dam

DESIGN AND ANALYSIS DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A CONCRETE OF A CONCRETE GRAVITY DAM GRAVITY DAM

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF-UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF-

DR. P. M. PAWARDR. P. M. PAWAR

1) Risso Johnny2)Kapu Takar3)Atan Ketan4)Thorat Manoj5)Shaikh Arshanaj

Project Presented by:

PROJECT PROJECT OVERVIEWOVERVIEW

Design by Design by Conventional Conventional MethodMethod..

Simulation by Simulation by ANSYSANSYS.. Static & Stress analysis by Static & Stress analysis by STAAD Pro .STAAD Pro .

Optimization by Optimization by Genetic Genetic Algorithm.Algorithm.

DamDam Dam is a Dam is a solid barrier solid barrier constructed at a suitable constructed at a suitable

location across a river valley to location across a river valley to store flowing waterstore flowing water.. Types of DamsTypes of Dams: :

Earth dam Gravity dam Arch dam Buttress dam

Site Selection Site Selection CriteriaCriteria Narrow gorge or small valley with enough Narrow gorge or small valley with enough

catchment area.catchment area. Length of dam to constructed is less.Length of dam to constructed is less. Water-tightness of reservoir.Water-tightness of reservoir. Good hydrological conditionsGood hydrological conditions Deep reservoirDeep reservoir Small submerged areaSmall submerged area Low silt inflowLow silt inflow No objectionable mineralsNo objectionable minerals Low cost of real estateLow cost of real estate Site easily accessibleSite easily accessible

Site InvestigationSite Investigation Engineering SurveyEngineering Survey

Geological InvestigationGeological Investigation

Hydrological InvestigationHydrological Investigation

Location of the proposed Location of the proposed Gravity DamGravity Dam

DIGITAL DIGITAL PLANIMETERPLANIMETER

SALIENT SALIENT FEATURESFEATURES

Catchment Area Catchment Area = = 125000125000 sq.km sq.km

Runoff Runoff = = 142.3505142.3505 mmmm YieldYield = = 1.775×101.775×101010 m m33

Rate of siltingRate of silting = = 100100mm33 / Km / Km22/year/year

Dead Storage Dead Storage = = 12501250 MmMm33

Live Storage Live Storage = = 250250 MmMm33

Gross StorageGross Storage = = 15001500 MmMm33

STABILITY CHECKSTABILITY CHECK Self weight of the dam Self weight of the dam = = 84883.72284883.722 KN KN Uplift pressure Uplift pressure = = 31632.8331632.83 KN KN Hydrostatic pressure Hydrostatic pressure = = 33790.5533790.55 KN KN Resisting MomentResisting Moment = = 4313343.64313343.6 KNm KNm Overturning Moment Overturning Moment = = 2573564.512573564.51 KNm KNm F.O.S against overturning F.O.S against overturning = = 1.678 > 1.5 1.678 > 1.5 F.O.S against sliding F.O.S against sliding = = 1.17 > 11.17 > 1 Shear Friction FactorShear Friction Factor = = 4.1725 > 44.1725 > 4

Stress CalculationStress Calculation

Normal Stresses :Normal Stresses : Toe = Toe = 1014.7391014.739

KN/mKN/m22

Heel = Heel = 357.15357.15 KN/m KN/m22

Principal Stresses Principal Stresses : : Toe = Toe = 1774.001774.00 KN/m KN/m22

Heel = Heel = 357.149357.149 KN/m KN/m22

Shear Stresses : Shear Stresses : Toe = Toe = 877.75877.75

KN/mKN/m22

Heel = Heel = 45.70 45.70 KN/m KN/m22

a) RESEREVIOR FULL CONDITION

Stress CalculationStress Calculation Normal Stresses :Normal Stresses : Toe = Toe = 157157.05.05 KN/m KN/m22

Heel =Heel =1950.491950.49 KN/m KN/m22

Principal Stresses Principal Stresses : : Toe = Toe = 274.56274.56 KN/m KN/m22

Heel =Heel =1970.491970.49 KN/m KN/m22

Shear Stresses : Shear Stresses : Toe = Toe = 135135.85.85

KN/mKN/m22

Heel = Heel = 19195.02 5.02 KN/m KN/m22

b) RESERVOIR EMPTY CONDITION

Overview of Overview of ANSYSANSYS ANSYS, Inc.ANSYS, Inc. is an engineering is an engineering

simulation software with its simulation software with its headquartered south of Pittsburgh in headquartered south of Pittsburgh in canonsburg Pennsylvania, united canonsburg Pennsylvania, united states.states.

It is mainly associated with simulation It is mainly associated with simulation of various mechanical components, of various mechanical components, dams, water tanks, etc.dams, water tanks, etc.

Simulation is the process of studying Simulation is the process of studying the behavior of a structure or a the behavior of a structure or a component before actually making it. component before actually making it.

Use of ansys in our Use of ansys in our projectproject

Simulate the proposed dam section Simulate the proposed dam section with hydrostatic load, uplift pressure with hydrostatic load, uplift pressure and self weight.and self weight.

Check the principal, normal, Check the principal, normal, maximum and shear stresses at the maximum and shear stresses at the toe and the heel.toe and the heel.

1) Normal stresses1) Normal stresses1) Ansys calculations:

a) At heel: 3.412e5 Pa b) at toe: 1.0388e6 Pa 2) Manual calculations:a) At heel: 3.5715 e5 Pa b) at toe: 1.014e6 Pa

2) Shear Stress2) Shear Stress1) Ansys calculations:1) Ansys calculations:

a) At heela) At heel: : 4.1764.176ee44 PaPa b) at toeb) at toe: : 7.42357.4235ee5 5 PaPa

2) Manual calculations:2) Manual calculations:

a) At heela) At heel: : 4.5704.570 e4 e4 PaPa b) at toeb) at toe: : 8.7775e5 8.7775e5 PaPa

3) Principal stresses3) Principal stresses1) Ansys calculations:1) Ansys calculations:

a) At heel: a) At heel: 3.42893.4289ee55 PaPa b) at toe: b) at toe: 1.171.17ee6 6 PaPa 2) Manual calculations:2) Manual calculations:a) At heel: a) At heel: 3.57e53.57e5 PaPa b) at toe: b) at toe: 1.774e6 1.774e6 PaPa

Static & hydrostatic Analysis Static & hydrostatic Analysis by using by using

STAAD Pro.V8iSTAAD Pro.V8i

About the STAAD Pro.V8iAbout the STAAD Pro.V8i

STAAD Pro.V8i is a modern STAAD Pro.V8i is a modern sophisticated civil engineering sophisticated civil engineering software for the analysis and design software for the analysis and design of civil structuresof civil structures like like low and high-low and high-rise buildings, dams, culverts, rise buildings, dams, culverts, petrochemical plants, tunnels, petrochemical plants, tunnels, bridges, piles, aquatic structures and bridges, piles, aquatic structures and much more!much more!

Use in our Use in our ProjectProject

Static Analysis andStatic Analysis andHydrostatic Analysis Hydrostatic Analysis for DAM Section.for DAM Section.

Static analysis of Static analysis of StructureStructure

Dam Geometry

GEOMETRY OF DAM

3D View of Dam3D View of Dam

Dead & Live Load Dead & Live Load CombinationCombination

Fixed End Fixed End MomentsMoments

Displacement of the Displacement of the StructureStructure

Hydrostatic Pressure Hydrostatic Pressure AnalysisAnalysis

Hydrostatic Pressure Loadings

Stress on StructureStress on Structure

Optimization of Optimization of the dam sectionthe dam section

- - By genetic algorithmBy genetic algorithm

Dam section Dam section

Problem Formulation Problem Formulation Formulation of the problem in Formulation of the problem in

Mat lab. Mat lab. Constraint function i.e. Area Constraint function i.e. Area

computations. computations. Unconstraint function i.e. Unconstraint function i.e.

Eccentricity computations.Eccentricity computations.

Variables in Variables in constraint functionconstraint functiona= 12%-16% of h a= 12%-16% of h x= 40-50% of ax= 40-50% of ay= 10-15% of ay= 10-15% of a

Matlab code Matlab code

Mat lab resultMat lab result

Results after Results after optimizationoptimization

Optimized section was obtained for Optimized section was obtained for a= a=12m12m x=x=40% of a40% of a y= y= 15% of a15% of a

Dam cross sectional area was Dam cross sectional area was reduced to 3218.5715 square meter reduced to 3218.5715 square meter from 4405 square meter.from 4405 square meter.

Base width was reduced by Base width was reduced by 1.7m 1.7m from 79.40m to 77.70 m.from 79.40m to 77.70 m.

OPTIMIZED SECTION

CONCLUSION DRAWNSafe and optimal dam

section is obtained, which is the most economical and the safest in which no tension is developed anywhere in the dam section.

THANK YOU