danish ghg and ammonia emissions
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Danish GHG and ammonia emissions
- the present and future changes -
by
Steen Gyldenkærne and Mette H. MikkelsenDepartment of Policy Analysis
National Environmental Research Institute, Denmark
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Gg
CO
2-eq
u.
0
20000
40000
60000
80000
100000
120000
To
nn
es N
H3-
N
Gg N2O (CO2-equ.)
Gg CH4 (CO2-equ.)
Tonnes NH3-N
The calculated Danish emission of NH3, N2O and CH4 1990-2001
Before
- separate NH3 emission calculation
- separate CH4 emission calculation
- separate N2O calculation
After
Integrated emission system based on the Danish ammonia emission system
Background for the Danish System
Two dead lobsters in 1985
The Danish Action Plan on the Aquatic Environment in 1987• reduction targets for nitrogen in ground water and leaching
• maximum amount of nitrogen per hectare
• maximum number of animals per hectare
• ban of spreading of manure after harvest
• minimum 9 month storage capacity
• a control system by the Danish Plant Directorate
Danish Agricultural
Advisory Centre
National Environmental
Research Institute
Danish Institute of
Agricultural Sciences
A strong co-operation
The Danish Norm report (Poulsen et al. 2002)
Data sheet for Dairy cow (Poulsen et al. 2002)
Type No.in 2002
Stable type Percentage Manure type
Large dairy cows 558.093 Stanchion bars with liquid and solid manure 18 Solid manure18 +Liquid manuire
Stanchion bars with grid 28 SlurryLose holdings with beds, slatted floor, ring drain 34 SlurryLose holdings with beds, slatted floor, scrapers 3 SlurryLose holdings with beds, solid floor, scrapers 6 SlurryDeep litter (whole area) 0 Deep litterDeep litter, slatted floor, ring drain 7 Deep litter
7 +SlurryDeep litter, slatted floor, scrapers 1 Deep litter
1 +SlurryDeep litter, solid floor, scrapers 3 Deep litter
3 +Slurry
Distribution of dairy cows in stable types in 2001
The Danish NH3 emission system cover some of the most important figures for estimation CH4 and N2O emissions•Animals divided in subgroups
•Stable types
•Manure types
•N ab stable
•N ab storage
•N available for plants after manure application
•Amount of artificial fertiliser used
•Amount of sewage used as fertiliser
•Calculated ammonia emission
CH4-emission
The Danish feeding system is based on Feeding Units (FU)
Enteric fermentation•Converting FU to MJ
Manure management•Amount of liquid and solid manure in each stable type is known
•Coverage of slurry tanks reduce the CH4 emission
•Temperature dependent production of CH4,
21
12 )(exp
TRT
TTEf
N2O-emission I
From artificial fertiliser is calculated in the basic system
From grassing is calculated in the basic system
From manure management is calculated in the basic system
From sewage sludge is calculated in the basic system
NH3 and NOx emission is calculated in the basic system
N2O-emission II
Leaching and Runoff calculated by DIAS as a follow up of the Water Action Plans•1990: 290.000 tonnes N
•2000: 209.000 tonnes N
Nitrogen fixation and N i crop residues are calculated by DIAS as a follow up of the Water Action Plans•Danish Residue/Crop Product ratios are calculated by DIAS
Newly established wetlands are not incorporated•16.000 hectares are planned with N-removal capacity of
30-40.000 tonnes N
Uncertainty
The number of animals are well known(Cattle have their own ID)
Stabling are well known
Manure management are well known
Leaching and Runoff are fairly well known
Skjøt et al.2003 unpublished
Modelled and measured NH3-concentration in an agricultural area in Denmark 2000
Modelled and measured NH3-concentration in an agricultural area in Denmark 1999-2001
Skjøt et al.2003 unpublished
Conclusion
Relatively good estimates in future
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