design what is it?. design what is it? design as an activity in its own right ● different to...

Design

what is it?

Design

what is it?

Designas an activity in its own right

● different to science, art, music

● science explains

● art, music express emotions

Design

an activity in its own right

● the production of an entity (or its representation) to satisfy a given set of requirements

Designas an activity in its own right

design creates

Designas an activity in its own right

design has changed the world

Designas an activity in its own right

a purposeful act

Designcharacteristics

● function / purpose

● behaviour

● structure

F

B

S

F

B

S

P

Designcharacteristics

● function / purpose

● behaviour

● structure

why / what does

how does

what is

Designcharacteristics

● function / purpose● to tell the time● to adorn the wearer● to advertise status

● behaviour● by pointing to appropriate marks● being visible● be attractive, stylish

● structure● gold case /strap, glass face, gold hands, …

Designcharacteristics

● function / purpose● to promote Faculty● to inform

● behaviour● by projecting an academic image● by projecting an attractive look● by displaying accurate & complete information● by being easy to use / navigate

● structure● text, graphics & multimedia● type, shape, size, colour, location, orientation, tone, loudness, …

Unintended Functions

● not purpose of design

● side effects● e.g. cars – exhaust, space, momentum

● may find new purposes● ‘good’ and ‘bad’● cup for measuring, car for ram-raiding

actualbehaviour

analysis

Design processes

function

requiredbehaviour

evaluation

reformulation

pro

ble

mfo

rmu

lati

on

synthesis structure

redesign

description

do

cum

entatio

n

Design classification

● routine design● finding values for structural variables

● innovative design● extending the values of structural variables

● creative design● creating new variables, new types

Design Prototypes

an object-oriented representation for design

Design PrototypesJohn Gero

http://www.arch.usyd.edu.au/~john/publications/ger-prototypes/ger-aimag.html

http://mason.gmu.edu/~jgero/publications/1990/90GeroDesignPrototypes.pdf

Design Prototypesname

typology

context

function

behaviour

structure

knowledge

DP = ƒ (T, C, F, B, S, K)

Design Prototypesname:

typology:

context:

function:

behaviour:

structure:

knowledge:

aTypeOf: door

hinged door

space(S1,S2), wall(W1)

controlsAccess, providesSecurity, …

swings, opens/closes, hasStrength, lockable, …

aComponentOf: wallAssembly(W)hasComponents: (frame, leaf, hinges, handles)material: anyOf: (timber, metal, glass, …)shape: rectangulardimensions: (height, width, thickness)

R45 IF strength OF door IS high THEN providesSecurity function OF door IS satisfactory….

Designing withDesign Prototypes● routine design

● given a specific design prototype instantiate values of variables

● innovative design● select appropriate design prototype extend range of variables by adding new values new subclass

● creative design● create new high-level design prototype new variables &/or new combinations

20

● what is it?

● can computers design?

● can computers be creative?

creativity

computersin design

● what would computers need to do to design?

● what would computers need to be creative?

creative design ?