cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins studies in some parts of russian … · 2019-02-20 · cyanobacteria...
Post on 27-Jun-2020
2 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins studies
in some parts of Russian Federation
Saint-Petersburg Scientific Research Centre for Ecological
Safety Russian Academy of Sciences
(SRCES RAS)
Ekaterina Chernova , Zoya Zhakovskaya
19-21 February 2015, Seville
Our department - Eco-Chemical studies
Saint-Petersburg
Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety
Russian Academy of Sciences
Total neurotoxicity (biosensors)
Anna Pilip
anyta_273@mail.ru
Algological Studies
EkaterinaVoyakina, phD katerina.voyakina@gmail.com Instrumental analysis (LCMS)
– cyanotoxins determination
Iana Russkikh, phD,
yanarussk@gmail.com
Ekaterina Chernova s3561389@yandex.ru
Head of the department
Zoya Zhakovskaya, phD zazhak@hotmail,com
Area–
11,0 km2
Sestroretskij
Razliv Lake
Area–
0,98 km2
Low Suzdal
Lake
Monitoring of HAB of two eutrophic Saint Petersburg
lakes with high recreation load since 2008.
Saint-Petersburg SRCES RAS
Planktothrix agardhii
Microcystis spp. M. aeruginosa
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
M. viridis
M. wesenbergii
Toxin-producing species
in water bodies of Saint-Petersburg
Saint-Petersburg SRCES RAS
Nutrients gradients:
ammonia nitrogen (0,6 – 2,0 mg N L–1)
phosphates (0,002 – 0,600 mg P L–1).
Cyanobacterial biomass:
the highest - 182,7 mg L–1 in 2013
Cyanobacteria contribution in phytoplankton varied
from 30% to 88% of the total biomass during 2010–2014.
Sestroretskij Razliv Lake a large artificial eutrophic
reservoir primarily used for
recreational purposes.
Surface area – 11,0 km2,
average depth – 1,6 m.
Saint-Petersburg SRECES RAS
HAB in Sestroretskij Razliv Lake, 2010
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae,
Planktothrix agardhii,
Microcystis aeruginosa,
M.wesenbergii, M. viridis
Dominated species:
Detected MC variants:
MC-LR, dm-MC-LR,
MC-RR, dm-MC-RR,
MC-YR Average seasonal
ΣMCs 0,2-6,3 μg L-1
St-Petersburg, SRCES RAS
Detected cyanotoxins by LCMS: average seasonal ΣMCs 0,1-0,9 μg L-1
dm-MC-RR, MC-RR and MC-YR – the main MC variants.
2014: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae periodically was monodominant species .
Anatoxin-A in water was determined during May-October, 2014
Lower Suzdal Lake
Dominated species: Aphanizomenon flos-aquae,
Planktothrix agardhii, Microcystis spp.
The surface area is 0,97 km2,
the average depth is 3,0 m.
Cyanobacteria biomass
Average – 6,2 mg L–1
the highest – 26,0 mg L–1 in 2012
Cyanobacteria contribution
in phytoplankton 10-70%
of the total biomass (2010–2014).
Determination of Total neurotoxicity using biosensors:
target compound - AN-A(S) as organophosphate
Amperometric method is used for the detection of AN-A(S)
by the estimation of Cholinesterase Activity after influence of
potential inhibitors using the equipment “Easy Check” .
Principle of method: Certain chemical classes of compounds, such as
organophosphates (OPs) and carbamates (CMs) can 'inhibiting' cholinesterase.
Necessary to run differential analysis for carbamates and organophosphates
pesticides by another method (for instance, LCMS)
St-Petersburg, SRCES RAS
LOD of method 0.5-2.0 nmol of OPs
Analysis Time - 30 min
Sample volume – 1ml
Consumables: enzymes (ChE) and
substrates (propionyl thyoholine)
Laboratory of biological methods for ecological safety
Head of Laboratory - Nadezda Medvedeva, Dr. Sci., (ngmedvedeva@gmail.com)
Applied methods: Microbiological, Biochemical,
Instrumental physico-chemical methods
Research works:
* Effect of pollutants on Growth, Development and Toxin Production by
Microalgae
The stress response of microalgae (genera Anabaena, Aphanizomenon,
Microcystis, Nodularia, Planktothrix, Oocystis, Scenedesmus) on the impact of
organic and inorganic pollutants was investigated.
Result: heavy metals, 1,2,4-triazole, octyl- and nonylphenols influenced on
microcystin production by toxigenic cyanobacteria of genera Microcystis,
Planktothrix.
* Microbiological destruction of algal toxins
Active bacterial strains - destructors of microcystins MC-LR, dmMC-LR, MC-
RR were isolated from natural sources. The enzymatic pathway for the
degradation of these hepatotoxins are studied.
St-Petersburg, SRCES RAS
• Phytoplankton Studies (blue-green algae)
+карты озер
Low Suzdal Lake: Biomass in summer period:________________
Dominated species
Detected concentration of hepatotoxins
МС-LR
Total MCs
MC variants
Scientific Research Centre for Ecological Safety
Russian Academy of Sciences Kaliningrad
* St-Petersburg *
* Rybinsk
Moscow * *Yaroslavl
* Syktyvkar
Apatity
*
* Irkutsk
The Institutions of Russian Federation
running research work on cyanobacteria
Laboratoty for Marine Ecology, Atlantic
Branch of P.P.Shirshov Institute of
Oceanology RAS Kaliningrad
Study of HABs and cyanotoxins
(2010 -2014) has been carried out at the
shallow lagoons of South-Eastern Baltic
and in the marine areas.
Methods: HAB monitoring
(hydrochemistry / biology),
field screening of cyanotoxins(ELISA),
phytoplankton study, experiment.
Elena Ezhova, PhD, Head of Laboratory
(igelinez@gmail.com) (bloom dynamics,
experimental ecotoxicology)
Eugenia Lange, researcher (phytoplankton
composition & dynamics, toxic species)
Maria Maksimova, researcher
(cell culturing, toxin’s biodegradation)
Natalia Molchanova, researcher & Julia Polunina,
PhD, senior researcher (experimental ecotoxicology)
Study of cyanotoxins and its ecological effect
LME AB IORAS collaborate with: Center of Ecological Safety RAS (St.-Petersburg):
hepatotoxins and AN-a determination by LCMS
“Curonian Spit” National Park (Kalinigrad region):
HABs monitoring, public relation activity,
“Stylab Ltd.” (Moskow): methods of cyanotoxin
screening
http://www.park-kosa.ru/cn_novosti/publikatsii/?ELEMENT_ID=59695
http://www.park-kosa.ru/cn_novosti/publikatsii/?ELEMENT_ID=63939
http://www.park-kosa.ru/cn_novosti/publikatsii/?ELEMENT_ID=66069
Vistula Lagoon & Curonian Lagoon shallow water bodies– av. 2,7 m, max. ca. 5 m
Curonian mostly freshwater, Vistula Brackish 3-5 PSU
Curonian - hyper-trophic, Vistula – eutrophic
Phytoplankton biomass can
locally be over 1000 g m-3,
average 10 g m-3.
The bloom-forming algae -
potentially toxic
cyanobacterial species of
Aphanizomenon, Anabaena,
Microcystis, Planktotrix,
Woronichinia genera (in
Curonian) and also
Nodularia (in Vistula).
Basins of high-productive commercial fishery (bream, herring, eel, whitefish)
Recreational area (national park/reserves, tourism)
MCs concentrations in waters of Curonian Lagoon, Kaliningrad
(LCMS method)
Water sample,
μg L-1
Biomass sample,
μg g-1 (d.w.)
Dominated
species
ΣМСs МС - LR ΣМСs МС - LR
2010 qualitative analysis,
Arg –containing MCs variants were detected
Aph. flos-aquae,
Microcystis spp.
2011 1,0 - 194,8 <LOD- 93,7 304,3 - 3660,7 12,0 – 1714,0 Aph. flos-aquae
Microcystis spp.
2012 0,04 - 18,8
152,6 - 290,5*
0,01 - 3,3
25,0 – 65,5*
1,3 - 658,2 0,1 - 151,5 Aph. flos-aquae,
Microcystis spp
2013 2,2 - 14,9 0,1 - 0,5 25,0 – 4719,0 0,3 – 77,0 Aph. flos-aquae,
Microcystis spp
Curonian Lagoon, Blooming of 2010
* Pelagic zone
Kaliningrad, Curonian and Vistula Lagoons
Fast death of piscivorous birds after consuming of dead fish
Cases of fish and animals mass mortality occur
yearly, up to 2-3 times per year.
Fish-kills - May, Jul-Aug, Sept
Piscivorous birds – Jul-Aug;
Invertebrate-kills (mollusks of Planorbiddae,
Lymnaeidae, Viviparidae, paralysis of
Chironomus plumosus larvae) – Jul-Aug
Every summer period high concentrations of MCs were detected.
During bloom of Aphanizomenon flos-aqua in Oct. 2013 clear
neurotoxic effect was proved by experiments on Daphnia.
Experiment : Survival of Daphnia magna in different dilution of
filtrate of natural water sample, Curonian Lagoon, 06.10.2013
Phytoplankton cells from Curonian lagoon
Kaliningrad, Curonian and Vistula Lagoons
Rybinsk, Borok, Volga Reservoirs
I.D. Papanin Institute for biology of inland waters,
Russian Academy of Sciences (www.ibiw.ru)
• Laboratory of algology
• Laboratory of microbiology
Joint work with
- Saint-Petersburg SRCES RAS on LCMS determination of MCs
- Space Research Institute ,Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (satellite photoes)
- P.G. Demidov Yaroslavl State University on PCR analysis
Rybinskoje
Chebocsarskoje
Gorkovskoje
Volga basin Phytoplankton monitoring of Volga
Reservoirs has run since 1954.
Different trophic status of reservoirs:
Mesotrophic and eutrophic.
280 cyanobacterial species observed
Dominated species:
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae,
Microcystis aeruginosa,
Anabaena spp. (A. flos- aquae,
A.scheremetievi, A.spiroides, A.
lemmermannii ).
Planktothrix agardhii has become
dominant species in the oldest
Ivankovskij reservoir (since the
beginning of 1970s) after creating
Volga reservoir system.
Volga Reservoirs
LCMS analysis:
occurrence of MCs
in all water samples.
Detected up to
17 MCs variants.
Main toxins variants:
MC-LR,
MC-RR,
dmMC-RR,
MC-YR
Yaroslavl State University,
Department of ecology and zoology (www.uniyar.ac.ru/en/)
Team:
Scientific Interests:
hepato- and neurotoxigenic cyanobacteria,
ecological role of cyanotoxins,
PCR detection of toxic cyanobacteria,
ecology of shallow lakes, phytoplankton
The head: Babanazarova Olga,
algology, phytoplankton studies
(alench221@yandex.ru)
Sidelev Sergey, PCR analysis
(Sidelev@mail.ru)
Zubishina Alla, ELISA
(alla1812@yandex.ru)
Applied methods: conventional PCR, real-time PCR, RFLP-
analysis, PCR with individual colonies of toxigenic
cyanobacteria, multiplex PCR, ELISA, fluorescence microscopy
Principle fields of research:
Molecular genetics identification of microcystin-,
cylindrospermopsin-, anatoxin-a-, PSP-producing cyanobacteria in
the Russian freshwaters.
Experimental study of the ecological role of cyanobacterial toxins
using natural mesocosms: testing allelopathic hypothesis, signaling
hypothesis and the protective role against zooplankton grazing.
Detection of microcystins in drinking water in Russia and
approbation of different methods for cyanotoxins removal from
water.
Assessment of mutagenic activity of cyanotoxins with use of plant
and animal organisms.
Study of triggers for expansion of potentially toxigenic
cyanobacteria to temperate freshwaters.
Yaroslavl State University,
Department of ecology and zoology
Lake Nero ) is a shallow, highly eutrophic lake in
Yaroslavl Region.
The surface area is 57.8 km²,
a maximum depth - 3.6 m, average -1.6 m .
Chl “A” – 90 µg L-1
Total N – 1,8 mg L-1 , Total P – 0,12 mg L-1 Lake Nero
Genes responsible for cyanotoxin
biosynthesis and concentrations of toxins
МС СYN PSP
mcyE +
0.04-83 µg/l
(LC-MS/MS)
aoaA+
0.1-0.4 µg/l
(LC-MS/MS)
stxA +
data are absent
Cyanobacteria dominants
Micocystis spp., Planktothrix spp.,
Anabaena spp., Aphanizomenon gracile,
Cylindrospermopsis raciborski
Yaroslavl State University
• Toxic cyanobacteria producing MCs, CYN, STX
and AN-A observed in studied water bodies (PCR
analysis). The most numerous were microcystins
(95% of studied water samples) and saxitoxins.
According PCR analysis: the microcystin
producers in studied water bodies were
M. aeruginosa, M. viridis, M. flos-aquae,
M. novacekii, but M. wesenbergii
was non-toxic.
Upper Volga Reservoirs, Uglich
• 9 variants of MCs, mainly arginine
containing MC-LR, RR, YR. (LCMS)
Yaroslavl State University
Upper Volga Reservoirs
Total concentration of detected MCs
in different studied water bodies:
from 10 ng L-1 (rivers)
to 2000-5113 μgL-1 (blooming spots, high trophic water bodies)
Komi Republic,
Syktyvkar, Russia Institute of Biology of
the Komi Science Centre
of the Ural Division RAS
Research interests: Diversity and ecology of
Cyanobacteria and algae from the Northeast
of Russia (European part), bloom-forming
cyanobacteria, water quality
Research group on Cyanobacteria:
Head of the laboratory Dr. Patova Elena (patova@ib.komisc.ru)
Sterlyagova Irina, Novakovskaya Irina
Laboratory of geobotany and
comparative floristic, North
Flora and Vegetation
Department
www.ib.komisc.ru
Sampling sites of algalogy studies of cyanobacteria diversity
in different kind of ecotopes in European North-East
Komi Republic, Syktyvkar, Russia
Komi
republic
Cyanobacteria are studied in
undisturbed tundra and mountain (terrestrial and aquatic) ecosystems
As well as in anthropogenically transformed ecosystems
Most frequently (high degree of occurrence) the “blooming" of tundra water
bodies is caused by :
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae Anabaena flos-aquae
A. lemmermanii Rivularia planctonica Gloeotrichia echinulata
Microcystis pulverea
and A. solitaria, A. scheremetievi, A. hassalii, Nostoc linckia, Planktothrix agardhii
Blooming reservoirs is a serious
problem during summer
We are also interested in collaboration with different organization to
study cyanobacterial toxins, causing blooming in water bodies of
European North-East
Gloeotrichia echinulata Aphanizomenon
flos-aquae
Anabaena flos-aquae,
Aphanizomenon flos-aquae
Since 2012 we work to create living collection of cyanobacteria
and microalgae (http://ib.komisc.ru/sykoa)
Institute of the North Industrial
ecological problems,
Kola Science Center,
Russian Academy of Sciences
Water ecosystems laboratory
www.ineplab22.com
Apatity, Murmansk Region,
The Barents Euro-Arctic Region
The head of the laboratory –
Dr. Kashulin Nikolay.
Development of a methodology for assessing the current state of
freshwater ecosystems Euro-Arctic Region in the context of global and
regional environmental change, the theoretical foundations of
anthropogenic impact
Hydrobiological group: Denisov Dmitrii
Scientific interests: Algology, bioindication,
biodiversity, diatom analyses, paleoecological
reconstruction, HABs of the subarctic waters
Imandra Lake
Lapland Biosphere Reserve
HAB in April 4, 2014
Biomass of
monodominant
Anabaena lemmermannii -
34mgL-1
Limnological studies
Fishery , Recreation Use, Drinking water source
Anthropogenic stress results in
increasing of aquatic toxicity,
radical restructuring of the structural and
functional characteristics of aquatic
communities,
changes in trophic status of lakes
in 1960- oligotrophic, nowadays - eutrophic,
reducing the stability of freshwater
ecosystems.
Bloom-forming algae species:
Anabaena lemmermannii, A. flos-aquae;
Ceratium hirundinella,
Peridinium goslaviense
Imandra Lake— the biggest water body of Murmansk Region.
Area 876 km2. The maximum depth - 67 m, average depth — 16 m.
(67°40′ N 33°00′ E)
Imandra Lake – water body of North region of Russia
Fish-kill in Imandra Lake.
August, 2013
Fish-kill in Imandra Lake.
July, 2012
Since the beginning
2000 HABs and mass
mortality of wild fish
occurred yearly in Lake
Imandra. One of the
longest fish-kills lasted
from August to
September in 2013.
Prevention of cyanotoxincontamination
of aquatic ecosystems by means of
algacenosis correction
with Ch. vulgaris strain IPPAS C-111
The technology is based on the idea of finding the way to decrease
the development of cyanobacteria in favor of green algae.
The partners of Professor V.S. Petrosyan produce
on the industrial scale Chlorella vulgaris IPPAS № С-111,
which affects the blooming aquatic ecosystem in a way,
that as the result no development of cyanobacteria
is taking place and we observe
the preferential development of green algae (99%).
Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry, Professor Valery S. Petrosyan
(valpetros@mail.ru)
An example - Barvikha Ponds in Moscow Region
For two similar Barvikha ponds
the initial phytoplankton composition before starting the experiment
was not absolutely identical.
The total amount of phytoplankton in the experimental pond before
the algolization was 142 880 cells/ml and
after the experiment it has decreased till 75 060 cells/ml
(mostly the diatomic algae).
In the control pond the total amount of
phytoplankton vice versa has increased from
356 cells/ml to 13 650 cells/ml.
Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry
V.S. Petrosyan
Chemical Safety and Algolization of Water Reservoirs,
International Symposium
“The Priority Directions of Revitalization of the Voronezh Water
Reservoir”, November 21st, 2012, pp.311-319
Moscow State University, Department of Chemistry
the control pond
the experimental pond
Токсины в биомассе цианобактерий в оз. Сестрорецкий
Разлив
2010 2011 2012
MC-LR C49H74N10O12 + + +
Demethyl-MC-LR C48H72N10O12 + + +
DiDemethyl-MC-LR C47H70N10O12 + ND ND
[L-Ser7]MC-LR C48H74N10O13 ND ND +
Dehydro-MC-LR C49H76N10O12 + ND ND
[D-Glu-OCH36 ] -MC-LR C50H76N10O12 ND + ND
MC-RR C49H75N13O12 + + +
Demethyl-MC-RR C48H73N13O12 + + +
DiDemethyl-MC-RR C47H71N13O12 ND ND +
(Dha7)MC-YR C51H70N10O13 + ND ND
MC-YR C52H72N10O13 + + +
MC-FR C52H72N10O12 ND +
Anatoxin-a C10H15NO ND ND + Thank you for your attention!
top related