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DISASTER MANAGEMENT: CHALLENGES OFCOORDINATION AND ACCOUNTABILITYA Technology Perspective
SOHAIB KHANAssociate Professor of Computer ScienceLUMS School of Science and Engineering
22 September, 2010, IGC Growth Week
What Are the Expectations?THE TECHNOLOGY OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
2Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Successful Response Starts
with a Map 1
1 “Successful Response Starts with a Map: Improving Geospatial Support for Disaster Management”, National Academies Press, 2007
Doug Page, “GIS: Bringing Disaster Management Down to Earth”, Homeland Protection Professional, www.homeland1.com
DISASTER MANAGEMENT GIS� Base Layers: Villages, Roads,
Infrastructure, Population Spread…� Thematic Layers: Hospitals, Shelters,
Hydrology, Fault lines…� Event Related Data: Disaster footprint,
Locations of response resources, Data on casualties, damage assessment…
WHY? Maps enableSpatial Visualization and hence Coordination
What Are the Expectations?THE TECHNOLOGY OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
3Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Successful Response Starts
with a Map 1
1 “Successful Response Starts with a Map: Improving Geospatial Support for Disaster Management”, National Academies Press, 2007
DISASTER MANAGEMENT GIS� Base Layers: Villages, Roads,
Infrastructure, Population Spread…� Thematic Layers: Hospitals, Shelters,
Hydrology, Fault lines…� Event Related Data: Disaster footprint,
Locations of response resources, Data on casualties, damage assessment…
WHY? Maps enableSpatial Visualization and hence Coordination
Pre-Disaster Preparedness
Post-Disaster Response
4Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Successful Response Starts
with a Map 1
1 “Successful Response Starts with a Map: Improving Geospatial Support for Disaster Management”, National Academies Press, 2007
That is how it should be… But this is not the case in most developing countries
Effective Maps are Mostly Unavailable When Needed
What Are the Expectations?THE TECHNOLOGY OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT
What Impedes the Successful Deployment of Technology?THE BOTTLENECKS
5Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Non Availability of Base Layers in GIS Ready Format
Population Density
Mapping of Villages
Spelling variations in Roman Urdu
Lack of Standardization Security Concerns
Infrastructure Mapping
How to Jump Start Effective GIS Systems?REMOVING BOTTLENECKS
6Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Need innovative ways to quickly jump-start the
much needed base layers
7Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Coarse Population Density Map Estimated from Satellite ImagerySUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
8Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Coarse Population Density Map Estimated from Satellite ImagerySUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
Attribute Data (e.g. Population Census)
Village Name
Total Population
Literacy Ratio (10+)
Authar 3405 41.8
Dhok Nagyal 1675 50.2
Duffar 370 59.0
Watalian 1975 58.2
Village Name Latitude Longitude
… … …
Athar 32.550N 72.833E
… … …
Dhok Naghial 32.716N 73.383E
Daffar 32.600N 73.083E
… … …
Geo-referenced Village List(e.g. Survey of Pakistan maps)
At
…
Da
D
Step 1Phonetic Matching
Step 2Interactive Tool for Expert Intervention
1975 58.2
Step 2eractive Tool for
pert Intervention
Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
INTEGRATING SCATTERED DATASETS
Attribute Data (e.g. Population Census)
Village Name
Total Population
Literacy Ratio (10+)
Authar 3405 41.8
Dhok Nagyal 1675 50.2
Duffar 370 59.0
Watalian 1975 58.2
Village Name Latitude Longitude
… … …
Athar 32.550N 72.833E
… … …
Dhok Naghial 32.716N 73.383E
Daffar 32.600N 73.083E
… … …
Geo-referenced Village List(e.g. Survey of Pakistan maps)
At
…
Da
D
Step 1Phonetic Matching
Step 2Interactive Tool for Expert Intervention
1975 58.2
Step 2eractive Tool for
pert Intervention
Result 1Geo-referenced Attribute Data
Literacy Ratio: Pind Dadan Khan
Result 2Updated Master
List
Village Name Variants Pop. Lit. R Lat. Long.
Athar, Authar 3405 41.8 32.55N 72.83E
Dhok Naghial, Dhok Nagyal 1675 50.2 32.71N 73.38E
Daffar, Duffar 370 59.0 32.60N 73.08E
Watalian 1975 58.2 32.35N 73.10E
Santhoi
Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
INTEGRATING SCATTERED DATASETS
11Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
British Era Land-Revenue Map
Stored in
District Record Room (Jhelum)
Scanning of 5000+ sheets for District Jehlum
12Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
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13Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
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14Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
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15Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
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16Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
17Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Administrative Boundary Mapping to Mauza-LevelSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
18Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Need for Basic Health UnitsSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
19Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Need for Basic Health UnitsSUPARCO-LUMS Collaboration 2010
20Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
Pakistan Flood Maps (http://floodmaps.lums.edu.pk)LUMS, SUPARCO, PITB, Urban Unit, IGC
THE VISION
21Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
No Village Left Behind
Citizen
GovernmentNGOs
� Citizen Feedback� Accountability� Transparency� Optimization of
resources� Tracking impact
22
“The effectiveness of any technology is as much about the human systems in which it is
embedded as about the technology itself.”
Successful Response Starts with a Map, National Academies Press, 2007
Disaster Management: Challenges of Coordination and Accountability Sohaib Khan, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Pakistan
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