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Design for Spatial User Interaction
Milica PavlovicInteraction&Experience Design Research Lab, Politecnico di MIlano
Robotic Building, TU Delft, 27/10/2017
Interaction design is
“…the design of subjective and qualitativeaspects of everything that is both digital andinteractive, creating designs that are useful,desirable and acceptable.”
Moggridge, Bill. 2007. Designing interactions. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Saffer, Dan. 2009. Designing for Interaction: Creating Innovative Applications and Devices. New Riders.
spatial design interaction design
Spatial User Interfaces (SUIs)
Natural User Interfaces (NUIs)
Tangible User Interfaces (TUIs)
Multimodal UIs
Mixed & Immersive Reality Interfaces
http://www.sui2017.org/http://tangible.media.mit.edu/Wigdor, Daniel & Wixon, Dennis. 2011. Brave NUI World: Designing Natural User Interfaces for Touch and Gesture. San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.Sarter, Nadine, B. 2006. Multimodal information presentation: Design guidance and research challenges. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics 36 , no. 5 (2006): 439--445.
inFORM, Tangible Media Lab, MIT, 2013 Microsoft Office Labs Vision 2019, 2011 Hyper-Reality, Keiichi Matsuda, 2016
Physical design
Digital design
Human and subjective Technical and objective
INDUSTRIAL DESIGN
GRAPHIC DESIGN
PHYSICAL ERGONOMICS
WEB DESIGN
INTERACTION DESIGN
H.C.I. HARDWARE ENGINEERING
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
COMPUTER SCIENCES
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
PHYSICALSCIENCES
Moggridge, Bill. 2007. Designing interactions. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
SYSTEMSOF SPATIAL USER INTERACTION
Physical design
Digital design
Human and subjective Technical and objective
HARDWARE ENGINEERING
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
COMPUTER SCIENCES
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
PRODUCTION ENGINEERING
PHYSICALSCIENCES
“Dualism is the anti-naturalist claim that the mind and the body are two separate and very different things. The two sorts are the non-physical and the physical.”
Westphal, Jonathan. 2016. The Mind-Body Problem. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press Essential Knowledge.
apparent dualism
Merging the dualist parts through perception and experience
“There are as many spaces as there are distinct spatial experiences.”
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 1962. The Phenomenology of Perception. London and New York: Routledge.
update based on Dan Saffer's diagram, KickerStudio
Digital technologies are employed to create new user experiences that enhance and extend the way people work, communicate and interact.
Giving visibility to experience in architecture
User experience can be observed within:
1-Diverse levels of reasoning about user requirements
2-Diverse action scaling perspectives
3-Diverse elements of the project
User experience can be observed within:
1-Diverse levels of reasoning about user requirements
2-Diverse action scaling perspectives
3-Diverse elements of the project
1-Diverse levels of reasoning about user requirements:
-Usability
-Values and meaningfulness
-Ethics
Usability
Floater by Manuel Kretzer and Mathias Bernhard
Values and meaningfulness
Agnelli Foundation headquarters by Carlo Ratti Associati
Ethics
picture taken from vanguardseattle.com
Ethics
Black Mirror science fiction series created by Charlie Brooker
User experience can be observed within:
1-Diverse levels of reasoning about user requirements
2-Diverse action scaling perspectives
3-Diverse elements of the project
Erwin, Kim. 2013. Communicating The New: Methods to Shape and Accelerate Innovation. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
User experience can be observed within:
1-Diverse levels of reasoning about user requirements
2-Diverse action scaling perspectives
3-Diverse elements of the project
Objectives
Scope
Structure
Skeleton
Surface
Elements of UX in Design for Systems of Spatial User Interaction
Based on Garrett, J. J. 2010. The Elements of User Experience: User-Centered Design for the Web and Beyond. New Riders.
Abstract
Concrete
Abstract
Concrete
Objectives
Scope
Structure
Skeleton
Surface
Elements of UX in Design for Systems of Spatial User Interaction
Analysis
Design
picture taken from vimeo.com/120581837
How do we start?
Schematic thinking through mapping of activities
Parameters for mapping:activities through time, space, social relations, information flows
Real Time Rome - MIT Senseable City Lab
Live Singapore – MIT Senseable City Lab
Whose experience are we mapping?
for this task- your own
Objectives
Task: Video of activitiesObjectives
Task: Video of activitiesObjectives
Jorgen Leth - The Perfect Human, 1967
“Storymapping is mapping out an intended experience ofuse just as you would a story- plot point by plot point.”
Task: Storymapping
Lichaw, D. 2016. The User’s Journey: Storymapping Products That People Love. Rosenfeld Media.
Scope
The Five Obstructions - directed by Lars von Trier and Jorgen Leth –variation 1
The Five Obstructions - directed by Lars von Trier and Jorgen Leth –variation 4
Task: Storymapping- edit the video material for 2 min while summarizing your impressionsScope
What is a journey?
A schematic way to represent in detail the elements of activities you want to design for.
Task: User JourneyStructure
Timeline
Sub-activities and considerations
Touchpoints
Phases
Enriched experience
Pain points
ImpressionsBaseline
Task: User JourneyStructure
v
v
Skeleton Task: Correspondent scheme of Zoning with Mapping of interactive elements
According to the points of interest defined within the timeline, you can define the elements you are going to influence in your design solution and set them within a spatial system scheme.
Identifying spatial parameters for mapping
Identifying phases of action and the correspondent zoning and spatial dimensions
Mapping active points and information flows
Skeleton Task: Correspondent scheme of Zoning with Mapping of interactive elements
Hyperbody MSc2 D2RP&O_DIA Group 2picture taken from ip.hyperbody.nl/index.php/Msc2G8:Group
Spatial ModelSurface
Layering and defining the form
Hyperbody MSc2 D2RP&O_DIA Group 2picture taken from ip.hyperbody.nl/index.php/Msc2G8:Group
Spatial ModelSurface
Definition of a physical shape
Definition of smart systems of sensors and actuators
Hyperbody MSc2 D2RP&O_DIA Group 2picture taken from ip.hyperbody.nl/index.php/Msc2G8:Group
Spatial ModelSurface
Hyperbody MSc2 D2RP&O_DIA Group 2picture taken from ip.hyperbody.nl/index.php/Msc2G8:Group
Systems of sensors and actuators
COMPUTER PROCESSING
ACTUATORS
SENSORS
Input/microcontroller board
Output/microcontroller board
Feedback loops
Sensors rely on chemical, mechanical and/or electrical properties to detect and measure changes in the physical environment. They convert information into digital or analog signals.
What might you want to sense in your project
Temperature
Position/LocationWind
Smoke
Water flow
Humidity
Pressure
Color
Smell
Vibration
Air quality
ENVIRONMENT
Sound/Noise
Motion
Light
Proximity/Presence
Biological data/heart rate, sleep quality, bacteria, sweat…
Deformation
Eye tracking
BODY
ENVIRONMENTBODY
Comfort, Safety, Assistance, Sustainability, Tracking, Social involvement, Provoking action… ?
What is the main objective
Choose your actuators according to which actions and senses you want to influence
An actuator is a type of a motor that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system. Actuators can be hydraulic, pneumatic, electrical, thermal or magnetic, and mechanical.
Structure components, devices and/or material properties
Actuating through
In the following some examples
Structure components
Hylozoic Ground by Philip Beesley Architect at Venice Architecture Biennale
Hylozoic Ground by Philip Beesley Architect at Venice Architecture Biennale
Energy Floors - Piezoelectric-based energy harvesting
Nightclub is fitted with a ‘bouncing’ floor made of springs and a series of power generating blocks.
The blocks made from crystals produce small electrical current when squashed, a process known as piezoelectricity.
As dancers move up and down, the blocks are squeezed, current is fed into nearby batteries.
The batteries are constantly recharged by the movement of the floor, and used to power parts of the nightclub.
Devices
Peltier device- Thermoelectric coolers/heaters
Material properties
Hanabi, Nendo- Shape-memory alloy
Dye-sensitized solar cell
Summary of the tasks for an action-driven design approach
Objectives Video of activities
Scope
Structure
Skeleton
Surface
Storymapping
User Journey
Scheme of Zoning with Mapping of interactive elements
Spatial Model
what kind of experience we want to provoke, what kind of a problem we want to solve
is this something that the user has an interest in interacting with
what might be happening in the longer period
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