description of all vaccines provided to infants in pakistan
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Description of All
vaccines provided to
infants in Pakistan
Content Introduction
Chart Vaccine provided to infants
Description of all vaccine provided to infants • Hepatitis B
• Polio
• DTP
• Haemophilus influenza type B
• Hepatitis A
• Pneumococcal Vaccine
• Rota virus Vaccine
• Chicken Pox
• MMR
• Iinfleunza
Introduction
Pakistan has some of the highest rates of deaths among
children in the world
One child in every 11 (87 per 1000 live births) born in
Pakistan dies before turning 5 years old
Although the rates of child death have been falling
steadily over years
Pakistan is one of the 3 countries where polio
transmission remains endemic
Around a third of these child deaths are due to vaccine
preventable diseases
Chart of Vaccine provided to infants
The term infant is typically applied to young children between the
ages of 1 month and 12 months; however, definitions may vary
between birth and 1 year of age, or even between birth and 2 years of
age
Description of all Vaccine provided to infants
Hepatitis B
1st Dose: At birth
ALL NEWBORNS prior to discharge.
2nd dose: 1-2 months old
Final Dose: age ≥ 24 weeks
Dose
Dose is 0.5ml
Route
given intramuscularly
Polio Vaccine Two types of polio vaccines are
A. IPV
consists of inactivated (killed) poliovirus strains of all three poliovirus types
(IPV) is usually given in four doses
a. 1st Dose Is given at 2 months
b. 2nd Dose is given at 4 months
c. 3rd Dose Is given at 6–18 months
d. 4th Dose at 4–6 years
Dose
• 0.5ml
Route
• SQ
OPV or oral polio vaccine
consists of a mixture of live, attenuated
(weakened) poliovirus strains of all three
poliovirus types
Dose
0.5 ml for single dose
Route
orally
Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis (whooping cough)
The diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (DTaP) vaccine
protects against the following deseases in infants and
children
Diphtheria
Tetanus
Pertussis (whooping cough)
DTaP immunizations are given as a series of five injections, usually
administered at ages 2 months,4 months,6 months.15–18 months
Dose
dose is 0.5ml
Route
given intramuscularly
Haemophilus influenzae type b
Minimum age:
6 weeks
Schedule:
2,4,6 months with booster at 12-15 months old
Dose:
0.5ml
Route
IM
Possible reaction:
pain, redness and/or swelling at injection site in 25%; rarely fever and irritability
Hepatitis A vaccine (HepA)
Minimum age:
12 months
Schedule
2 doses of hep A vaccine iss given 1st dose is given at the age of at 1 year of age and 2nd dose is given 6 month apart
Dose
Dose is 0.5ml
Route
given IM antero lat thigh
Pneumococcal Vaccine
Types of pneomococcal vaccine
PCV (Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine recommended for infants
PPV (Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine recommended for
children and adults)
Schedule for PCV
Total 4 doses are given
Pcv is given at the age of 2 months,4 months,6 months,12 through 15
months
Dose
Single dose 0.5 ml
ROUTE
Given Intramuscularly
Rotavirus virus vaccine
Minimum age:
6 weeks
Schedule:
2,4,6 months
Route
Both vaccines are oral (taken by mouth and swallowed)
Rotavirus vaccine precautions —
Rotavirus vaccine should not be given to infants with a known immunodeficiency In all infants, there is a small risk of diarrhea and vomiting in the week after the vaccine is given.
Chiken pox Schedule
2 doses of chickenpox vaccine are given
The first dose should be given at 12–15 months, and the second dose at 4–6 years
Dose
dose is 0.1ml
route of administration
0.5ml dose is given subcutaneously
Possible Risks
Possible mild effects are tenderness and redness where the shot was given, fever, fatigue, and a varicella-like illness. There is a very small chance of an allergic reaction with any vaccine
INFLUENZA There are two types of influenza vaccine; one is an
injection (shot), while the other is administered as a nasal spray nasal spray is not recommended for infants
Scheule
Flu shots are usually given once a year from October to mid-November. The shots provide protection throughout the flu season — October to Apri the first dose is given 1t 6 month of age
Effectivness
The injectable influenza vaccine protects between 70 and 90 infants from developing flue
Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) Schedule
two doses of MMR is given at age of
1st dose: 12 through 15 months
2nd dose: 4 through 6 years
Dose:
0.5 Ml
Route
SQ
Effectivness
MMR vaccine protects more than 99 percent of infants from developing measles and 95 percent of infans from developing mumps and rubella
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