dental health and nutrition by chelsey newton. learning objectives properly identify the major...
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Dental Health and NutritionBy Chelsey Newton
Learning Objectives◦ Properly identify the major problems
associated with our teeth
◦ Describe some of the diseases that affect our dental health as a result of our diet
◦ Identify what foods to encourage for good dental health and some foods to avoid that may cause harm to our teeth
Tooth GrowthAre 4 main stages to tooth
development1. Basic structure of teeth form2. Hard tissue forms3. Tooth eruption4. Loss of “baby” teeth
Regan, Katie (2010).
Baby Teeth vs. Permanent Teeth
20 baby teeth32 permanent teeth
Regan, Katie (2010).
Anatomy of a toothAre 4 main parts to a tooth
1. Enamel2. Dentin3. Pulp4. Root
Regan, Katie (2010).
Nutrition Needs for Tooth Development
◦Calcium◦Phosphorus◦Vitamin D◦Vitamin C
Regan, Katie (2010).
Dental Diseases Affecting Quality of LifeImpacts our self esteemImpacts our eating ability and
nutrient intakeHinders our overall health
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Enamel HypoplasiaDefect in enamel formationCaused by deficiency in:
◦Vitamin D◦Vitamin A◦Protein energy malnutrition (PEM)
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Salivary Gland AtrophyInability of the mouth to fight off
infectionsCaused by inadequate Vitamin A
and PEM
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Periodontal DiseaseChronic DiseaseInflammation of the gums and
bone around the teethCaused by Vitamin C deficiency
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Fluorosis Disturbance of enamel
development on our teeth as they are growing in
Due to excess intakes of fluorideCauses brown spotting on the
teeth
Palmer, C. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2012)
Oral InfectionsMain cause: malnutritionMalnutrition impairs the defenses in
our mouth against invading pathogensThis allows bacteria to more easily
bind to mucosal cells and cause infection
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Oral Infections: ANGAcute necrotizing gingivitis
◦Most common oral infectionIf left untreated, will lead to
Noma◦ Noma is an orofacial gangrene
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Dental CariesAn infectious diseaseMetabolism of dietary sugars in
dental plaque which cause demineralization of enamel & dentine
Lingström, P., & Moynihan, P. (2003).
Dental Caries Cont.Dietary causes: sugar in our diet!Frequency AND amount of sugar
both have negative effects on our teeth
Lingström, P., & Moynihan, P. (2003).
Measure of Dental CariesExtent of dental decay is
measured by dmft/DMFT (primary detention/permanent detention)
Used worldwide for indication of dental decay in populations
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004).
dmft/DMFT for dental caries
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004).
Ways to Reduce Sugar IntakeAvoid sipping on sugary drinks all
day◦Therefore not exposing our teeth to
a constant intake of sugarCut down on sweetsBrush our teeth before bed and
after meals
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004).
Tricks to reducing dental caries
Drinking Milk!◦ Contains calcium, phosphorus, casein
Eat hard cheese after consuming sugary food/beverage
Eat high fiber foods, drinking black tea
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004).
Fruit Linked to Dental Caries?!
Research has found fruit consumed in high amounts has an impact on prevalence of dental caries◦BUT have to consume an excessive
amount!
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004).
Consume sugar and not get dental caries?Alternative Sweetners!Aesulfame KSucralosePolyols- Sugar AlcoholStevia
Hendriksen, M., Tijhuis, M., Fransen, H., Verhagen, H., & Hoekstra, J. (2011).
Dental Erosion Progressive condition Causes permanent loss of dental hard tissue Are intrinsic and extrinsic factors
◦ IF= vomiting, regurgitation, low salivary rate◦ EF= result of our diet
It reduces the size of our teeth and restorative treatment is expensive
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Extrinsic factors leading to dental erosionDiets containing citric acid, phosphoric acid,
ascorbic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and carbonic acids
In food and drink with a pH below 5.5◦ This is because our enamel pH is about 5.5
Moynihan, P., & Poul, E. P. (2004)
Common dietary causes of dental erosion
Diet Medications
Acid carbonated beverages
Iron tonics
Citrus fruit juices Vitamin C tablets
Other acid fruit juices Aspirin
Acidic sports drinks
Wines
Cider
Acidic herbal teas
Citrus fruits
Other acidic fruits and berries
Vinegar conserves
Acid flavored candies
TABLE II. COMMON DIETARY CAUSES OF DENTAL EROSIONTable options
Nunn, J. (2001).
How to reduce dental erosion prevalence?Soft drink companies are
recognizing the large affect their products have on dental erosion◦Reducing the acid content◦Raising the pH of drinks◦Inclusion of protective factors
Nunn, J. (2001).
FluorideNatural element99% of fluoride is in our bones &
teethImportant role in bone health and
mineralizationUsed to increase tooth
mineralization and reduce enamel loss
Palmer, C. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2012).
Forms of Fluoride Found in many forms including:
◦ Water sources◦ Food◦ Gels◦ Foams◦ Oral rinses◦ Fluoridated dentrifices
Palmer, C. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2012).
DRI for Fluoride
Palmer, C. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2012).
Downside to Fluoride…Amount of fluoride in water is directly
controlled by public referendaAre usually candidates that run with
campaign that water shouldn’t be fluoridated◦ Give false information that fluoridated
water causes cancer or even AIDS
Palmer, C. A., & Gilbert, J. A. (2012).
Tooth loss & Dentures: Effects on impairing nutrition?Adults able to retain teeth longer however
majority of older adults have impaired dental function
Dentures= a whole new set of teeth?Foods avoided by denture wearers
◦ Fruit, vegetables, beta-carotene containing foods
Moynihan, P., & Bradbury, J. (2001).
Tricks to increase nutrient intake for Denture wearers and tooth loss
Steam vegetablesMake fruit smoothies!Drink protein supplement shakes
◦Boost◦Ensure
Moynihan, P., & Bradbury, J. (2001).
Cost of Dental Diseases
Moynihan, P., & Bradbury, J. (2001).
Our role as Dietitians Advocate for ways to achieve
proper oral health and nutritionForm partnerships with dental
professionalsSpread importance of fluoride in
water
Moynihan, P., & Bradbury, J. (2001).
ConclusionSee learning objectives to ensure
a complete understanding of them
Able to be better informed on recognizing our role as dietetic students in regards to oral nutrition
Questions??
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