day 46 opening question

• Use 2 slots• Slot 1 Title = Science

Advancements– What new advancements

in science should humans try to achieve today and/or in our lifetimes?

• Slot 2 Title = Science Fears– What new advancement in

science do you fear? Why?

– What do you think society fears in science? Why?

• Title = Aliens• If an alien spaceship landed in the

United States tomorrow, how would you/the world handle this moment? What could happen?

• Analyze the PERSIAGM impact of the scientists of the Scientific Revolution

• EQ5 – How did the Scientific Revolution impact Europe intellectually, socially, and religiously?

• Starts in the mid 1500 to early 1700s

• Inspired by…– Ren

• Why?– Other time

periods!!• Why?

• What invention will help it?

• Advancements in Math (and offshoots of it) happened

• Renaissance changes everything– explodes information of

Greeks– Scientists of 1500 have more

to question or test– artists observed nature more

• Math stressed more– Math used to make war

inventions– Math = answer to all scientific

questions

• …• Whenever a Revolution takes place, there are usually

adversaries…who are they in this story?• What is at stake in this struggle?• Whenever new “revolutionary” ideas are introduced to

society, what process seems to take place?• If “revolutionary” ideas eventually win, what must all of

society do with these ideas?

• Astronomy– Nicholas

Copernicus (1473-1543)

– Martin Luther (1483-1546)• The Tag Team

that never was

• Heliocentric Model of the Universe– Sun is the

possible center of the Universe…NOT EARTH

• On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres

• How did he discover this?

• Geocentric Model– Ptolemy (Ancient

Greek who came up with it) and Aristotle

– Earth is the Center of the Universe

• Who supports this model?– Bible (God and

heaven after Saturn)

– Ptolemy + Aristotle supporters

– Most of society felt it made sense

• Make sense?

• RC Church Quiet for now

• Tycho Brahe (1546-1601)– His

discovery?• Johannes

Kepler (1571-1630)– His

discovery?• What is their

impact? Did they agree with Copernicus?

• Galileo Galilei (1564-1642)– Italian

• Invents and uses…– What does he

conclude?

• Writes “The Starry Messenger”– Publishes his discoveries

• Jupiter’s moons, sunspots• Confirmed helio-centrism as

FACT• Upsets…

– Catholic Church• “This Italian is hurting the

credibility of his own church”– RC Church tells him to teach

helio-centrism, not as fact…• But as theory,

– Not in big trouble…yet

• Dialogue of the Two Chief World Systems: Ptolemaic and Copernican

• Three men having a dialogue– Sagredo – Simplicio – Salviati

• What do they discuss?– Salviati persuades Sagredo

to believe the Copernican theory

– Simplicio is the stupid Ptolemy supporter

• 68, old and sick• Guilty of…

– Heresy and disobedience

• What does Galileo have to do to get off the hook? (and he does it!!)– Denounce his

beliefs (déjà vu)• Says “And yet it

does move” on his way out the trial room (?)

• House arrest for last 8 years of his life

• His writings spread and gain support– Europe adjusts

• Dies in 1642

• Copernicus• Brahe• Kepler• Galileo• Paracelsus• Andreas Vesalius• William Harvey• Robert Boyle• Francis Bacon• Rene Descartes• Isaac Newton• Blaise Pascal

• Greek Physician Galen• His anatomy pictures were the

standard– But made from animals (no Leo)

• Many flawed theories– 2 blood systems– 4 humors (blood, yellow bile,

phlegm, black bile)– Urine analysis the “best” test

• 3 men will challenge Galen

• Father of Toxicology• Studied effects of

chemicals on the human body– even toxic substances

can be beneficial in the right dosage…

• Controversial but accomplished

• Sickness does not come from 4 humor imbalance, but…– Outside agents

• 1514-1563• Wrote “On the Fabric

of the Human Body”• His impact? • His book is mass

produced because of advancements with…–Printing Press

• Vesalius was wrong about one thing though

• 1578-1657• Wrote “On the Motion of

the Heart and Blood”• All blood begins at…

– Heart• not liver

• Red and Blue blood are the same– It makes one circulation

through body

• At this time people were interested in what was “truth” and how it can be determined

• Descartes and Bacon’s ideas say that truth is all that we can prove.

• Belief and faith not part of it…–Who is

• 1561-1625• Began Scientific

Method• Views on Religion?• Inductive

Reasoning?–Experimentation

and observation will find truth

–Don’t begin an experiment with…• General

assumption you want to test…

• French (1596-1650)

• Deductive Reasoning?– Human Reason

solves what?– AKA Rationalism

• Descartes & Scientific Method?

• Founded Cartesian dualism– 2 things exist in the universe (made by God)

• Mind…can’t doubt it exists• Matter…which is dead/inert

– Mind and Matter are separate• Use REASON in your mind to find truth in the material

world and the laws that operate it– If Mind and Matter are separate, what else is?

• Descartes and Religion?

Who combines inductive and deductive?

• 1643-1727 (English)• Why is he famous?

(a few books written)– Laws of Universal

Gravitation explains…• Completes

Copernican Theory– 3 laws of motion

• Explains how & why everything moves

– Combined Bacon & Descartes to finish the Scientific Method

• Light & Optics– Theory of

Color based on bending white light with prism

• Made first…– Reflecting

Telescope• Developed

calculus theories

• More

• Founder of modern Chemistry– Ascends the field of

alchemy to legitimate science

• Made theory of…–Elements,

Compounds and Mixtures

• Begins to fade out Alchemy

• Who is winning the struggle?– Scientists (Copernican theory supporters)

• What are the effects on Religion and Society?– Secularization?

• Did scientists want to hurt Religion? Yes or no?– Newton felt Science would validate God’s existence

Ghost Hunters!!

• Benedict de Spinoza• Who inspired him?

–Descartes• Contribution to

making peace?–Pantheism(monism)

• What is the big deal?

• What are his scientific talents?

• How does he try to make peace with Science and Religion?

• Does reason & faith mix, or are they separate?– “The heart goes beyond

reason, and that is what feels God”

• What else did he do? – You should bet that God exists

• If He does– then we all win

• If He does not– we lose nothing

• Will Pascal be Successful?

• Yes or No…why?• Like the Sci Rev, women

were also inspired by…• What “old” POV stood in

their way?– What happened in the Sci Rev

to uphold this POV? (sheesh)• Psychologically?• Biologically?

• They even lost traditional jobs…

Maria Sibylla Merian

•Both were accomplished in their fields…

•German•English •Obstacles they faced?

•Other similarities? (some are big)

• How did they jump on board the revolution?• England, France & Germany get involved…

6. Governments & Science?

• Which classes are impacted first, and the most?–Elite & Mercantile…(how and

why?)• When does the Scientific

Revolution complete itself? (excitement, struggle, acceptance)

• Religion and Science always at odds to some degree–Copernicus, to Evolution, to cloning, to aliens,

to stem cell research–http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pSm7BcQ

HWXk

• Science and Society always build off of one another–Science impacts

politics, religion, society, art, military