culturat heritage handicraft. ss ch2 gseb grade 10

Cultural Heritage:Handicraft.

Introduction to diff.types of Heritage

Cultural heritage:-whatever a man obtains with his skill and intellect is called cultural heritage.

Material heritage:-whatever estate,property,assets are called material heritage.

Genetic heritage:-physical and mental characteristics a child inherits from his/her parents is known as genetic heritage.

Art and Clay work.

->Man and clay have been closely associated since ancient time.In that sense his whole life revolves around it from cradle to grave.before the invention of metal clay things were used abunduntly.Toys,pots,pitchers,earthern lamps,clay wares were made by the potter to store grains,milk,ghee,curdand buttermilk.->The walls of houses kubas(clay hut) and streets were also made up of clay itself.We get the idea of same from the remains of play toys and other things found from ancient places like KALIBANGAN(rajasthan).India was famous for producing utensils made of both baked and unbaked clay(terracotta).this is preserved and practised perfectly till date.

Weaving and embroidery.

->Ancient india had a unique place in the feild of hand weaving,embroidery,and knitting.->Patola of patan(gujarat),bandhani of rajasthan,kanjeevaram saree and kashmiri work ‘kasab’work.->Patola saris are a double ikat woven sari, usually made from silk, made in Patan, Gujarat, India.The word Patola is the plural form—The sigular is patolu. They are very expensive, once worn only by royalty and the aristocracy, they are popular and in demand from those who can afford them. Velvet patola styles are also made in Surat. Patola-weaving is a closely guarded family tradition. There are three families left in Patan that weave these highly prized bevad ikt saris. It can take six months to one year to make one sari.

Patola of patan

->Bandhani of jamnagar ,jetpur,bhuj,mandavi,are very popular.The traditional style of bandhani with all its lusture is very popular even today.->Kasab and kanjeevaram sarees of kashmir are considerd to be one of the best embroidery work of india.

Painting

Indian painting has a very long tradition and history in Indian art. The earliest Indian paintings were the rock

paintings of pre-historic times, the petroglyphs as found in places like Bhimbetka rock shelters, some of the Stone

Age rock paintings found among the Bhimbetka rock shelters are approximately 30,000 years old. India's

Buddhist literature is replete with examples of texts which describe palaces of the army and the aristocratic class

embellished with paintings, but the paintings of the Ajanta Caves are the most significant of the few survivals.

Smaller scale painting in manuscripts was probably also practised in this period, though the earliest survivals are

from the medieval period. Mughal painting represented a fusion of the Persian miniature with older Indian

traditions, and from the 17th century its style was diffused across Indian princely courts of all religions, each

developing a local style. Company paintings were made for British clients under the British raj, which from the

19th century also introduced art schools along Western lines, leading to modern Indian painting, which is

increasingly returning to its Indian routes.

Indian paintings provide an aesthetic continuum that extends from the early civilisation to the present day. From

being essentially religious in purpose in the beginning, Indian painting has evolved over the years to become a

fusion of various cultures and traditions.

Indian paintings

Indian Music.

Indian music is unique from the point of view of tune,rhythm and harmony. we have 5 main types of ragas in classical music:-1. shree2.deepak3.hindol4.megh5.bhairaviIt is believed that all the ragas naturally came out of ‘panchmukh’ of lord shiva.The aryan ‘SAMVED’is the gangothri of music which showed the rate of growth of indian music.

Indian music texts.

In ancient india many texts were written on music out of which some are introduced below.1.SANGEET MAKARAND:-a music scholar NARAD who had written ‘SANGEET MAKARAND’ in about 900B.C.It describes 19 veena and 101 rhythm which are useful even today.2.SANGEET RATNAKAR:-the writer of this text is ‘pandit sarang dev’.He lived in daulatabad,so he was familiar with north-indian classical music as well as south-indian classical music.

SANGEET PARIJAT:-It was written by pandit ahobale in 1665.He has noted all imp.features of all imp. ragas.

NARAD

Pandit sarang dev

Pandit Ahobale’s house

Dance

The word ‘nritya’ has been derived from the original sanskrit word ‘nrit’ is one of the mediums of realizing beauty with ‘taal’ and ‘laya’ for the realization of aesthetic joy.shiva the originator of dance. and is also known as NATRAJ.

by manan popatclass 10th Croll no. 21house: topaz