each meeting. Factors that will be considered include:
- your ability to work independently
- the amount of guidance/direction you require on the development of your
project
- the quality of your preparation and your participation in each research
meeting
- your ability to adhere to your research schedule and project deadlines
- your ability to take on board constructive criticism and advice and to use
these to inform the development of the project
Ethics
Students must complete the College ethics form and submit it to their supervisor
by e-mail by the specified dates. Supervisors will send individual feedback on the
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_________________________________________________________Research Project
40
ethics form back to each student. You must submit three signed hard copies of
the finalised ethics form to your supervisor by the specified date.
In addition, students whose research includes patient contact or review of patient
information from any hospital must go through the local ethics committee in that
hospital as well as the College Health Science Faculty Ethics Committee.
Students whose research includes staff from hospitals must also go through the
local ethics committee in the hospital. Hospital ethics forms should be submitted
together with the college forms.
Literature Review
Each student must submit a literature review, including bibliography and
reference sections, to their supervisor by the specified date. The maximum word
count is 2,500 (not including bibliography and reference sections). The literature
review provides the background to your research project. It should review any
landmark publications and current research in your area of study. You may use
the information you included in your literature review in the introduction section of
your final project. You may be asked about anything you include in your
literature review, including the sources included in your bibliography and
reference sections, in your viva voce with the external examiners. The literature
review must be included as an appendix in your final project.
Written report
You should write up your research report as for a journal publication, following
the style guide included in the student handbook. The project will be limited to
5,000 words (not including bibliography and reference sections). Students who
exceed this word limit will be penalised. You must submit three bound copies
(one hard-bound) and one unbound copy (not stapled or hole-punched) of the
project and e-mail an electronic copy (pdf format, 1 file if possible) to the
Executive Officer by the specified date. Please ensure that the pdf filename
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_________________________________________________________Research Project
41
contains your surname. Paper for the unbound copy will be provided by the
Executive Officer as it must not exceed 80g.
Assessment
Students will be assessed on the quality of the project and their demonstrated
knowledge of the topic to the external examiners. Students will also be expected
to produce a poster outlining their project and to be available to discuss their
poster with the external examiners, academic or clinical staff who attend the
poster presentation day.
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_________________________________________________________Research Project
42
Criteria for marking the project:
Literature review
- Organisation - Relevance of literature - Critical analysis - State of current understanding - Insight into the area
Excellent - The choice of headings is appropriate, specific. The writing progresses from the broad to specific with a smooth pace.
- Recent and relevant literature is logically organised, well discussed, critically appraised and compared to provide a clear yet sufficiently complex picture of current perspectives on the issue.
- Specific examples are used to reinforce points. - There is clear and insightful articulation of the research
topic.
Very Good - Information presented is clear, well structured, and logical. - Student describes, evaluated and compared relevant
studies, showing a good level of understanding, no major oversights.
- A reasonable discussion of current perspectives on the issue in provided.
- The research topic is clearly communicated.
Fair - Basic structure is adhered to. - Adequate, reasonable selection of material is described,
discussed and summarised. - The description of perspectives on the topic is not always
clear and systematic, with little analysis taking place. - The research topic is communicated reasonably well.
Weak - The literature is often not directly relevant and is only summarized or describe.
- No synopsis of current perspectives on the issue is provided and no critical appraisal or discussion is evident.
- The research topic is poorly communicated and/or presented in a disorganised, incoherent way.
Submitting to conferences or meetings
All submissions to conferences or meetings on work related to your research
project must be cleared first with the Head of Research in the Discipline.
-
_______________________________Foundation & Non-Foundation Scholarships
43
FOUNDATION AND NON-FOUNDATION SCHOLARSHIP
Foundation Scholarships (selected abstracts from the College Calendar)
The College was founded as a corporation consisting of the Provost, the
Fellows, and the Scholars. Scholars who are members of the corporation are
called foundation scholars, or scholars of the house, to distinguish them from
the holders of other scholarships. Foundation scholarships cannot exceed
seventy in number. Foundation scholars have the right to vote, alongside the
Fellows, on certain changes to the Statutes of the University.
Foundation scholars are elected annually in various subjects on the result of
an examination held in Hilary term.
Foundation scholars are entitled to the following statutory emoluments and
privileges; they
a. have their Commons free of charge;
b. are entitled to rooms free of charge for up to nine months of the year;
c. receive a salary which, together with any grant they may receive from
an outside body; shall amount to not less than €253.95 per annum
(after payment of the annual fee)
d. are entitled to remission of the annual fee appropriate to their main
course of study if they are not in receipt of outside scholarships or
grants, save that undergraduate scholars from non-E.U. countries shall
have their fees reduced by an amount corresponding to the appropriate
fee level of an Irish student.
Scholars must satisfy the requirements necessary for them to proceed with
their class. Any scholars failing to do so will forfeit their scholarship.
Non-foundation Scholarships (selected abstracts from the College
Calendar)
As foundation scholarships are limited in number, non-foundation
scholarships are also provided by the College. Students elected to these
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_______________________________Foundation & Non-Foundation Scholarships
44
scholarships enjoy the same emoluments and privileges as foundation
scholars subject to the same conditions.
(full text relating to foundation and non-foundation scholarship can be found in
the College Calendar)
Scholarships are awarded in all courses to students showing outstanding
achievement in a set of non-compulsory examinations usually taken in the
Senior Freshman year. The Scholarship can last up to five years when you
receive it thus covering the period required to complete the undergraduate
and a postgraduate programme.
Foundations scholarships are awarded to those students gaining the highest
marks in the scholarship exams and are awarded to a number of students that
equally balances the scholars whose tenure is expiring ensuring that the total
number remains constant at seventy.
RADIATION THERAPY
Foundation scholarship is based on the results in the scholarship
examinations which cover material taught in Junior and Senior Freshman
years:
For 2011 these examinations will be
Radiation Therapy 1: Chemistry and Biochemistry
Radiation Therapy 2: Biology, Physiology and Anatomy
Radiation Therapy 3: Physics for Radiation Therapy and Principles and
Practice of Cancer Care.
Students who are placed in the first class or in the second class, first division,
in the examination for scholarship may, at the discretion of the court of
examiners, be exempted from one or more of the annual Senior Freshman
examinations. Students not achieving this level must automatically sit the
summer examinations.
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_______________________________Foundation & Non-Foundation Scholarships
45
1. Assignments must be completed and submitted independent of the
scholarship system.
2. Students will be required to sit all examinations preceding the
Scholarship examinations.
3. Scholarship examinations are held before the commencement of Hilary
term.
Procedure for application
1. Candidates must give notice of their intention to take the examination
not later than 1st November.
2. Forms for notification of intention must be completed on the prescribed
form which can be obtained from the Examinations Office.
3. Candidates wishing to withdraw their application must do so at least
two weeks before the first date of the examination. (There is no
examination fee for the Scholarship examination.)
4. Scholarship examinations are held only once per year, there are no
supplemental or special papers under any circumstances.
5. Scholarship examination results are posted on the College website so
students are advised to consider applications seriously and to complete
all papers.
Announcement of Results
The announcement of successful scholarship candidates is made in public,
outside the Examination Hall at 10:00am on Trinity Monday. The full set of
results for all candidates is then posted up on noticeboards outside the Public
Theatre.
NB: candidates will not be told about exemptions until Trinity Monday.
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_______________________________Foundation & Non-Foundation Scholarships
46
-
__________________________________ General indications on grade components
47
GENERAL INDICATIONS ON GRADE COMPONENTS The approach to marking at third level differs significantly from that used in
second level. Although all universities have slight dissimilarities in their grading
schemes and the criteria they use to inform these, there is a general
acknowledgment of what level of work constitutes a first class, a second class
and so on.
Students should note that „categorical marking‟ is applied for each answer in an
assessment; this means that there are subdivisions (-2, -5, -8) within each class.
In general, lecturers use the same guidelines and categories for continuous
assessment and end-of-year written exams.
The following scheme is intended as a guide to explain to students what level of
work is needed to get certain grades; it is not definitive. Students who would like
further clarification of how assessments are marked within each course are
advised to contact the course co-ordinator.
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__________________________________ General indications on grade components
48
Grade Assessment criteria
Addresses the Question
Quality of content
Understanding Quality of writing
Coherence & Structure
Integration Additional Reading
I 70
Completely Only relevant info. Shows insight
Excellent Critical discussion
Excellent throughout
Shows integration
Multiple & varied sources used well
II.1 60-69
Very well Only relevant information
Very good Some critical analysis
coherent with good structure
Some integration
Evidence of some additional reading
II.2 50-59
Mostly Mostly relevant information
Good Descriptive At times lacking in coherence and weak structure
Weak integration
Only notes & textbooks
III 40-49
Only some of the time
A lot of irrelevant information
Weak at times Descriptive Weak throughout
No integration
Only notes & core textbook
Fail Not at all Irrelevant or no information
Demonstrates no understanding
Descriptive Completely lacking
No integration
No evidence of reading
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___________________________________________________Academic year structure
49
-
____________________________________________Clinical placement year timetable
50
Dates Outline of Clinical Placement 2011/2012
26th SEPT-11- University (Clinical Teaching)
2nd Years (4weeks)
3-OCT-11
10-OCT-11
17-OCT-11
24-OCT-11
31-OCT-11 3rd Years (7 weeks)
07-NOV-11
14-NOV-11
21-NOV-11
28-NOV-11
05-DEC-11
12-DEC-11
19-DEC-11 Christmas Period
26-DEC-11
02-JAN-12
09-JAN-12 4th Years (9 weeks)
16-JAN-12
23-JAN-12
30-JAN-12
06-FEB-12
13-FEB-12
20-FEB-12
27-FEB-12
05-MAR-12
12-MAR-12 1st Years (4weeks) 19-MAR-12
26-MAR-12
02-APR-12
16-APR-12 4th Years (6 weeks)
23-APR-12
30-APR-12
07-MAY-12
14-MAY-12
21-MAY-12
28-MAY-12 2nd Years (4 weeks)
04-JUN-12
11-JUN-12
18-JUN-12
3rd Years (6weeks)
25-JUN-12
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____________________________________________Clinical placement year timetable
51
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