dewan290-f991 taxonomies of collaborative applications prasun dewan department of computer science...
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Dewan 290-F99 1
Taxonomies of Collaborative ApplicationsPrasun Dewan
Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of North CarolinaCB 3175 Sitterson HallChapel Hill, NC 27599-3175
dewan@cs.unc.eduhttp:/www.cs.unc.edu/~dewan
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Why Taxonomies
• Economic expression.
• Compare/contrast
• Characterize collaboration systems– What points are covered in design space
• New systems – What points not covered
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Views of Collaboration Systems• Problems• Issues• Disciplines• Systems :
– Applications and Infrastructures
• Ensure actual needs met.• Conceptual depth, avoid
duplication.• Build on existing knowledge.• See integrated sets of features
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Other Application Taxonomies
• Ellis's Time Space
• Ellis's Common Task/Shared Environment
• VR Taxonomy
• Malone's Taxonomy
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Ellis’s Time Space Taxonomy
File System
Bulletin Board
Augmented Reality
Same Time
Same Space Different Space
Grove
MUD
Tivoli
Ventura
Different Time
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Same time collaboration
• WYSIWIS as in Cognoter
• Divergent views as in Grove but immediate transmission of shared state
• Changes buffered as in Ensemble to support “think time”– Assume collaborator is waiting/polling for
response and immediately starts processing it, and does not get bored and leaves
– With multitasking this time can be greater
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RTCAL Vs Electronic Class Room
Proposal: 10am Vote: No
Public Appts
Public Appts
Topic, Participants Chair, Controller
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Ellis’s Shared Environment / Common Task Dimension
Electronic Classroom
Time Sharing Environment
Software Review System
Common Task
Sha
red
Env
iron
men
t
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IBIS vs. Talk vs. Shared File*I: Which processor should be used
?P: Processor AAS: Fast
*P: Processor BAS: Cheap, already in use
*
+
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Smith’s Dimensions
• Information Type– intangible private, ephemeral, tangible instrumental,
tangible target
• Collaboration Time– seconds, minutes, hours, days, weeks, months, years
• Space: – office, floor, site, 1-hour travel, 1-day travel
• Agents– people, informal coalitions, teams, team collections
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IBIS Vs Email
Processor 2/24/99 Which one? (John Smith, responses)2/25/99 Processor A (Mary Lowe, 1 response) 2/26/96 Processor B (Joe Doe)
Meeting Time2/24/96 10am? (Mary Lowe, 1 response)
*I: Which processor should be used ?P: Processor A
AS: Fast*P: Processor B
AS: Cheap, already in use
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Malone’s Coordination TaxonomyCoordination Goal
Goal Decomposition Task Assignment Recursive Allocation Synchronization
Sequencing
1
Fac
ilit
ates
CoordinatorInformation LensRTCAL
Group Decision Making Proposing AlternativesEvaluating Alternatives
2IBIS, PREP, Quilt
Communication Transporting MessagesRouting
3email, ActionWorkflow
Perception of Common Objects4 Grove, CES, RTCAL
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Hydra vs MAJIC MUDS Vs DIVE
User 2User 3
John has entered the room (hear footsteps)
John says, “Hi everyone”
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Benford’s VE TaxonomyD
egre
e of
Art
ific
ialit
y
Degree of Transportation
• Augmented Reality
• Physical Meeting
• Telepresence
•Immersive CVEs
• Hydra • Video Walls
• Video Conference
• Shared Application & Video Conf.
•MAGIC
• Projected CVEs
• Desktop CVEs
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Concurrency Control
• RTCAL• Grove• CES • GroupDraw
• Floor Control • No Control• Tickle Locks• Optimistic Locks
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Flexible Model of CollaborationApplication
Window Version 1
User 1 User 2
Coupling
Window Version 1
Session Management
User
Merging
Undo/Redo
Awareness
CC/AC
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