daniel vogt with korena mafune - university of washingtondepts.washington.edu/esrm311/autumn...
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ESRM 311
SEFS 507
Soils and Land Use
Daniel Vogt
with
Korena Mafune
http://depts.washington.edu/esrm311/ or
http://depts.washington.edu/sefs507/
Course Objectives
1) Learn about soils and their
properties in general
• Laboratory
• Field trips
• Readings
• Final Projects
Course Objectives
2) Familiarize yourself with
specific properties of soils
• King Co. soil survey
• Field trips
• Readings
Course Objectives
3) See how soil properties
affect potential uses of soils
• Field trips
• Final Projects
Course Objectives
4) Encourage you to consider
soils in the context of your
specific field of interests
• Lab/Field Trip write-ups in notebook
• Final Projects & presentations
Grading:
ESRM 311 SEFS 507
• Field/Lab notebook 50% 40%
• Project & presentation 40% 40%
• Peer Review (projects) 10% 10%
• Field Trip presentation - - 10%
Lab/Field Notebooks (Individual write-ups)
5pts Introduction - background information
5pts Purpose - specific things we saw
10pts Literature - summaries of material from the readings
20pts Observations – chronological recount of what you saw
40pts Results and Discussion – soil prop, limitations, uses
10pts Conclusions - summary of the high points
10pts Brief but complete
Week #1 Introduction
Week #2 Soil Properties Lab (in Bloedel 211)
Week #3 Parent Material - Field Trip #1 (Arboretum)
Week #4 Urban Soils - No field trip, notebooks due, work on
projects, grads prep for Field Trip
Week #5 Water in Soils - Field Trip #2
(Burke-Gilman Trail/Rob's House/CUH)
Course covers:
Week #6 Organic Matter/wetlands - Field Trip #3
(Seattle/Bellevue) – wetlands/peat
Week #7 Erosion & Deposition - Field Trip #4
(Redmond Ridge/Sammamish Canyon/Snoq Valley)
Week #8 Water Management - Field Trip #5
(Cougar Mt, etc)
Week #9 Field Trip #6 (Graduate Student led trip)
Week #10 In-Class Presentations of Final Projects
?????
Course covers: (cont’d)
Soil’s Composition?
10
• minerals (45%) • organic matter (5%) • air (20-30%) • water (20-30%)
10
http://www.geography.hunter.cuny.edu/~tbw/nc
c/Notes/chap4.wc/soils/how.soil.is.made.jpg
How are soils formed???
11
Soils Overview for ‘Soils and Land Use’
• Properties of Soils
– Weathering
• Chemical
• Physical
• Biological
• Seattle and its soils
12 12
Weathering’s Visual Influence on Soil: Some Soil Layers/Horizons
13
O - Organic materials
A - Topsoil
B - Subsoil
Weathered or decomposed rock C -
R - Solid rock
13
Soil Formation/Development
SOILS = f (?????)
SOILS = f (cl, r, o, p, t)
14
15
Some effects of climate on
soil profile development
SOILS = f(Cl, r, o, p, t) Aridisol (hot, little ppt)
Oxisol (hot, more ppt)
16
Some effects of slope on soil profile
development
http://www.geography.hunter.cuny.edu/~tbw/ncc/Notes/chapter.4.outline.html
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t)
17
Some effects of Organisms
on soil profile development
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t)
Mollisol
Spodosol
18
1) Sedentary a) residual (bedrock weathered in place) b) organic
2) Transported by
a) gravity - colluvial b) water - alluvial - marine
- lacustrine c) ice - glacial - outwash - till d) wind (eolian) - sand dunes (coarse) - loess (silt, vfs) - volcanic (ash)
Parent Materials
19
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t)
Effects of some Parent material on soil profile development
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t)
Alluvial
Glacial outwash
Organic
Volcanic
20
Some effects of Time
on soil profile development
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t)
Alluvial (young) Oxisol
(old) Mollisol (mature)
21
http://cooperator.com/articles/1526/1/How-to-Deal-with-Urban-Construction/Page1.html http://www.forestryimages.org/browse/detail.cfm?imgnum=5410517
Ap horizon
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Vendeplog.jpg http://www.yale.edu/fes519b/pitchpine/horizons.html
SOILS = f(cl, r, o, p, t, ……..H)
Some effects of Humans on soil profile development
22
BUT!!!
Vegetation Animals
Soils
Humans
Seattle Denny Regrade Projects
1897 – 1930
Blue – Denny regrade projects
Red – Denny Regrade #1
Purple – Denny Regrade #2
Denny Regrade #1 - post card
Denny School demolished prior to Regrade #2 - post card
Denny Regrade #2
Before
After
• Boots, warm/dry clothing, backpack?, drinking water,
‘Rite in the Rain’ notebook, pencil, ????
• Meet in lab (BLD 211)
Bio
Name?
Where from?
Major?
Why are you taking this class?
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