dialogue among young citizens in a pluralistic re classroom the norwegian discussion
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Dialogue Among Young Citizens in a Pluralistic RE
Classroom
The Norwegian Discussion
Dialogue in REIn a national school system based on the principle of ‘one school for all’
What is the particular role of RE in dialogue among pupils with different religious background, worldviews and beliefs?
What type of ideal picture or concept of the dialogue is found in different positions in the Norwegian discussion about RE?
Ideal picture of the dialogue Voluntary religious
committed verbal dialogue among adults
Open experimental
(diapractice) ”unfinished”
ongoing process verbally restricted among children in a given setting
’One school for all’ Comprehensive school for 98.3 % of
all children local school (mirrors the local
culture) all children integrated streaming not allowed permanent differentiation or
segregation not allowed equal opportunities no formal assessment before age
13
RE as a test question Up to 1997: division of children due
to religious background. 94,7 % Christian knowledge 4,4 % Worldviews (Life Stances) 0,9 % no RE in schools
From 1997: KRL common subject (with partly exemption only)
RE – as part of life in schoolDiapractice and dialogue National school system build to
serve citizenship as a main aim School life is dominated by
diapractice - (co-operation): living together with difference (Lissi Rasmussen)
Religious education cannot be limited to RE as a school subject
Diapractice...
School and classroom as given social structures
demanding differences in practice independent of objective degree of plurality
diapractice where the verbal dialogue is a minor part: children play, sing, make music, dance, make food, eat, have physical education and sports, have drama and role play, take part in student council, do creative arts …
Necessary dialogue emerges from the necessity of
living together in a society (Oddbjørn Leirvik)
the verbal dialogue that goes along with diapractice
making common celebrations and ethical practice possible, understandable and transparent
Dialogue in RE as a subject The Official Norwegian Report: the
principles in KRL is titled: Identity and dialogue
as mutual interdependent entities that form a continuum, with an emphasis on identity development in the first years of education and on
the dialogue in the later years theory about the dialogue in RE is a combination
of the one from the theological, monoreligious academic tradition and the one from the academic, multireligious study of religions
Dialogue in the official reader
Practical dialogue skill structured dialogue
a dialogue that occurs where the teacher sets the rules and decides the perspective to present the view of others
dialogue in the role as pupil comparison - a prerequisite for the
dialogue
Dialogue so far: Diapractice – co-operation Necessary dialogue –
everyday conversation to get to understand one another
informal personal exchange of ideas
Structured dialogue – empathic work with other religions and
beliefs representing other views comparison face to face communication
Spiritual dialogue – the personal encounter that makes change
Concepts of dialogue in the debate: Oddbjørn Leirvik: ”Interreligious dialogue
in a Norwegian context” frustrated about the lack of dialogical
intentions in the syllabus main focus is on development of identity
in primary education, and that the dialogue is postponed until the lower secondary stage
system-oriented approach, few system-ascending theme-oriented approaches
lack of interest for “between religions” Exception: dialogue about ethics
Leirvik’s ideal picture? dialogue between committed adult
representatives voluntary, verbal dialogue dialogue of religions - between
systems (political and academic interest)
frustration: Theology and Religious Studies as separate academic traditions
the necessary dialogue seems not important, asks for the spiritual dialogue in schools
Tove Nicolaisen: “the invisible (backstage) dialogue +
narration theory” Dialogue in the general part
=>dialogue as a working method bigger room for ethical dialogue,
parents: not less dangerous necessary dialogue, structured,
philosophical and some times spontaneous spiritual
philosophical dialogue has its limits: “the best argument”
teachers task to turn the dialogue into an informed dialogue
Nicolaisen:
dialogical room within the narratives: all children are both insiders and outsiders because all narratives have three dimensions: the anthropological common the religious the specific religious
system-ascension part of teacher training and classroom practice
Not interreligious dialogue, but KRL-dialogue
Nicolaisen’s ideal picture? dialogue between children:
informal spontaneous open-ended process in a given
setting system-ascending on an individual
level not interreligious dialogue -room
the secular child something specific: KRL-dialogue
Aspects of the dialogue concept: Action side Diapractice - co-operation Necessary dialogue
everyday conversation to get to understand one another informal personal exchange of ideas
Dialogue as a working method in KRL Structured dialogue – (in the role as pupil)
empathic work with other religions and beliefs representing other views comparison face to face communication
Philosophical dialogue Spiritual dialogue – the personal encounter that
makes change Verbal side
The function of dialogue in the classroom is not primarily to serve as dialogue between institutions nor between religions. System-ascending co-operation between academic traditions is a task for universities and colleges.
The dialogue in the classroom has as its main task to operate on an interpersonal level, to serve the purpose of building identity and empower for citizenship in a pluralistic global world.
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