criteria and indicators for monitoring and evaluating a ... · criteria and indicators for...
Post on 01-Aug-2020
2 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
Criteria and Indicators for monitoring
and evaluating a sustainable ECO-City
El Gouna
Peter- D. Hansen1) 2), B. Gabriel2) und R. vom Lehn2)
1)Technische Universität Berlin, Fakultät VI, FG Ökologische Wirkungsforschung
und Ökotoxikologie, Ecological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology,
Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1 (BH9-01), 10587 Berlin
2)TU-Campus Wedding (TIB),Master’s Programme Real Estate Management,
Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25 (Haus 20/21), 13355 Berlin
Contents
Susstainability: ecological and economic Systems - Urban
Development and Design: Agro City, Petro City, Eco City –
Tools and Implementations
Do we have Benchmark? Greencity Index / Indicators / Scorecard
Dissemination of results: Indicator sheet and rating systems
WFC = World Future Council
cities as “eco-technical super-organism“
Metabolism of cities: from linear to circular
The metabolism of cities:
from linear to circular
(cities as “eco-tecnical super-organisms“)
Why?
Increasing: Decreasing:
Energy demand Fossil fuel reserves
Energy costs Natural resources
CO2- NOx- SO2- Emission Time left for action!
Climate Instability Costs of renewable energy
Sea levels
• > 60% of the “Ecosystems and their Services for
human quality of Life ” are allready distroyed.
• 25% of the earth is already in use by land
consumption and agriculture!
Questions we have to ask and to find sound answers
What are the benefits of protected habitats in terms of i.e.
water resources relative to a non-protected area?
What is the role of marine biota and the carbon emission
(benthic-pelagic coupling in the carbon cycling and primary
production in sea life – climate change)?
How can we measure natural capital
(renewable and non-renewable
resources)?
Ecosystem Services – benefit from nature
Service Status
Food - crops - substantial production increase
Food - lifestock - substantial production increase
Food - aquaculture - substantial production increase
Food - capture fisheries - declining production due to overharvest
Regulating Servives
Water purification and waste
treatment
- declining water quality
Pest regulation - natural control degraded through pesticide use
Natural hazard regulation - Loss of natural buffers (wetland
and management)
Erosion regulation - increased soil degradation
Ecosystem Services
Effluents (Emission) from Aquaculture
109 kg N / t produced fish
65 kg P / t produced fish
Ecosystem Service: Aquaculture
World: 45-50 Mill t / y
Cultural Services Status
Recreation and eco-tourism - more areas accessible but many degraded
Aestethic values - decline in quantity and quality of natural lands
Eco-City
Criteria and Indicators
for Monitoring and
Evaluating Sustainability
Social Factors Public Values
(& Politics)
ECOLOGICAL RISK –
MANAGEMENT DECISION
Technological
Feasibility
Economics
(Cost and Benefits)
Regulatory & Legal
Requirements
Consumption of Resources:
40 % of Energy
30 % of Materials
20 % of Water
10 % of Land Consumption
and producing 40 % CO2 - Emissionen
30 % solid Waste
20 % Waste Water
Buildings and Housing world wide:
Labelling Green innovation / Green Buildings
-world wide and US by „LEED“
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) since 1998,
- in United Kingdom (GB) by „BREEAM“
(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment
Method) since 1990,
- in Australia by „Green Star“ GBCA
(Green Building Council of Australia) since 2003
- in Singapur by „Green Mark“ BCA
(Building and Construction Authority) seit 2005
- in Germany „DGNB“ (Sustainability)
(Deutsches Gütesiegel Nachhaltiges Bauen) since 2009.
Reactions by the Economy (Building and Housing - constructions
and materials) – going for Gold, Silver and Bronze
In Germany: slightly overdone - Sealing by Quality Certificates
Sustainability
Building
and Housing
-Reduction Energy
and Contaminants
- Wellbeing employer
- increase of productivity
-Reduction
of Energy
-Low Life
Cycle Costs
Ecology
Social - cultural
Economy -None re-newable Resources
- Renewable Energies
- Waste reduction
- environmental safe materials
and recycled products
- 0pen space and urban form
- cost of operation & Investment
- return
- income and costs
- image
- improvement of noise- reduction
and improved indoor habitat
no Sick –Building-Syndroms
a
Reliable Size of Shoes
14
In reallity we use already Sizes of Shoes
>35
a
Ecological Foot Print
Benchmark – international Standards after ISO and CEN
The Green City Index
Indicators values in Scorecards
Indicators and the Target Definition of the projects are the
fundament “ready to go“ for the successful evaluation process
Indicator Criteria:
Easy to use, therefore restricted number of guiding indicators
(condensed not detailled) to keep an operational data set
Transparency, clear Strategies, effect and measures related project
steering instrument, market conform product
Benchmarking Copenhagen = “the greenest Metropolitan“ in Europa (87,13%) → Berlin Ranking 8
Labelling Green innovation / Green Buildings
-world wide and US by „LEED“
(Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) since 1998,
- in United Kingdom (GB) by „BREEAM“
(Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment
Method) since 1990,
- in Australia by „Green Star“ GBCA
(Green Building Council of Australia) since 2003
- in Singapur by „Green Mark“ BCA
(Building and Construction Authority) seit 2005
- in Germany „DGNB“ (Sustainability)
(Deutsches Gütesiegel Nachhaltiges Bauen) since 2009.
Reactions by the Economy (Building and Housing - constructions
and materials) – going for Gold, Silver and Bronze medals
Established Indicators of relevant Evaluation Systems
including the MENA Region (Middle East / North Africa)
Input:
Established
Indicators of relevant
Evaluationsystems
Output:
Indicator Sets (1a)
organized after
Categories (1b)
Technical Quality and process orientated
Qualities are evaluated after the classical
dimensions of sustainibility:
social-cult., ecology, economic
*) Profile Qualities
Project specific indicators Project Objectives and WP
Set of project specific Indicators
Category Energy
Consumption
Degree of Strength
Renewable Energy Consumption
Clean and efficient Energy Policies
Category Water
Consumption
Leaking Pipes
Waste Water Treatment
Status of Connecting
Aquaculture / Agriculture
Category CO2
Emission
Intensity / Vol.
Reduction Strategies
Indicator Sheets (Score Cards): Rating System
The Rating-Table is coherent to the common Rating-Tables of International
Standards (ISO CEN): Comparing the "Data of initial situation“ with the
“Target Value“. The final result represents the magnitude of target achievement
(Objective Indicator).
Definitions of the rating level 1 - 10:
Definition 1-2: best practice
Definition 5: accepted average value
Definition 8-9: most worse rating
Definition 10: failure / criteria to prove a failure
Rating 3, 4, 6, 7: Refinements
Project
Results
In Conclusion
„The Road to Success - Gold Silver or Bronze“
Step 1: data mining organisation project data in matrices and I
ndicator Sheets
Step 2: data feeding the Eva.S evaluation tool by project data sets
Step 3: data check by a multi array grid (processor)
for sustainibility criteria
Step 4: monitoring and decision loop,
resulting products and alternative strategies
Dissemination YC-Project: overall results
In Conclusion
„The Road to Success - Gold Silver or Bronze“
Step 1: data mining organisation project data in matrices and I
ndicator Sheets
Step 2: data feeding the Eva.S evaluation tool by project data sets
Step 3: data check by a multi array grid (processor)
for sustainibility criteria
Step 4: monitoring and decision loop,
resulting products and alternative strategies
Summary
1.Urban planning, conceptsual evaluation and feasibility studies has to
consider more and more “biological / ecological mechanisms” and a
sustainable quality of Life. The Evablue professional strategies concept
serves as a valid communication, evaluation and monitoring of risk at urban
scale.
2.The Evablue professional strategies project data are evaluated by
qualitative and quantitative project specific indicators proved by the classical
dimensions of sustainability: socio-cultural quality, economic and ecological
quality.
3.The dynamic and constantly up-dated Evablue professional strategies
evaluation tool has many potential applications in the field of evaluation and
monitoring. Stakeholders are project developer, political decision maker of
municipal authorities
4.Evablue professional strategies data bank is growing and serving
(administrate) at this time the Megacity - YC-project, Deutsche Bahn, Local
Authorities, Evaluation of Research Programmes (EU, BMBF)
5.The Evablue professional strategies is a well known and successful
applied tool for feasibility studies and Risk Analysis surveys in
the Master´s Programme Real Estate Management (REM).
References
Hansen, P.-D. 1983. Regulatory Significance of Toxicological Monitoring by
Ed. Mervyn Richardson, VCH Publishers, New York 1993
Hansen, P.-D. 1997. Ecotoxicology and Landscape Planning. Quality
Assurance, 5,3 231-241
Hansen, P.-D. 2007. Risk assessment of emerging contaminants in aquatic
systems. Trends Anal. Chem. (TRAC), Vol. 26, No 11, 1095-1099
Hansen, P.-D., Blasco, J., De Valls, A., Poulsen, V., van den Heuvel-Greve,
M. 2007. Biological analysis (Bioassays, Biomarkers, Biosensors) In:
Sustainable management of sediment resources, Volume 2,
Sediment quality and impact assessment of pollutants. Eds. Damia Barceló
and Mira Petrovic, Elsevier Publishers Amsterdam, London, New York, 131-
157
Barcelo, Damia / Hansen, Peter-Diedrich (Eds.) 2009: Biosensors for the
Environmental Monitoring of Aquatic Systems – Bioanalytical and Chemical
Methods for Endocrine Disruptors. Series The Handbook of Environmental
Chemistry. Vol. 5: Water Pollution, Part J, Springer Publishers, 278 pp
Hansen, P.-D. 2010. Unerwünschte Wirkungen. In: R. Nießner (Hrsg.), 9.
Auflage Karl Höll: Wasser,
Nutzung im Kreislauf, Hygiene, Analyse und Bewertung,Walter de Gruyter,
Berlin, New York, 602-615
Hansen, P.-D., Gabriel, B., Liebrenz, H., Herig, S., vom Lehn, R. 2013. Eva.S:
Evaluation Strategies and Data Processing of Indicator Values.
Universitätsverlag der TU Berlin, ISBN 978-3-7983-2587-6 (Print), ISBN 978-
3-7983-2588-3 (Online), 17 pp
Sutherland, W.J. et al, 2006, The Identification of 100 ecological questions of
high policy relevance in the UK. Journal of Applied Ecology, 43, 617-627
ZIA 2013 Real Estate Industry Perspectives – Sustainability, 3rd Revised and
Amended Edition – March 2013
Acknowledgements
The authors thanks the Young Cities Project Center of the
world wide Megacities project for data mining and updating of
the data sets. We thank the members of the Evaluation
Working Group of the YC Project for competent contributions
in stimulating many frontiers approaches and evaluation
concepts. The authors gratefully acknowledge the BMBF for
funding the Young Cities Project – research for sustainable
development of the megacities of tomorrow – energy and
climate-efficient structures in urban growth centres.
The authors thanks for funding by Senate Department of
Urban Development of the City of Berlin – Fischereiamt (Berlin
Fishery Board, BFB), the European Commission
(SANDRINE: ENV4-CT98-0801 and CITY FISH: ENK1-CT
1999-00009 projects).
Thank you very much!
Joan Miró: “The singing Fish“ (1972)
Main Form of the Eva.S Evaluation
Strategy for the display of final
project results
Category Indicator Description YC Data
CO2 emissions total CO2 emissions, in tonnes per head 5,4 [tonnes/head]
intensity total CO2 emissions, in grams per unit for
real GDP 376
[grams /
€ GDP]
reduction strategy assessment of the ambitiousness of CO2
reductions strategies 9 Score
Category Indicator Description YC Data
Energy consumption total final energy consumption, in
gigajoules per head 73,3 [GJ/head]
intensity total final energy consumption, in
megajoules per unit of real GDP [€] 9,25 [MJ/€ GDP]
renewable energy
consumption
percentage of total energy derived from
renewable sources, as a share of the
city's total energy consumption, in
terajoules
0 [%]
Clean and efficient
energy policies
An assessment of the extensiveness of
policies promoting the use of clean and
efficient energy.
9 Score
• Comparable data, measures and scaling of the resulting values
• Example: Categories CO2 and Energy of the YC-Project calibrated
by the GCI
Indicator values:
Monitoring and Evaluation
the susstainable Eco-City
El Gouna
Social Factors Public Values
(& Politics)
ECOLOGICAL RISK –
MANAGEMENT DECISION
Technological
Feasibility
Economics
(Cost and Benefits)
Regulatory & Legal
Requirements
top related